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The Farmer, the Worker,
and the Businessman
The Changing Economy
The Industrial Revolution
From Cottage Industry
To Factory
1883 Chicago World’s Fair
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Business Forms
 The sole proprietorship
 The partnership
 The franchise
 The chartered company
 The corporation
 Why the corporation?
The invention of the railroad made the
existing system inadequate
The Corporation
 Hierarchy
 Cost accounting
 Professional managers
 Shareholders
 Ownership through stock
 Vertical integration
Carnegie Steel
Inequality
 Horatio Alger
 Social Darwinism
 Bad working conditions
 “Deskilling”
 Extremes of wealth and poverty
The
Gilded
Age
“Robber Barons”
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Immigration
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Why did people
immigrate?
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
“Give me your tired, your poor,
Your huddled masses, yearning to breath free,
The wretched refuse of your teeming shore,
Send these, the homeless, tempest tost to me,
I lift my lamp beside the golden door. “
~ The Statute of Liberty
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Labor Unions
The Origins of the
Labor Union
 Unions in the early republic and antebellum era
 The Knights of Labor, 1869
 The American Federation of Labor, 1886
 Industrial Workers of the World, 1905
 Union differences:
 Skilled v. unskilled
 Moderates v. radicals
The Demands
 Moderates:
 Better wages
 Shorter hours
 Better benefits
 Better working conditions
 Radicals
 The overthrow of the capitalist system
Tactics
What tactics did labor unions have available to them?
The Great Railroad Strike of 1877
The Haymarket Riot, 1886
The Ludlow Massacre, 1914
Discussion
“Triumphant Democracy” and “What Does the
Working Man Want?”
The Populists
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
Farmers’ Solutions
 Education
 Cooperatives
 Political action
 Organizations
 The Grange
 The Farmer’s Alliance
 The Populist Party
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
The Populist Party
The Omaha Platform of 1892
What was the most famous
speech in American history?
William Jennings Bryan’s
“Cross of Gold” speech, 1896
Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman
The Farmers’ Movement and
the Workers’ Movement
What were some similarities and differences?

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Lecture 3: The Farmer, the Worker, and the Businessman