1. Kohlberg’s Stages
of Moral Development
Created by
Reni Prastiwi Andayani

2. Lawrence Kohlberg
Born in 1927, grew up
in Bronxville, New York
and attended the
Andover Academy in
Massachusetts.
In 1948, enrolled at the
Kohelberg is a close University of Chicago
follower of Piaget. and has taught at the
Accordingly, Kohlberg's University of Chicago
theoretical positions, (1962-1968) and, since
including that on 1968, has been at
developmental change, Harvard University.
reflect those of his mentor.

3. The Stage Concept
Kohlberg criteria's :
1. Qualitatively different ways
of thinking
2. Structured wholes
3. Progress in an invariant
sequence
4. Can be characterized as
hierarchic integrations
5. Cross-cultural universals

4. Kohlberg’s stages
Kohlberg have three levels and six
stages of moral development
Level 1. Preconvention
Morality Level III. Post
conventional
Level II. Conventional Morality
Morality

5. Level 1. Preconvention Morality
Stage 1. Obedience and
Punishment Orientation
At this stage, children
think of what is right as that
which authority says is right.
Doing the right thing is
obeying authority and
avoiding punishment

6. Stage 2. Individualism
and Exchange
Children are no longer so
impressed by any single
authority, they see that there
are different sides to any issue.
Since everything is relative, one
is free to pursue one's own
interests, although it is often
useful to make deals and
exchange favors with others.

7. Level II. Conventional Morality
In this level at stage 3 and 4,
Young people think as members
of the conventional society with
its values, norms, and
expectations

8. Stage 3. Good Interpersonal
Relationships
They emphasize being a
good person, which Stage 4.
basically means having Maintaining the
helpful motives toward Social Order
people close to one
The concern shifts
toward obeying laws to
maintain society as a
whole.

9. Level III. Post conventional Morality
In this level at stages 5 and 6 people are less
concerned with maintaining society for it own
sake, and more concerned with the principles and
values that make for a good society.

10. Stage 5. Social Contract
and Individual Rights
They emphasize
basic rights and Stage 5. Social Contract
the democratic and Individual Rights
processes that
give everyone a They define the
say. principles by which
agreement will be
most just.

11. Kohlberg has also tried to relate his moral stages to
other forms of cognition. He has first analyzed his
stages in terms of their underlying cognitive structures
and has then looked for parallels in purely logical and
social thought. For this purpose, he has analyzed his
own stages in terms of implicit role-taking capacities,
capacities to consider others' viewpoints (Kohlberg,
1976; see also Selman, 1976, and Rest, 1983).

12. THANK YOU
Source:
W.C. Crain. (1985). Theories of Development.
Prentice-Hall. pp. 118-136.