The document discusses how traditional definitions of literacy are outdated and how 21st century literacies require skills such as using technology, collaborating online, and managing multiple streams of information. It analyzes Vygotsky's views on how writing should be taught meaningfully through social interaction, not just focusing on mechanics. The author argues that technology can be used to create a "zone of proximal development" for students to develop 21st century literacies by interacting with others online and gaining experience with technology in a meaningful way rather than just for accessing curriculum.