1) Tajikistan is a mountainous, landlocked country located in Central Asia with 11 agro-climatic zones and a mainly continental climate. 2) Since the 1990s, collective and state farms have largely been replaced by private dehkan farms as the main agricultural production system in Tajikistan. 3) Tajikistan has developed laws and policy documents to regulate its seed and fertilizer industries and support the agricultural sector, but domestic fertilizer production remains low while imports are increasing.

1. Regional Strategic Analysis and Knowledge Support Systems in Asia
(ReSAKSS-Asia) Program
Initiative on
The Role of Fertilizer and Seeds in Transforming Agriculture in Asia
Input Policy in Tajikistan
September 26th, 2013
Tanzila R. Ergasheva

2. General information Tajikistan
Republic of Tajikistan –is a
mountainous landlocked country in
the South-east of Central Asia.
Afghanistan borders it to the south,
Uzbekistan to the west, Kyrgyzstan
to the north, and People's Republic
of China to the east.
Lying between 300 and 7495
meters.
With 11 agro-climatic zones from
hot arid valleys in the west to high
mountains
The climate is mainly continental.

3. Number of enterprises and organizations in
agriculture, (units)
2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012*
Collective
farms
169 80 12 16 14 1 1 1 0 0
State farms 148 120 46 41 18 7 5 5 0 0
Intersectorial
cooperation
farms
5 6 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
Private
(dehkan)
farms
16431 19416 23100 24900 26500 30800 38000 51400 58300 115143
Source: Statistical Agency under President of the Republic of Tajikistan (2012)
* State Land Committee of the Republic of Tajikistan (2013)

4. Structure of sown areas, (%)
Source: Statistical Agency under President of the Republic of Tajikistan (2012)
1991 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011
Total 100 100 100 100 100 100 100
wheat 22,1 35,6 34,5 37,3 41,0 40,8 36,6
cotton 36,6 29,2 28,6 26,7 19,3 19,3 24,0
potato 1,6 3,1 3,3 3,2 3,4 3,8 4,3
other crops 39,7 32,1 33,6 32,8 36,3 36,1 35,1

5. Laws regulating the Seed Industry and Fertilizer
 on Crop Breeding Achievements dated November 4, 1995 and
amended December 2, 2002.
 on Plant Quarantine, April 28, 2001
 on Production and safe handling of pesticides and
agrochemicals, April 7, 2003
 on State Regulation of crop-producing power of agricultural land, July
8, 2004.
 on State support of agricultural sector of the Republic of
Tajikistan, February 22, 2007
 on Seed Industry, January 5, 2008
 on Plant variety protection, December 29, 2010.

6. Policy documents
 Millennium Development Goals (MDG), May 2005.
 National Development Strategy (NDS) of the Republic of Tajikistan for the
period to 2015, April 3, 2007.
 Concept of the Agrarian Policy of the Republic of Tajikistan, December 31,
2008.
 Food Security Programme of the Republic of Tajikistan until 2015, February
2, 2009.
 Agriculture Reform Programme of the Republic of Tajikistan for 2012-
2020, August 6, 2012.
 Program for Development of the Seed Industry in the Republic of
Tajikistan for 2010-2014, May, 2009.
 Resolution of the Government of the Republic of Tajikistan № 413 On
special zones and seed crop farms, July 28, 2009.

7. Seed requirement of priority crops
depending on planting rate, tons
Source: Program for Development of the Seed Industry in the Republic of Tajikistan for 2010-
2014 (2009)
Region Seeding rate, kg/ha
Total seed requirement (tons),
including 15% for security reserve
Cotton
Soghd Oblast
110,00 11000,00
30,00 3000,00
Khatlon Oblast 110,00 21500,00
30,00 6000,00
RRS
110,00 3000,00
30,00 800,00
TOTAL
110,00 35500,00
30,00 9800,00
Wheat
Soghd Oblast
220,00 16200,00
150,00 11100,00
Khatlon Oblast
220,00 46200,00
150,00 31500,00
RRS
220,00 17000,00
150,00 11500,00
GBAO
220,00 1350,00
150,00 910,00
TOTAL
220,00 80750,00
150,00 55010,00
Potato
Soghd Oblast 3500,00 41000,00
Khatlon Oblast 3500,00 29000,00
RRS 3500,00 37500,00
GBAO 3500,00 7500,00
TOTAL 3500,00 115000,00

8. Fertilizer consumption in Tajikistan, for 2012
Source: Statistical Agency under President of the Republic of Tajikistan (2012)
ALL TYPE of FARMS
(Agr.Enterprises, Associations, Dehkan
farms) Wheat Cotton Potatoes
Total arable land where FERTILIZER used for
2012 (HA)
Tajikistan 143233 182683 13834
GBAO 2841 0 1266
Sogd oblast 14512 45669 4794
Khatlon oblast 99785 127330 3605
RRS -Raion (district) under Republican
Subordination 26095 9684 4169

9. 0.0
10.0
20.0
30.0
40.0
50.0
60.0
70.0
80.0
90.0
100.0
1985
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
Domestic production of fertilizer
in Tajikistan from 1985 to 2009 (1,000s MT)

10. Conclusions
 Recommendations for effective Input Policy :
- long-term vision and structure of seed sector development;
- strengthen the legal framework for the use and provision of fertilizers,
to strengthen the control over the quality of imported fertilizers and
their use;
- development of the regulatory framework to improve the fertilizer
policy
- strengthening land use rights;
- water sector reform;
- accesses to finance;
- accesses to mechanization (leasing).