1. Visual Dictionary

2. Air Barrier Paper Commonly known as a “house wrap”, this white sheet material is permeable to water vapor but not liquid water. Air barrier paper serves as temporary protection from weather elements during the construction of a building.

3. Attic Ventilation Materials Soffit Vent- ideal for drawing cool, fresh air into the attic Ridge Vent- installed at the peak of a sloped roof which allows warm, humid air to escape the attic

4. Attic Ventilation Materials (Cont’d) Gable Vent- mounted in the top of the gable to allow the passage of air through the attic. Roof Turbine- Exhaust moist, hot air from the attic

5. Back Hoe a piece of excavating equipment or digger consisting of a digging bucket on the end of a two-part arm Bucket width was 4 feet

6. Batter Boards is one of a pair of horizontal boards nailed to posts set at the corners of an excavation, used to indicate the desired level, also as a fastening for stretched strings to indicate outlines of foundation walls.

7. Brick Arches Roman Arch- a brick structure that spans a space while supporting weight Segmental Arch- an arch with inner bricks that form a semicircular pattern Arch with a Keystone- a keystone is the stone at the top of the arch that connects the arch Centering- the structure upon which the stones of arches are laid during construction.

8. Brick Bonds Running Brick Bond- bricks are simply laid out in rows end to end, in the running bond pattern Flemish Brick Bond- it is created by alternately laying headers and stretchers in a single course

9. Brick Bonds (Cont’d) Rowlock Stretcher Soldier

10. Brick Bonds (Cont’d) Header Sailor

11. Brick Sizes Modular Brick- were introduced to make it easier to insert standard sizes of doors and windows into walls; Dimensions: 3.5 x 2.25 x 7.5 inches Standard Brick- typical mortar brick; Dimensions: 3.625 x 2.25 x 8 inches

12. Bulldozer Caterpillar tracked tractor that is equipped with a substantial metal plate, used to push large quantities of soil, sand, and rubble during construction work

15. Wood Shingle- wooden roof coverings

16. Wood Shakes- wooden shingles made from split logs

18. Concrete Joints Control Joint- a groove cut into the surface of the concrete that allows some cracking to occur in the joint and not be readily visible Isolation joint- Joints that isolate the slab from a wall, column or drainpipe This isolation joint was separating a beam

19. Concrete Masonry Unit CMU is a large rectangular brick used in construction Typical Dimensions: 8’’ x 8’’ x 16’’

20. Decorative Concrete Masonry Units Split Block Ribbed Block

21. Doors Sidelight Flush Transom

23. Electrical Components Power Pole- used to support both electric power distribution lines and telecommunications cables, as well as their associated equipment Transformer Box- a device that transfers electrical energy from one circuit to another through inductively coupled conductors—the transformer's coils Service Head- is a weatherproof entry point for above-ground electrical wiring or telephone lines into a home or business Meter- is a device that measures the amount of electrical energy supplied to or produced by a residence, business or machine

24. Electrical Components (Cont’d) Service Panel- a component of an electricity supply system which divides an electrical power feed into subsidiary circuits Duplex Receptacle- connectors used for mains electricity

25. Framing Elements 1) Anchor Bolt 2) Sill Plate 3) Floor Joists

26. Framing Elements (Cont’d) 4) Subflooring 5) Sole Plate 6) Stud

27. Framing Elements (Cont’d) 7) Top Plate 8) Ceiling Joist and 9) Rafter 10) Roof Decking

28. Framing Elements (Cont’d) 11) Sheathing 12) Stringer

29. Front End Loader is a heavy equipment machine (often used in construction) that is primarily used to "load" material into or onto another type of machinery

30. Gypsum Board Gypsum Board- constructing interior walls and ceilings using panels made of gypsum plaster pressed between two thick sheets of paper, then kiln dried.

31. Heat Pump Advantage: can change conditions rapidly and also control humidity Disadvantage: they are noisy and difficult to zone Compressor/Condenser- the exterior unit of heat pump. A fan pulls air across a line of refrigerant and changes temperature. This adds heat for the winter and is reversed in the summer to let heat out Air Handling Unit- moves and conditions air through duct work. A fan sucks in new and return air and re-circulates it

32. Insulation Insulation: A material that has a low thermal conductivity. Used to reduce heat flow in a building. Keeps building warm in the winter and cool in the summer. Batt Blanket Loose Fill

33. Insulation (Cont’d) Foamed Rigid Board

34. Lintel Lintel: A beam that carries the load of a wall over the opening such as a door or window

35. Mortar Mortar #1: Extruded Tooled Joint ½ ‘’ Joint Apartment Building Possibly Type N Mortar Mortar #2: Concave Troweled Joint ¼’’ Joint Retaining Wall on Campus Possibly Type O Mortar

36. Oriented Strand Board A non-veneered building panel composed of long shreds of wood fiber oriented in specific directions bonded together under pressure.

37. Plumbing Lavatory- 1 ½’’ Drainage Pipe Water Closet- 3’’ Drainage Pipe Shower and Tub Unit

38. Plumbing (Cont’d) VTR (Vent Through Roof)- Part of drainage system, the vent allows air to flow and noxious gases to escape Sink- Flush mount sink

39. Plywood Plywood: a wood panel composed of an odd number of layers of wood veneer bound together under pressure Veneer: a thin layer, sheet, or facing. Made from slicing thin pieces from a tree

40. Radiant Barrier Radiant Barrier: a reflective foil placed adjacent to an airspace in roof or wall assemblies as a deterrent to the passage of infrared energy This barrier reduces heating and cooling costs.

41. Rebar The rebar shown is #4 ½’’ The deformations on the bars are made so that when the bars are embedded in concrete, there is more surface area for the concrete to hold onto, increasing the strength of the bond

42. Steep Roof Drainage Gutter- channel that collects rainwater runoff Downspout- metal tube that carries rainwater from gutter to ground

43. Seep Roof Drainage (Cont’d) Splashblock- a piece of plastic or other durable material that is laid under downspout. Diverts water from base of the house

44. Steep Roof Materials Roof Underlayment: protects the roof sheathing and structure from moisture Wood Shingle Roof: Shingle- small units of water resistant materials laid onto roof in overlapping patterns to make roof watertight

45. Steep Roof Materials (Cont’d) Clay Tile Roof Performed Metal Roof: typically made from galvanized or aluminum steel

46. Steep Roof Shapes Gable Roof Hip Roof

47. Steep Roof Shapes (Cont’d) Gambrel Roof Mansard Roof

48. Steep Roof Terms Rake- The sloping edge of a steep roof Fascia – horizontal surface which spans across the top of columns Eave- the horizontal edge of a sloping roof slope

49. Steep Roof Terms (Cont’d) Valley- a trough formed by the intersection of two roof slopes Ridge- where two roof panels meet Soffit – the horizontal underside of an overhang

50. Stone Random Rubble Coursed Rubble Random Ashlar Coursed Ashlar

51. Vapor Retarder Vapor Retarder- a layer of material intended to obstruct the passage of water vapor through a building assembly Most commonly put on the warm side of the building during the winter

52. Waterproofing Waterproofing: an impervious membrane applied to the outside of a foundation. Used to prevent water from leaking into the building. The waterproofing here is fully adhered

53. Weep Hole Weep Hole- a small opening whose purpose is to permit drainage of water that accumulates inside a building component or wall assembly

54. Weld Wire Fabric This weld wire fabric measures 6” x 6”

55. Windows Awning- This is an awning because it swings open from bottom up Casement: this is an out-swinging casement window because it is hinged along the side of the window Single-Hung- this is single-hung because one panel can move up and down. One window slides up and down on track