Philosophy of Education and Educational Philosophy
ICRAF IFRI Presentation 2013
1. Anja Gassner, Tor Vagen, Mrigesh Kshatriya
Sentinel landscapes
Long term socio ecological
research sites
for FTA
2. Components
1. Smallholder production systems and
markets
2. Management and conservation of
forest and tree resources
3. Environmental services and
landscape management
4. Climate change adaptation and
mitigation
5. Impacts of trade and investment on
forests and people
3. Component
1
Smallholder production systems and markets
Enhancing productivity and sustainability of smallholder
forestry and agroforestry practices (food security and
nutrition)
Component Lead
Center: ICRAF
Increasing income generation and market integration for
smallholders
Component
Improving policy and institutions to enhance social assets
Coordinator:
to secure rights to forests, trees and land
Fergus Sinclair
Research
themes
4. Component
2
Management and conservation of forest and tree
resources
Understanding threats to populations of important tree species
and formulating genetic conservation strategies
Conserving and characterizing high-quality germplasm of high
Component Lead
value tree species in the forest to farm gradient
Center: Bioversity
Developing improved silvicultural and monitoring practices for
multiple use management of forest ecosystems
Component
Developing tools and methods to resolve conflicts over
Coordinator:
distribution of benefits and resource rights
Research
themes
Laura Snook
5. Component
3
Environmental services and landscape management
Understanding patterns and drivers of forest (tree cover)
transition in decline and restoration phases
Component Lead Understanding consequences of tree cover transition for
Center: ICRAF
livelihoods, environmental good and services, and adaptive
policy
Component
Active learning landscapes where innovative responses and
Coordinator:
policy options are tested
Meine van
Research
themes
Noordwijk
6. Component
4
Climate change adaptation and mitigation
Harnessing forests, trees and agroforestry for climate
change mitigation
Component Lead Enhancing climate change adaptation through forests,
Center: CIFOR
trees and agroforestry
Understanding the role of forests, trees and agroforestry in
Component
achieving synergies between climate change mitigation
Coordinator:
and adaptation
Lou Verchot
Research
themes
7. Component
5
Research
themes
Component Lead
Center: CIFOR
Component
Coordinator:
Pablo Pacheco
Impacts of trade and investment on forests and people
Understanding the processes and impacts of forestrelated trade and investment
Enhancing responses and policy options to mitigate
negative impacts and enhance positive impacts from
trade and investment
8. Sentinel landscape
A framework to
• Provide hard evidence on key indicators
important to FTA themes
• Standard protocols/modules for data
collection
• Backstopping for data management/data
mining/data analysis
• Tool to allow greater cohesion,
interdependence and alignment of FTA
themes both within as well across the
landscapes we are working in
• Entry for partners to influence our impact
pathways
9. Learning from others
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CGIAR benchmark approach
International Long-term Ecological Research (ILTER)
International Forestry Resources and Institutions (IFRI)
A Long-Term Biodiversity, Ecosystem and Awareness Research Network (ALTERNet)
European network for a long-term forest ecosystem and landscape research
programme (ENFORS)
National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON)
Alternatives to Slash and Burn (ASB)
Tropenbos International (TBI)
Poverty Environment Network (PEN)
Tropical Ecology Assessment & Monitoring (TEAM)
Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute (STRI)
Rewarding the Upland Poor for Environmental Services (RUPES)
Smithsonian forest networks (SIGEO/CTFS)
World Bank Standard of living survey
11. 2 approaches
• Classical comparative study : set of 8 very
different geographical bounded landscapes in
Africa, Asia and Latin America
• Thematic research questions to guide the
selection of a network of study sites across
Asia, Latin America and Africa.
12. 8 geographically bound SL
• What are the institutional settings that ensure
that utilisation of forest resource result in
equal sharing of benefits?
• What are the enabling factors that make
people value the ecosystem service of trees?
• What are the conditions that allow farmers to
significantly capitalize on tree products?
13. Tropical Managed Forest Observatories
1. How does the provision of different forest
products and services vary across gradients of
timber harvest intensity; i.e., do thresholds in
response exist?
2. Are there trade-offs in management practices
aiming to enhance the production of different
forest products and services; i.e., do threshold
points differ among them?
3. Do responses of forests vary across the region,
and does this follow trends in forest functional
composition?
14. Oil Palm Value Chain
1. What are main trade and investment flows
associated to oil palm expansion?
2. What are the main socio-economic and
ecological impacts from such expansion?
3. What mechanisms and incentives are more
effective to reduce the negative impacts, and
to promote more sustainable and inclusive
business models of oil palm production?
16. Linking with other Networks
Linking CRP6 Land degradation models with IFRI and CIRAD
plot level data
17. • Households (n= 1400) more likely to have fed
all members through the year from home
gardens and fields if they:
– Have fruit trees in homestead yard (odds ratio=2.8,
p<0.001)
– Have fruit trees in fields (odds ratio=2.0, p<0.05)
after controlling for household size & dependency
ratio, age & gender of household head, number of
assets owned, & position on rainfall gradient
>This association needs further investigation
work expended to analyse 15000 households.
20. Systematic methods for mapping of soil and
ecosystem health at multiple scales
2013
1986
2006
Tor Vagen, Thomas Gumbricht,
Nyahururu, Kenya
Mau Forest, Kenya
Ecosystem monitoring
indicators developed
23. What changes you have made in the way you manage your
land, soil and water and in how you have prepared your land
over the last 10 years?
Adjusted R-squared: 0.25
Adjusted R-squared: 0.078
F-statistic: 24.53 on 1 and 71 DF, p-value:
F-statistic: 7.244 on 1 and 71 DF, p-value:
4.777e-06
0.008
28. Where are we?
• Sampling ongoing: Nicaragua/Honduras;
Burkina Faso Ghana
• Western Amazon, Cameroon, Western Ghats,
Mekong
• Analytical workshop 3-7 CATIE Costa Rica