1. 1. Draw schematic diagram of a simple Non condensing geothermal power plant.
2. Draw the plant lay-out and flow diagram of a typical geothermal power plant including the
steam gathering system. The turbine is a double pressure and double flow condensing type.
Gas ejection is by steam system and cooling is closed system using cooling tower.
3. Draw a schematic diagram of a Once-Through Steam Boiler, indicating flow of feed water from
boiler feed pump discharge to superheated steam to steam turbine.

2. 4. Define the following:
a. Heat balance of a steam generating plant
An accounting of the distribution of the heat available to the steam generating unit.
b. Orsat apparatus
A chemical apparatus which is used to analyze the composition of the products of combustion on
volumetric basis.
c. Fly-ash
Dust resulting from the combustion of solid fuels, consisting of ash and unburned carbon particles
which are carried in the flue gases.
d. Electrostatic precipitator
A gas cleaning device which consists of two sets of electrodes, insulated from each other, that
maintain an electrostatic field between them; the field ionizes the dust particles that passes
through it, attracting them to the electrode opposite charge.
e. Referring to coal: Grindability Index
The measure of the relative hardness or easiness of grinding or pulverizing coal.
f. Half life of radioactive substance
The time necessary for half the initially present nuclei in the radio active substance to disintegrate.
5. Differentiate the difference between these types of steam power plants:
a. Conventional steam generating equipment
Power generating equipment in which power is generated by the use of steam which is produced in
a boiler or steam generating unit by heat from the combustion of fuel.
b. Geothermal steam generating equipment
Power generating equipment in which power is generated by the use of steam of hot water coming
from under the earth which is produced under the earth by the heat of magma.
c. Nuclear steam generating equipment
Power generating equipment which power is generated by the use of steam which is produced in a
steam boiler using the heat of a coolant which derives its heat from a radioactive substance in a
nuclear reactor.
6. Define the following:
a. Monolithic foundation for machines
Concrete foundation which is formed by continuous pouring of the cement mixture and allowing the
structure to harden as a whole unit.
b. Grouting
Process of filling a small clearance between machine and foundation, after the machine is aligned
and leveled, by using a special hardening mixture.

3. c. Three (3) purposes of foundations for machines
• To support the weight of the machine, and to distribute the weight of the machine
and its own over a safe subsoil area.
• To absorb the vibration produced by the machine.
• To maintain the alignment of the machine.
7. Give at least three objectives of boiler feed water treatment and explain how each objectives is
accomplished.
• To prevent scale formation by removal of hardness. This is accomplished by passing
the water through a water softener using cation resins.
• To prevent corrosion by removal of acid and acid forming gases. This is accomplished
by deaeration and using anion exchanger.
• To prevent foaming by removal of oil. This is accomplished by filtration, coagulation
or use of strainers.
8. Philippines being a tropical country, the extensive use of refrigeration is a necessity and
industrial air conditioning is one application of refrigeration. Enumerate four functions of
industrial air conditioning.
a. Control of temperature
b. Control of humidity
c. Control of purity, that is, removal of dust and other impurities
d. Control of air movement or circulation
9. In paper manufacturing, give three methods of processing wood to pulp and the corresponding
chemicals used for digestion.
a. Kraft or sulfate pulping. Uses mixture of sodium sulfide, caustic soda and sodium carbonate.
b. Sulfite pulping. Uses solution of calcium or magnesium bisulfides and free sulfur oxide.
c. Semichemical or Neutral Sulfite Semichemical Pulping. Uses sodium sulfate and sodium carbonate.
10.Give three methods of drying system based on heat transfer.
a. Direct or convection drying. Ex. Rotary dryer, tunnel dryer, spray dryer.
b. Indirect drying. Ex. Vacuum tray dryer, drum dryer
c. Infrared or radiant heat drying. Ex. Dielectric heat drying.