Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems

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© 2015 InfoComm International®
Installation Issues for
Converged AV/IT Systems
Andre LeJeune, CTS
About InfoComm Academy®
• Extensive offering of audiovisual
courses designed by experts and
taught by AV professionals
• Delivered

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www.infocomm.org
Working with IT Professionals
• Specific means of documentation
• International standards (EIA, TIA, ISO,
ITC, etc.)
• Industry standard construction methods:
– BICSI
• Conservative new technology adoption
• Content is mostly information; desktops
• Only one or two cabling types

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Working with AV Professionals
• Non-standard documentation
• Lack of standards
• Proprietary techniques
• Constant new technology adoption
• Content is multimedia, large rooms
• Many cabling types
What IT People Care About
• Smooth operations
– no downtime
• Unified “build” of
computers
• Security of network
• Scheduled backups
• Help Desk
operations

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Audiovisual and Network Signals
• Audio: microphone, line, loudspeaker
• Video: composite NTSC, PAL, SECAM
• TV: Radio Frequency (RF)
• HDTV: DVI, HDMI, IEEE 1394 (Firewire)
• Broadcast: SDI, AES/EBU
• Computer Data: RGBHV (VGA)
• Control: Closures, TTL, serial, infrared (IR)
• Network: Ethernet
• Combinations: Proprietary
Traditional Audiovisual/Control Block Diagram
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What is AV/IT Convergence and Why?
• Began with multi-room control
• Existing IT infrastructure
• Mature digitization technologies
• Videoconferencing
• Inter-building audiovisual transport
• Enterprise management
• Consolidation of resources
“Hybrid” Audiovisual/Control Block Diagram
using Structured Cabling
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Where Are We Now with AV/IT?
• Traditional audiovisual technology is very
mature, very robust – but limited
• “Hybrid” AV/IT systems use structured
cabling but traditional AV signals
• Videoconferencing, streaming media are
almost all IT now
• High bandwidth networks
• Bottlenecks
“Converged” AV/IT Block Diagram

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AV/IT Project Cooperation and Coordination
• Unusual locations for information outlets
• Floor and wallboxes, furniture connectivity
• Wireless technology policies
• Network segregation
• IP addresses
• Use of structured cabling
• Firewalls
The IT Domains
• IT infrastructure is highly
organized in standard
formats:
– Demarcation room
– Data center
– Backbone cabling
– Information closets
– Horizontal cabling
– Information outlets

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The IT Domains: The Demarcation Room
• Secure entry point for voice/data
services to building
• Sometimes redundant services
• Access for service providers:
– Voice/data lines (T1, E1, etc.)
– Copper trunks
– ISP (Internet Service Provider)
– Cable television
The IT Domains: The Data Center
• Secure entry
• Environmentally controlled
• Organized: equipment racks
• Uninterruptible power
• Servers, routers, switches
• May or may not have operations stations

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The IT Domains: Backbone Cabling
• Interconnections between
telecommunications rooms, equipment
rooms, and entrance facilities
• Cables
• intermediate and main cross-connects
• Patch cords or jumpers used for cross-
connections
• Extensions between buildings in a campus
environment.
The IT Domains: The IDF
• Data Closets (IDF)
• Located throughout building
• Patch points
• Fiber/copper
• Switches, routers
• Sometimes “video:” CATV, SAT

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IDF Installation Example
The IT Domains: The Information Outlet
• Data jacks
• Usually copper cabling, RJ-45 (8-pin
modular) connectors
• May be Fiber-To-The-Desktop
• Mulitple jacks in each outlet, according
to the enterprise’s standard
• “Flood” the facility

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Following Cabling Guidelines
• IT professionals
prefer to see all
cabling comply to
their facility
standard
• Use building
cabling or run new
cabling?
Infrastructure Devices: Table Boxes
• Doors/pockets
• Pop-up
• Flip-up
• Custom
• Audiovisual
• Power
• Information
outlet

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Infrastructure Devices: Structured Cabling
• Information Outlets: RJ-45
• Category 5, 5e, 6
• Fiber optic cabling
• IDF (Intermediate Data
Frame)
• MDF (Main Data Frame)
• BICSI, RCDD (Building
Industry Consulting
Service International Inc.)
Infrastructure Devices:
Electrical Pathways
• Tray
• Conduit
• Ladder rack
• Trough
• “Wiremold”
• Bridal rings
• J-Hooks

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Example: Hybrid AV / IT
Courtroom Audio/Audiovisual System
CAT What?
• “Category - #”
cable and
performance
standards
correspond to
bandwidth-
carrying
capabilities,
attenuation,
and Near-End
Crosstalk
(NEXT) of
system
Standard
Freq.
Range
(MHz)
Atten.
(dB)
NEXT
(dB)
CAT-5 1-100
100 Kbps
24 27.1
CAT-5E 1-100
1 Gbps
24 30.1
CAT-6 1-250
1 Gbps
21.7 39.3
CAT-7* 1-600
1-10 Gbps
20.8 62.1
*CAT-7 is a proposed standard: new connector

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IT Terminations
• Punch Blocks
• RJ-45 (8-pin modular) Connectors
• Fiber Optics
– Telephone Type
– Data Type
We will do the first two…..
IT Patch Bays:
• Every line must run through
a patch bay
• Usually equipment racks in
an IDF (data closet) and
MDF (data center) have a
standard number of patch
bays and patch points
• No “normalled” connections

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UTP Wiremap
• Two main
termination
standards
– T568A
– T568B
• Verify which
standard your
client is using
for the
enterprise!
Gn/wht, Gn, Orng/wht, Blue, Blue/wht, Orng, Brn/wht, Brn Orng/wht, Orng, Grn/wht, Blue, Blue/wht, Grn, Brn/wht, Brn
UTP Pinout
• Straight-through
• Crossover

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Testing
– Network Cabling Infrastructure
– Network Performance
Why Infrastructure Testing?
– Clients require a “certified” cabling system
– Robust infrastructure and network
– Network may have problems with
streaming media
– Network administrator

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4 Levels of Network Testing
• Wiremap (correct “pin-out”)
– Basic Level: Cables pass signals
• Cable Verification
– Cabling conforms to basic capability standards
• Network Certification
– Network cabling conforms to bandwidth standards
– Ready to turn on active components
• Network Operation
– Identification of network components
– IP Addresses
Network Certification
• Cabling verification PLUS:
• Performance and Speed Verification:
– Signal speed carrying specifications to 1 gigabit
– Interconnect specifications
– Quality of the signal
– Real-time testing of cable capability
– Measurement of signal quality

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Installation Issues
• CAT# cable maximum pull force 25 lbs.
• Do not crush cable in any way:
– Velcro cable ties
• Minimum bend radius 1” (25 mm)
• Conform to conduit/material codes
• Conform to building standards
• Alien crosstalk (AXT)
• Proximity to power sources
Bandwidth and the Network
• Bandwidth is a range of frequencies that
passes through a system
• “Speed” of the network
• “Size of the pipe”

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Performance PASS/FAIL
• Testers are
programmed with
performance
parameters and
indicate PASS or
FAIL
• Tester must be told
what type of cable is
being used

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www.infocomm.org
+1 703.273.7200

Installation Issues for Converged AV/IT Systems

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