GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM

1. A Seminar on
GLOBAL POSITIONING SYSTEM
(GPS)
By:
Pratik Patil
M. Tech VLSI Design & Embedded Systems
KLES Dr. MSSCET, Belgaum

2. Contents
• What is GPS?
• History
• GPS Devices
• Working
• Applications
• Advantages and Disadvantages

3. What is GPS?
•The Global Positioning System(GPS) is a space based satellite
navigation system that provides location and time
information in all weather, anywhere on or near the Earth,
where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more
GPS satellites.
•GPS was created and realised by the US department of
defence and was originally run by 24 satellites.

4. HISTORY
• The design of GPS is based partly on
similar ground-based radio navigation
systems such as LORAN(LOng RAnge
Navigation) and The Decca Navigator
developed in 1940’s and used during
WW II.
• Friedwardt Winterberg proposed a
test of general relativity using accurate
atomic clocks placed in orbit inside
artificial satellite without which the
GPS would not be possible.

5. GPS DEVICES
•The GPS features three major components
• Satellite system
•The hand-held device called receivers.
•GPS satellites fly in circular or near circular orbits
at an altitude of about 20,200 km and with a
period of 12 hours.
•Powered by solar cells, the satellites continuously
orient themselves to point their solar panels
toward the sun and their antenna toward the
earth.
•The GPS Receivers may be Hand held, Car in-built,
Portable navigation, Marine GPS, etc.

7. WORKING
•Suppose the distance from Satellite A to our
position is 11,000 miles
• At this point we could be located anywhere on
+
Satellite A the specified sphere
•Next, let us take another measurement from a second
+
Satellite B satellite, Satellite B
•Now our position is narrowed down to the intersection of theses
two sphere

8. Working
Satellite A
+
Satellite C
Satellite B +
+
•Taking another measurement from a 3rd satellite
narrows our position down even further, to the
two points
•These points are located where the 3rd sphere
cuts through the intersection of first two spheres
•So by ranging from 3 satellites we can narrow our position to
just two points in space
•More precise results can be acquired by considering
measurement of the 4th satellite.

9. APPLICATIONS
Originally a military project, GPS is considered a dual-use
technology, meaning it has significant military and civilian
applications.
The two main applications of the GPS systems in are
• Navigation
• Tracking

10. Vehicle Tracking System
Why Vehicle Tracking System?
•Fuel and Power Saving
•Effective Fleet Control
•Instantaneous Fuel Level Monitoring
•Decreasing the Accident Risk
•Driver and Load Security
•Evaluation of Drivers Performance
•Monitoring the Delivery Time
•Safer Vehicle Renting

11. Vehicle Tracking System
 Logistics, Cargo,
Distribution,
Transportation
Fleet management
School and Employment
VTS can alert when vehicle is
approaching
 Public Service
VTS avoids misusage
 Railroads
VTS can monitor the wagons
online
 Private Yatches and
Fishing Boats
VTS locates the vehicle in
case of emergency
 Police
Communication with
other vehicles
 Rent a Car Firms
Monitor the vehicle in
agreement terms
 Working Vehicle
Monitoring vehicle which
project they are working

12. Advantages of GPS Systems
•GPS is extremely easy to navigate as it tells you to the direction for each turns you take or
you have to take to reach to your destination.
• GPS works in all weather conditions.
•The most attractive feature of this system is its100% coverage on the planet.
•Due to its low cost, it is very easy to integrate into other technologies like cell phone.
Disadvantages
•If you are using GPS on a battery operated device, there may be a battery failure and you
may need a external power supply which is not always possible.
•Sometimes the GPS signals are not accurate due to some obstacles to the signals such as
buildings, trees, Mountains and sometimes by extreme atmospheric conditions such as
geomagnetic storms.