2. HERBAL DRUGS
• STUDY AND USE OF MEDICAL
PROPERTIES OF PLANTS
• WIDELY AVAILABLE
• USE OF HERBS TO TREAT DISEASE
IS ALMOST UNIVERSAL
• MORE AFFORDABLE
• MORE THAN 12000 COMPOUND HAS
BEEN ISOLATED
4. DISADVANTAGE (HERBAL
DRUGS)
• INAPPROPRIATE FOR MANY
CONDITONS
• LACKAGE OF DOSAGE
INSTRUCTIONS
• POISION RISK ASSOCIATED WITH
WILD HERBS
• MEDICATION INTERACTIONS
• LACK OF REGULATION
5. SYNTHETIC DRUGS
• CHEMICALLY LACED SUBSTANCES
• MARIJUANA, COCAINE AND
METHAMPHETAMINE ARE THE
TYPES OF IT
• DIVIDED INTO TWO CATEGORIES:
1) CANNABINOIDS
2) CATHINONES
6. ADVANTAGE
• IMPROVED QUALITY
• LONGER BIO-LOGICAL HALF LIFE
• IMPROVED FAT SOLUBILITY
• IMPROVED ACTION DUE TO AN
ALTERED CHEMICAL STRUCTURE
7. DISADVANTAGE
• VIOLENT BEHAVIOUR
• DECREASED NEED OF SLEEP
• SHORT-TERM MEMORY
• DESIRE FOR THE FEELING TO END
• CHEST PAIN
• LONG TERM MENTAL ILLNESS
8. HOW ARE HERBS AND DRUGS ALIKE?
• DISCOVERY
• RESEARCH/TESTING
• SIDE EFFECTS/TOXICITY
9. HOW DO HERBS AND DRUGS
DIFFER?
• POTENCY
• SIDE EFFECTS
• COST
• TARGET
10. 10
AFTER REPEATED DRUG USE,
“DECIDING” TO USE DRUGS IS NO
LONGER VOLUNTARY BECAUSE
DRUGS CHANGE THE
BRAIN!SOURCE: NIDA. (2010). Drugs, Brains, and Behavior: The Science of Addiction.
13. PROBLEMS
• POOR MANUFACTURING PROCESS
• ADULTERATION TO INCLUDE TOXIC
SUBSTANCES AND CONVENTIONAL DRUGS
• MISIDENTIFICATION OF
• HERBS
• SUBSTITUTION OF HERBS
• VARYING STRENGTHS OF PREPARATIONS
• INCOMPLETE LABELLING
• INCORRECT DOSAGE AND INSTRUCTIONS
14. COMMONLY USED HERBAL
MEDICINES
• GLUCOSAMINE (NOT STRICTLY
HERBAL)- FOR RELIEF OF JOINT
PAIN (SIDE EFFECTS:MILD GI
SYMPTOMS, RASH, DROWSINESS,
HEADACHE AND INSOMNIA
• MAY ALTER GLUCOSE SENSITIVITY