2. -1771 “Knitting Schools” - 1844 society of crèche's
- 1825 “sallesd’aisle” - 1869 crèche's remained
- 1881 law established privatized
- 1921 class enfantine - Post WWII
- Post WWII - 1970 to 1990

3. -Preschools “Ecolesmaternelles”
- almost all children from age three to six and a third of two year olds are
enrolled in France
- French preschools are integrated into the primary school
- 1989 children from age 3 has a right to a place in a
neighbourhoodecolematernelle
- These preschools do not charge fees
- separate buildings adjacent to an elementary school
-Three Levels of Preschool: petite section(3 yr olds), moyenne section(4 yr
olds) and grande section(5 yr olds).
- “Bridging Activities” to assist in transition from home to school

5. Underlying Philosophy
One’s beliefs and attitude. Related to ECE, one’s ideas about
how children learn, and how ECEs teach.
EcoleMaternelle:
Autonomy Development and Socialization (Begins at age two)
EcolePrimaire:
Phonetic Methodology (Reading Skills) (Begins at age six)
Canada’s Philosophy

6. History And Evolution
-1628- The thought of child care was introduced
-Child care was introduced in France in 1840
-Taking part in the 19th century in European cities and
industrial centers
-Servants, mammies, and wet nurses provided care
-Social class determined type of child care.
-1914 women started to join work force
-1980’s onwards childcare outside of the home increased
-1980- child care subsidy put into place

7. Child Care Support Systems
France &Canada
Both countries provide child care support in their own ways
Canada:
-The provincial government is one of the main ones that legislate & make decisions
-Provincial governments in each province/territory decide on what subsidize to give
each child care
-Lower income families receive payments monthly
: Family allowance
-
Parents can also receive Canada child tax benefit
: Money is usually spent on child care costs

8. Child Care Support Systems
France:
 At a national point: A large amount of money is for the care of young children
Crèches-
- They are funded by local authorities
-Depending on their income some families must pay an additional fee
- Family allowance has a scale that ranges between 8% and 12% of the family’s
income
Day nurseries-
- The price of the Day nursery depends on the parental income & the number of
hours the child is at the nursery

9. Child Care Support Systems
Cont. France
Child- Mining-
- Nounou’s are paid monthly from parents with a pay slip
- Parents pay them a take home salary
: The state pays their social, health, & retirement benefits
-For low income families
: The URSSAF can also contribute to the cost of the nounou’s salary
A Fact-
- Around 80% of French child care centers are covered by public funds

10. Roles & Training of an ECE
In France
• Earn a University degree
• Teacher based training
• Teacher institute

11. Roles & Training of an ECE
In Ontario
• Earn a College diploma
• Earn a University degree
• Updated police checks, medical shots, first aid training

12. Availability and Accessibility Of Early
Childhood Education in France
• “The report describes a system largely financed by tax revenue: a blend of
child care, education and health services based on free full-day preschool
programs, subsidized day-care centers and licensed care in private homes
for infants and toddlers. The noncompulsory preschool programs, which
serve nearly 90 percent of French children 3 to 5 years old, offer language
arts, exercise, crafts and play.” -New York Times
• Most daycare centres in France are open 11 hours a day, closed only for one month over summer
period, as well as on public holidays
• In Paris, new infant-toddler daycare centres being opened at rate of two a month, and French
Government is donating money to municipalities to expand availability of centers and family day
care
• Due to stiff competition for qualified daycare, many parents end up hiring private nanny for
their child/children
• All French cities and towns in France offer this service however rural localities may have limited
number of places and in big cities such as Paris, demand often outstrips availability.
• France also has widespread system made of adults who care for infants and toddlers in their
homes;report says about 75 percent of family day-care providers licensed compared with 10
percent in United States
• No matter where in France you are living, parents strongly advised to put their name down for
daycare opportunities well in advance; first thing a family in France does as soon as they find out
they are expecting