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MARÍA MAS MENGUAL MARÍA LÓPEZ RECHE RAMÓN GARCÍA BALLESTEROS CRISTINA RODRÍGUEZ RODRÍGUEZ THE PROBLEM OF WATER IN THE VALENCIAN COMMUNITY

INTRODUCTION When we speak about problems related to the water we refer to the five following ones: · Sea level increase · F reshwater shortage · Expansion of desert areas · Floods · Shrinkage of glaciers

MAIN REGIONAL PROBLEMS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Shrinkage of glaciers and sea level increase, are not a problem, the first one given the latitude to wich we are and the climatic conditions and the second one, at the moment it is only a future threat. Nevertheless, a sea level increase would provoke catastrophic consequences in many areas of our region, given the geological and topographics characteristics of the same one, with the presence of extensive areas placed to level of the sea, where they agree important cores of population and areas of high agricultural productivity.

Expansion of desert areas ,[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Reasons that favor the desertification

FLOODS ,[object Object],[object Object]

FRESHWATER SHORTAGE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],REASONS OF THE SHORTAGE ,[object Object]

The agriculture consumes more than 80 % of the total demand of water in the countries in the south of the Mediterranean. There exists the perception of which the adverse effects of the drought are associated with the agrarian activities. The deforestation and the overgrazing favour the surface run-off and prevent the water infiltration REASONS OF THE SHORTAGE ,[object Object]

The first natural reason is the prolongation of the periods of drought due to the global warming. In those regions near arid zones this incident of major arid cycles is much more evident than in the rest of the world, since it happens in the Mediterranean area REASONS OF THE SHORTAGE ,[object Object]

In the Mediterranean, the climate is an essential component of the natural capital and constitutes an important element in the sustainable development. The water is not only a socioeconomic main element but also a cultural essential one. The Convention of the United Nations for the Fight against the Desertification attributes the origin of the desertification both to climatic variations and to human activities. The Convention insists on the fact that " the desertification is caused by complex interactions among physical, biological, political, social, cultural and economic factors ” REASONS OF THE SHORTAGE ,[object Object]

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