2. CONTENT
Anatomy of Heart
 Physiology of Heart
 Heart Sounds
 Heart Murmurs
 Components of the device
 Working
 Advantages & Uses
 Conclusion


3. Anatomy of Heart

4. Path of Blood Flow Through
Heart

5. Heart Sounds



Auscultation: The act
of listening to sounds
within the body.
Four Sounds:
* S1-Lubb
* S2-Dupp
* S3 & S4
Produced due to:
* Vascular
* Muscular
* Valvular

6. Heart Murmurs

Abnormal sounds
consisting of
clicking, rushing, or
gurgling noise that
are either heard
before, between, or
after the normal
heart sounds

7. INTRODUCTION
Presence of noise in PCG signals effect
the quality of sound.
 Aim of PCG is to provide a
complementary tool to record heart
sound and murmurs.
 An effective noise elimination can be
obtained using an adaptive filter.


8. COMPONENTS OF THE DEVICE
PCG microphone
 Adaptive Filter
 Analogue to Digital
Converter

Microcontroller
 Output Device


9. WORKING
 PCG Microphone:
- air-coupled sensor which measures
pressure waves induced by chest wall
movements.
- To acquire PCG signals

10. •Adaptive Filter
-Function: Elimination of noise components.
-It is a filter that self-adjusts its transfer
function according to an optimization
logarithm driven by an error signal

11. PCG feature extraction using DWT
Cardiac
cycle
DWT
db 4,5 levels
From
PCGs
Extraction &
Classification
Modification
IDWT
Db 4,5 levels
Generates Heart Sounds

12. •Analogue to Digital Converter
- A device that converts a continuous physical
quantity to a digital number that represents
quantity’s amplitude.
- Here, the filtered PCG signals are converted
into digital form.

13. •Microcontroller
- A small computer on a single ‘integrated
circuit containing a processor core, memory
& programmable I/P-O/P peripherals.
- 16-bit MSP430F5438 is used.
- Programmed to give an alert(o/p) on
occurrence of abnormalities.

15. INPUT PC SIGNAL
Method for the estimation of the splitting interval (SI) between the aortic (A2)
and pulmonary (P2) components of the second heart sound (S2).

16. ADVANTAGES
Versatile
 Portable
 Cost effective
 Superior noise cancellation

USES
Acts as Pre-indicator for abnormal heart.
 Helpful in rural areas, in absence of
cardiologist for further diagnosis.
 Can provide clues of the cause of heart
disease/failure.


17. CONCLUSION
It is pertinent to consider a time
sequence of patient data.
 Better recording of the desired signal can
be obtained.
 Provides valuable information about
functional integrity of the heart.
 Thus, has high potential for detecting
various heart diseases.
