1. climate people architecture culture cuisine planning

3. Geographical area – 2.6sq. miles.

5. Rich History.

6. Famous for Jewellery, Blue Pottery, clothing, handicrafts, paintings etc.

7. Located in north-western part of India, Jaipur was founded by king Sawai Jai Singh in 1727 AD.

8. Being a lover of astronomy, mathematics and astrophysics, Jai Singh sought advice from Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, a Brahmin scholar of Bengal, to design the city on the basis of Vastu Shastra (Indian Architectural theory) principles.

9. The society during the that period was divided into four main castes- Brahmins, Kshatriyas, Vaishyas and Shudras and king was the supreme ruler.- Walled City Area Plan of Jaipur City

10. Observatory , JantarMantarwas declared as “World Heritage Site” New Master Plan -City started expanding outside walled area. 1927 2010 1947 Indian Independence- Jaipur was declared as the capital of newly formed state Rajasthan Pink Color given to major street facades 1799 Construction of Palace of Wind ( HawaMahal) 1867 Foundation of Jaipur city by king Jai Singh- Shifting capital of Kachchawa dynasty from Amber to Jaipur 1727 1734 Construction of major streets and the palace building.

12. Planning of the city- Vastu Shastra principles in Jaipur Selection of the site According to Vastu Shastra, a more flatter site is preferred for the development of a new city /town. As security was of prime concern in the olden days, it was favorable if the site had some natural boundaries( hills or lakes). Amber fort set on high hill Valley formed by Ban Ganga river in east 2. Conceptual Planning of the city- The planning of the city was based on the nine square Pitha Mandala described in the Mansara text. The central square of the Mandala, Brahmasthana , was dedicated to the king’s palace and the other squares were designed for the people according to their caste and profession . Pitha Mandala Painted Map of Jaipur 18th century

13. Evolution of Nine Squares on the Site Following the concept of Vastu Shatra, the design of the city of Jaipur was placed on the site to align with the natural topography. This caused the axis of Jaipur city to slightly deviate (15degrees) from the cardinal axis. The ninth square of the mandala was shifted to adjust with the topography on the northwestern side. The central square in addition to the royal palace and the observatory, also accommodating royal gardens ,administrative offices, required a larger area and hence merged with the square on the north Establishing the city’s axes on the site at 15 degree from the cardinal direction. Developing the site as Mandala Conjectural reconstruction of the site Accommodating the eastern and western arrangements.

14. Structural Components of the City The main components of the city that define its structure are the palace block, seven sectors, street network (main, secondary and tertiary street), three chaupars(public squares) and the fortified wall with monumental gates serving as entrance to the city.

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19. Gates located on a secondary street .

20. Sub sector - follows the basic organization pattern of the city .

21. Size of the substructure - social and economic condition

22. The design of the sectors is based on the Prastara layout described in the Vastu Shastra.

23. The sectors are defined by primary street and has strong defined edges. The periphery of the sector is composed of shops on the ground floor and residential and commercial use on higher floors.

24. Entries to the sector are defined by gates located on the intersection of secondary street with the primary ones.

26. distribution according to geometry,

27. central block as auspicious unit

29. Grid : 9 Square grid – primary urban block and layout

30. Orientation of block : Rigidly maintained

31. variation in axis at south – east block . The city’s structure can be described as a grid-iron, based on the orthogonal clustering of nine squares. The major east-west road and three north-west roads divide city seven distinct sectors. One sector that contains the palace precincts, including administrative offices and the observatory, is twice the size of original sector.

34. Sector- Vishweshwarji:- This sector was occupied by Vaishyas in the olden times. The size of the plots and the height of houses are thus according to the proportion

35. Analysis of a residential Unit - Haveli As stated in Vastu Shastra the design of the

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46. 33 m wide

47. Covered walkways on both sides

48. Lined by shops

50. Axis highlighted by gates

51. Form network within the sector creating divisions of mohallas

52. Vary in size of block

54. Geometry is organic formed as residue of built mass

56. Gathering space and market

58. 2. Planning of Sectors: The seven public sector in the city were further conceptually divided according to Prastara plan in Vastu purusha mandala. Sector: Hierarchy is generated through the inhabitants and division of the blocks in terms of sectors. The blocks form the basis of residential units and specialization occurs in form of inhabiting community. The landuse within the sector is uniform with streets forming the market edge. There is no separate block for institution , commercial or open spaces. Thee amenities are integrated within the structure of each block and follow the organization principle. There is no specialized land use or hierarchy other than markets located at the edge of each block . Community amenities are located within the available open spaces and don't influence the structure of the block.