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Design proposal for a Taoist Temple on a site in Beijing, overlooking the Great Wall.
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Taoist Temple, Beijing
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白云上院设计概念
2012-11
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21世纪的今日,道观不仅是供奉神灵,祈福求运的场所,在物欲横流, 道德缺失,信仰迷失的世俗世界里,人们迫切地需要一个场所体验心灵 的洗涤,聆听教诲,修身,正念。 我们认为道观应是一个对话的场所: 与神明(向上),与自然(四周环抱),与内心(向内)。 白云上院坐落在怀柔鹞子峪的一道静谧的山沟里,这里是明代古白云观的 遗址所在。围绕着一棵30米高的巨大银杏树的气场笼罩着整个山谷。站在 树下南望,近处是绿色的树木覆盖的山谷,时有巨石点缀, 少有人迹,原 生态保留很好,远处是群山峻岭和蜿蜒的长城, 令人心旷神怡。这一自然 环境本身已经具有神圣的意味,任何过多的添加都会破坏这里的“气”。
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基于此,我们认为本道观应遵循四个原则: • 视整个沟域(从入口处到银杏树大约200米)为道观范围,
强调整体氛围的营造; • 从银杏树远望的视线非常重要,因为整体景观是“无形之观” 中不可或缺的部分,实体建筑不应遮挡视线; • 主殿建筑尽可能隐入自然,不要有过于具体的形体突出在外; • 形式上不刻意追求与古典寺院形式的复制。尽可能追求在精神 层面对道教的诠释。
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初始设计意图草稿
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道观核心:上院主殿设计意图 主殿: 福之洞天 道家讲究洞天福地的修持效果。洞天:道家的空间意境:既与尘世隔绝, 又与自然融合,集天地之气。 圆形“福之洞天”:圆形带有一种合一的意境,是人造空间与自然最为贴近的形式 六十四圆卦,阴阳太极符等都是以圆形为依托。 主殿是一座“无形”的建筑,是一座“隐观”:道法自然。 隐道于无形中。 利用山势的坡度,在避免大量挖掘土方的同时,使建筑与山融为一体,顶部 为与周边山石草木一体化的自然形态。 对设计方案的解释
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道观核心:上院主殿设计意图 光: 光源之于天,光是神灵的语言,它通过四季,时辰,阴晴圆缺传达 不同的信息。在圆形大厅里,没有直接的窗子,光源是从顶上的天窗透过8个 半透明的光柱,漫射在圆形的大厅, 体现出宇宙能量从内到外的发散。 人们可以进入光柱内打坐静修。 光柱内甚至可以有鸟语花香,从半透明的柱壁上看摇曳的光影,象征生命自然。 天窗可以打开以达到通风换气的目的。 大厅顶部是一个较小的带有阴阳图案的圆形天窗,通过阳光将太极符直接投射 入主殿。 主殿可以容纳150
– 200人的法式活动。主殿两侧有独立的空间,可用于静修 打坐或供奉其他神灵。 对设计方案的解释
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模拟光柱 效果
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半透光营造出神圣,神秘的效果
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芬兰岩石教堂
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八卦柱阵: 1 2 4
16 32 64 宇宙万千变化的构成
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对设计方案的解释
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融于山脉的理念
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银杏台与藏经楼及寝宿区/VIP会客区 从圆形主殿的侧面有楼梯直接通往银杏台。这种从暗到明,从局促到 豁然开朗的变化是很重要的体验。 千年古树在整个道观中具有神灵象征的意义。 而站在树下极目远望使精神得到升华是整个修行的重要环节。 由于银杏台要向大众开放,因此原计划后面一层的VIP会客室会受到干扰。 我们建议一层为挑空,沿山石刻画一幅长卷壁画(类似永乐宫朝元图)。 二层为藏经楼和研修室。 道观主持寝宿区/VIP会客区在西北侧依山建造 对设计方案的解释
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