1. Natural language Formal, standardized language Term Lists (flat) Weakly structured Strongly structured Classification and categorization (hierarchical) Ontologies (associative) Controlled Vocabulary Authority List Synonym rings Subjects headings Classification schemes Taxonomies Mind Maps Faceted classification Thesauri TAO topics maps Full topic maps position paper by Tore Hoel, Oslo University College, 2007 Technieken voor het beschrijven van semantiek (op een logaritmische schaal)