2. Autonomy
The freedom and ability to manage
one’s affairs, which entails the right
to make decisions as well
3. Being an autonomous learner
Cooperator
Planner
Evaluator
Creative
Autonomous
learner
Motivator
Responsible
Monitor
4. Motivation
Human behaviour is motivated by 4 drives:
1. The drive to acquire
2. The drive to bond
3. The drive to defend
4. The drive to learn
5. (1980,Knowles)
Bases of adult learners.• Increasing self-directed
• Increasing experience learning
• Motivation to learn
• Concern about developing
competence to achieve their full
potencial
• Prefering participation in
performance-centred learning
activities
6. Learning and Facilitating Principles
•
•
•
•
•
•
Good health, well rested & distressed
Good learning environment
Planning activities with flexible time
Past experience is used by both
Opportunities for testing activities
Positive self-concept and high selfesteem
• Self-direction in learning is facilitated
when the learner is assisted to learn how
to learn
8. Bibliography.Head, K., & Pauline, T. (1997). Readings in Teacher Development, The Teacher
Development Series. (U. Adrian, Ed.) Oxford: Heinemann.
MacKeracher, D. (2004). Making Sense of Adult Learning (Segunda ed.). Toronto,
Canada: University of Toronto.
Richard Edwards, A. H. (1996). Boundaries of Adult Learning (Adult Learners:
Education & Training). New York: Routledge.
Scharle, Á., & Anita, S. (2000). Learner Autonomy. United Kingdom: Cambridge
University.