1. DENGUE FEVER
Dr. S. Rajendra
Kumar
Dept. Science &
Humanities
Mookambigai College of
Engineering
http://www.mosquitoage.org/Portals/12/Images/dengue%20virus_em.jpg

2. Dengue fever
What did you know…
VS
What you need to know…

3. Contents
1. What is dengue fever
2. Distribution & History of dengue fever
3. Symptoms of dengue fever
4. Characteristics of the Aedes mosquito
5. Life cycle of the Aedes mosquito
6. How the Aedes mosquito transmit diseases
7. Health issues due to dengue fever
8. Treatment related to Dengue fever
9. How to prevent the spread of dengue fever – Site Control

4. What is dengue fever?
Dengue Fever is an illness caused by
infection with a virus transmitted by the
Aedes mosquito.
Dengue Fever (DF) and Dengue
Haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) are the most
common mosquito-borne viral disease in
the world.
It can be fatal.

5. Symptoms of Dengue Fever
Example of a skin rash due
to dengue fever

6. Dengue is a tropical febrile disease
http://gamapserver.who.int/mapLibrary/Files/Maps/World_DengueTransmission_Extension_2008.png

7. Dengue Fever has a long history…
www.philadelphia-reflections.com/topic/17.htm
992- Chinese
Encyclopedia
1780- Philadelphia
“break-bone fever”
Benjamin Rush

8. Isolated by Albert Sabin in 1944
http://www.notablebiographies.com/images/uewb_09_img0622.jp
g

9. Spread of the vector and the disease
go hand in hand
www.latinamericanstudies.org/Transatlantic.htm
Transatlantic Slave Trade
World War II
http://neatorama.cachefly.net/images/2007-09/world-war-2.jpg

10. …and become a MAJOR pandemic
in the last 50 years
Endemic in more than
1oo countries
2.5 billion
people at risk
www.tatterhood.com/category/gameart/tastyplanet

11. How is it spread??
http://www.metapathogen.com/IMG/Aedes-aegypti.jpg
THE VECTOR: Aedes aegypti

12. Characteristics of the
Aedes Mosquito
One distinct physical
feature – black and
white stripes on its body
and legs.
 Bites during the day.
Lays its eggs in clean,
stagnant water and year Close-up of an Aedes mosquito
around breading
Favourite zone – Tropical regions, Breeding
temperature 16 – 40o C

13. Do you know…
Only the female Aedes mosquito
feeds on blood. This is because
they need the protein found in
blood to produce eggs. Male
mosquitoes feed only on plant
nectar.
On average, a female Aedes
mosquito can lay about 300 eggs
during her life span of 14 to 21
days.

14. Life cycle of the Aedes Mosquito
21 days
1-2 days
Longevity,
Fly range <1/2km
Pupae Larvae Eggs
4-5 days 2-3 days
Eggs Desiccation
Stagnant water for and years

15. How Do Aedes Mosquitoes Transmit
Diseases...
Mosquito bites and sucks And passes the virus
blood containing the virus to healthy people
from an infected person. when it bites them.
Virus is carried in its
body.
Aedes mosquitoes breeding… Dengue Virus infections …

16. Dengue Presentation
Early Stage
 Initially like other viral fever
But later……….
 Fever
 Rash
 Severe headache
 Musculoskeletal pains

17. Dengue Presentations

18. Dengue Presentations - Dengue
Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) / Dengue
Shock Syndrome (DSS)
 Symptoms:
 Plasma leakage
 Hepatomegaly
 Low blood pressure
 Hypovolemic shock
 Death

19. Dengue Presentation - Bleeding
from where?
 Bleeding into skin
 From Gums
 From Nose
 Into our food
passages
 Blood in urine

20. Skin bleeds

21. Bleeding into the eye

22. Large bleed into skin

23. Rare types of Dengue
 Brain fever
 Liver damage
 Heart damage
 Severe bleeding
into stomach

24. What are the tests needed?
 Routine blood test
 Tests to check the clotting
process
 Special tests to identify the
Dengue or its foot marks in our
blood
 Urine to check protein leak

25. Treatment of Dengue
 Supportive measures – Mosquito screen
 Avoid Aspirin and pain killers
 Steroids should not be used
 Plenty of water and salt are required
 Children below 12 require careful watch
for dangerous form
 No antibiotics are of proven value

26. Can we protect ourselves?
 There is no vaccine available as
yet
 But we can prevent the disease by
preventing ourselves from
mosquito bite

27. There is no specific treatment for DHF
http://www.health-res.com/EX/08-01-15/82560-main_Full.jpg
Can only treat the symptoms

28. Aedes mosquito Breeding sites

29. BREEDING SOURCES

30. BREEDING SOURCES

31. Prevent Aedes from Breeding!
Remove ALL sources of
stagnant water.
Deny the Aedes mosquito of any
chance to breed.

32. Angry VHN in action- enemy home
under attack

33. Appears to be complex problem-
but solutions are simpler

34. Keep the unused grinder stone upside
down – Encourage to use as a sitting
stone

35. Washing with bleaching powder
or ash and a brush

36. Lock the concrete mixer in
upside down position after work

37. Covered with cloth

38. All plastic wastes are removed

39. Drilled on allsides

40. How can we stop it?
Mosquito control:
 Improved water
storage – Physical
 Introduction of
mosquito-eating
fish – Biological
 Insecticides -
Chemical

41. How can we stop it?
1. Anti Larval Measures: Treating
breading source with chemical larvicide
“Temephos 50%” EC at the rate of 1ppm
2.Anti Adult Measures: indoor and
outdoor thermal fogging operation
using 1 part of Pyrethrum 2% and 19
parts diesal. Out door: 60 litre of
Pyrethrum, 114 litre diesal are mixed for
fogging

42. Spread the dengue prevention
message to others…
Let your family,
friends and
neighbours know
about the dangers of
breeding Mozzies!!

43. Thank you