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Pregnancy in women who have epilepsy Neurology clinics 2004
[object Object],[object Object]
Birth control in women on AED ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Fetal anti-convulsant syndrome ,[object Object]
Minor anomalies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Major malformations ,[object Object],[object Object]
1-3.8% (VPA) 0.5-1.0% (CBZ) 0.06% Neural tube defect 1.7% 0.7% Urogenital defect 1.4% 0.15% Cleft lip /palate  1.5-2.0% 0.5% Congenital heart Infants of women who have epilepsy General population
Neural tube defects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
AED poly-therapy and pregnancy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Which AED is safe? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
47-70 Cleft maxillary palate 36 Cleft lip Face 42 VSD Heart  28 days Neural tube defect CNS Postconceptional age malformations Tissue Timing and developmental pathology of certain malformations
Neuro-developmental outcome ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Cause of anticonvulsant embryopathy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Seizure in pregnancy ,[object Object],[object Object]
Altered free fraction; increased availability of drug for hepatic extraction Decreased maternal alb Altered systemic absorption and hepatic elimination Altered cytochrome P 450 activity ^renal clearance of unchanged drug ^Renal blood flow and GFR ^hepatic blood flow leading to ^ elimination ^cardiac output  Decreased elimination of lipid soluble drugs ^Fat stores Altered drug distribution ^total body water, extracellular fluid Consequences Parameter Physiologic changes during pregnancy; effects on drug disposition
In brief  ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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Pregnancy in women who have epilepsy

  • 1. Pregnancy in women who have epilepsy Neurology clinics 2004
  • 2.
  • 3.
  • 4.
  • 5.
  • 6.
  • 7. 1-3.8% (VPA) 0.5-1.0% (CBZ) 0.06% Neural tube defect 1.7% 0.7% Urogenital defect 1.4% 0.15% Cleft lip /palate 1.5-2.0% 0.5% Congenital heart Infants of women who have epilepsy General population
  • 8.
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. 47-70 Cleft maxillary palate 36 Cleft lip Face 42 VSD Heart 28 days Neural tube defect CNS Postconceptional age malformations Tissue Timing and developmental pathology of certain malformations
  • 12.
  • 13.
  • 14.
  • 15. Altered free fraction; increased availability of drug for hepatic extraction Decreased maternal alb Altered systemic absorption and hepatic elimination Altered cytochrome P 450 activity ^renal clearance of unchanged drug ^Renal blood flow and GFR ^hepatic blood flow leading to ^ elimination ^cardiac output Decreased elimination of lipid soluble drugs ^Fat stores Altered drug distribution ^total body water, extracellular fluid Consequences Parameter Physiologic changes during pregnancy; effects on drug disposition
  • 16.