This is a brief description on the 14 principles of Henri Fayol.

1. PIONEERS
By RAJLAXMI, RAHUL
JHA, RAHUL, NAVEEN,
DANISH, ANUBHAV

2. 14 Principles of Management by
Henri Fayol
Henri Fayol was a French mining
engineer.
He was born in Istanbul in 1841 and
passed away in Paris in 1925.
Later he turned out to be a leading industrial and
successful manager.
He wrote a monograph in French in 1916 titled
“General and Industrial Administration”.
He is considered as the Father of Administrative
Management Theory.

3. He presented 14 principles of management as
general guides to the management process and
management practice. They are as follows:-
Division of Work
Work should be divided among individuals and
groups.
It produces more and better work with the same
effort.
Fayol said that work specialization is the best way
to use the human resources of the organisation.

4. Authority and Responsibility
Authority is the right to give orders and the
power to exact obedience.
A manager may exercise formal authority and
also personal power.
Formal authority is derived from his official
position and personal power is the result of
intelligence, experience, moral worth, ability to
lead, etc.
Responsibility is closely related to authority and it
arises wherever authority is exercised. Whoever
assumes authority also assumes responsibility.

5. Discipline
Discipline means obedience to
authority, observance of the rules and norms of
performance, respect for agreements, sincere
efforts for completing the given job, respect for
the superiors and the organization, etc.
The best means of maintaining discipline are
good supervisors at all levels, clear and fair
agreements between the employees and the
employer, and judicious application of penalties.

6. Unity of Command
Each employee should receive instructions about
a particular work from one superior only.
If there were to be more than one superiors, the
employee would be confused due to conflict in
instructions.
Unity of Direction
The entire organization should be moving
towards a common objective in a common
direction.
There should be complete identity between
individual and organizational goals.

7. Subordination of Individual Interest to
General Interest
An individual is always interested in maximizing
his own satisfaction through more
money, recognition, status, etc. It is very often
against the general interest of the organisation.
The interests of an individual should not take
priority over the interests of the organization as a
whole.
Remuneration
Employees should receive fair payment for their
services.

8. It should be based on general business
conditions, cost of living, productivity of the
concerned employees, and the capacity of the
firm to pay.
Fair remuneration increases workers’ efficiency
and boost their morale.
It also plays a vital role in making the relations of
the employees and the management better.
Centralization
Centralization means lowering the role and
importance of the subordinates, and
decentralization means increasing it.

9. The degree of centralization or decentralization
of authority is decided by the management.
It is decided on the basis of the nature of the
circumstances, size of the organization, the type
of activities and the nature of the organizational
structure.
Scalar Chain
It means the hierarchy of authority from the
highest executive to the lowest one for the
purpose of communication.
The information should pass through proper
channels of authority along the scalar chain.

10. But in case of emergency when swift action is
required, proper channels of authority may be
short-circuited by making direct contact with the
concerned authority.
Order
There should be an orderliness in work through
suitable organization of men and materials.
The principle of “right place for everything and
for every man” should be observed by the
management.
For this, there is need for scientific selection of
competent personnel, and correct assignment of
duties to personnel.

11. Equity
Management should treat all its employees as
equally as possible.
Managers should be free from all
prejudices, personal likes or dislikes.
It ensures healthy industrial relations between
management and labour.
Stability of Tenure of Personnel
Workers should be assured of the security of job
by the management.
This is important to motivate them and extract
better work from them.

12. If they fear for job security, their morale will be
low and they cannot give efficient work.
Also, they will not have any sense of attachment
to the organization and they will always be on the
lookout for a job elsewhere.
Initiative
Initiative is one of the most important
satisfactions for an intelligent man to experience.
Managers are advised to give their employees
sufficient scope to show their initiative.
Employees should be encouraged to make all
kinds of suggestions to conceive and carry out
their plans, even when some mistakes result.

13. Esprit de Corps
This term means team spirit.
Harmony and unity among the employees is a
great source of strength to the organization.
To achieve this, the motto of divide and rule
should be avoided. And, verbal communication
should be used for removing
misunderstandings, since differences grow more
bitter when cleared through written
communication.

14. REFERENCES
Wikipedia
managementinnovations.wordpress.com
Principles of Management, 2nd edition – By
P. C. Tripathi and P. N. Reddy