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CASE STUDIES
PAKISTAN   SAUDI ARABIA
CHINA      ESTONIA
MEXICO     FIJI
ZIMBABWE SRI LANKA
PAKISTAN
   General Parvez Mushraff led a military coup in
    oct 1999.
   He overthrew the democratically elected govt.
   He declared the chief executive of the country.
   In 2002 he changed his position to president
   Then held a referendum- five years extension
   Media, Human right organisations and
    democratic activist said- referendum was based
    on malpractices and fraud.
   In Aug 2002- he issued Legal Frame Work
    order- amended the constitution of Pakistan.
   According to this order- president can dismiss
    the national or provisional assemblies.
 The work of civilian cabinet supervised by
  national Security Council dominated by military
  officers.
 After passing this law the election held to the
  national and state assemblies.
 The elected representatives have some
  powers.
 But final power rest with military officers and
  General Parvez Mushrraf

(Check this incidents along with the features of
  Democracy and find out which aspects violated)
CHINA
   In China elections are regularly held after every five
    years for electing the Country’s parliament- Quanguo
    Renmin Diabiao Dahui (National peoples congress)
   They have the power to appoint the president
   It have nearly 3ooo peoples elected from all parts
   Some members are elected by the army
   Before contesting the elections the candidates needs
    the approval of Chinese Communist party.
   Only those who member in communist party or eight
    smaller parties allied to it were allowed to contest
    election held in 2002-2003.
   The government is always formed by the communist
    party

(Check this incidents along with the features of Democracy
  and find out which aspects violated)
MEXICO
   Since its independence in 1930, Mexico holds
    elections after every six tears to elect its president.
   The country has never been under military rule or
    dictator rule.
   But until 2000 all election was won by a party called
    PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party)
   Opposition parties did contest the elections but
    never win the election
   The PRI use many dirty tricks to win the election
   All those who employed in govt offices had to attend
    its party meetings.
   Teachers of govt school forced parents to vote PRI
 Media ignored the activities of opposition
  parties except to criticise them.
 Some times the polling booths were shifted
  from one place to another place in the last
  minutes, which made difficult to the people
  cast their votes.
 The PRI spent a large sum of money in the
  campaign for its candidates

    (Check this incidents along with the features
    of Democracy and find out which aspects
    violated)
Saudi Arabia/ Estonia/ Fiji
 Saudi Arabia women do not have the right to
  vote.
 Estonia made its citizenship rules in such a
  way that people belonging to Russian
  minority find it difficult to get the right to vote.
 In Fiji, the electoral system such that the vote
  of an indigenous Fiji has more value than
  that of an Indian Fijian
 (Check this incidents along with the features
  of Democracy and find out which aspects
  violated)
Zimbabwe
   Attained independence from white minority- 1980
   Since then the country has been ruled by ZANU-PF,
    the party led the freedom struggle.
   Leader- Robert Mugabe, has been ruling the country
    since independence.
   Elections have been held regularly- always won-
    ZANU
   President is popular- but uses unfair practices in
    election
   Changed the constitution and increased the power of
    president and makes him less accountable.
   Opposition party workers harassed and disrupted.
 T V and radio were controlled by govt and
  give only ruling party version.
 There are independent news papers but the
  govt harasses those journalists who go
  against this.
 The govt has ignored some court judgments
  and went against it and has pressurised
  judges.

(Check this incidents along with the features
 of Democracy and find out which aspects
 violated)
Try to find out on which aspects are
violated in Democracy and which are
preserved
 Bhutan- King declared that in future he will be
  guided by the advice given to him by elected
  representatives.
 Sri Lanka- Many Tamil workers migrated from
  India were not given to the right to vote.
 Nepal- King imposed a ban on political
  gatherings, demonstrations and rallies.
 Bihar- The Indian Supreme Court held that
  the dissolution of Bihar assembly was
  unconstitutional
 Bangladesh- Political parties agreed that a
  neutral govt should rule the country at the
  time of elections
 Major decision by elected leaders.
 One person, One vote and one value
 Respect for rights
 Rule of law
 Free and fair electoral competitions.

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9 civics 3.8.11

  • 1. CASE STUDIES PAKISTAN SAUDI ARABIA CHINA ESTONIA MEXICO FIJI ZIMBABWE SRI LANKA
  • 2. PAKISTAN  General Parvez Mushraff led a military coup in oct 1999.  He overthrew the democratically elected govt.  He declared the chief executive of the country.  In 2002 he changed his position to president  Then held a referendum- five years extension  Media, Human right organisations and democratic activist said- referendum was based on malpractices and fraud.  In Aug 2002- he issued Legal Frame Work order- amended the constitution of Pakistan.  According to this order- president can dismiss the national or provisional assemblies.
  • 3.  The work of civilian cabinet supervised by national Security Council dominated by military officers.  After passing this law the election held to the national and state assemblies.  The elected representatives have some powers.  But final power rest with military officers and General Parvez Mushrraf (Check this incidents along with the features of Democracy and find out which aspects violated)
  • 4. CHINA  In China elections are regularly held after every five years for electing the Country’s parliament- Quanguo Renmin Diabiao Dahui (National peoples congress)  They have the power to appoint the president  It have nearly 3ooo peoples elected from all parts  Some members are elected by the army  Before contesting the elections the candidates needs the approval of Chinese Communist party.  Only those who member in communist party or eight smaller parties allied to it were allowed to contest election held in 2002-2003.  The government is always formed by the communist party (Check this incidents along with the features of Democracy and find out which aspects violated)
  • 5. MEXICO  Since its independence in 1930, Mexico holds elections after every six tears to elect its president.  The country has never been under military rule or dictator rule.  But until 2000 all election was won by a party called PRI (Institutional Revolutionary Party)  Opposition parties did contest the elections but never win the election  The PRI use many dirty tricks to win the election  All those who employed in govt offices had to attend its party meetings.  Teachers of govt school forced parents to vote PRI
  • 6.  Media ignored the activities of opposition parties except to criticise them.  Some times the polling booths were shifted from one place to another place in the last minutes, which made difficult to the people cast their votes.  The PRI spent a large sum of money in the campaign for its candidates (Check this incidents along with the features of Democracy and find out which aspects violated)
  • 7. Saudi Arabia/ Estonia/ Fiji  Saudi Arabia women do not have the right to vote.  Estonia made its citizenship rules in such a way that people belonging to Russian minority find it difficult to get the right to vote.  In Fiji, the electoral system such that the vote of an indigenous Fiji has more value than that of an Indian Fijian (Check this incidents along with the features of Democracy and find out which aspects violated)
  • 8. Zimbabwe  Attained independence from white minority- 1980  Since then the country has been ruled by ZANU-PF, the party led the freedom struggle.  Leader- Robert Mugabe, has been ruling the country since independence.  Elections have been held regularly- always won- ZANU  President is popular- but uses unfair practices in election  Changed the constitution and increased the power of president and makes him less accountable.  Opposition party workers harassed and disrupted.
  • 9.  T V and radio were controlled by govt and give only ruling party version.  There are independent news papers but the govt harasses those journalists who go against this.  The govt has ignored some court judgments and went against it and has pressurised judges. (Check this incidents along with the features of Democracy and find out which aspects violated)
  • 10. Try to find out on which aspects are violated in Democracy and which are preserved  Bhutan- King declared that in future he will be guided by the advice given to him by elected representatives.  Sri Lanka- Many Tamil workers migrated from India were not given to the right to vote.  Nepal- King imposed a ban on political gatherings, demonstrations and rallies.
  • 11.  Bihar- The Indian Supreme Court held that the dissolution of Bihar assembly was unconstitutional  Bangladesh- Political parties agreed that a neutral govt should rule the country at the time of elections
  • 12.  Major decision by elected leaders.  One person, One vote and one value  Respect for rights  Rule of law  Free and fair electoral competitions.