Plant Biotech

1. Team NRDC Presentation Series
Board Room, NRDC, New Delhi
Dated 08 July 2009
Business Prospects in
Agri Biopesticides and
Biofertilizers
By ,
Prabuddh Mishra
Consultant ( BD II )
National Research Development Corporation

2. Responsibilities
Commercialization of Agri biotechnologies
Evaluation of R&D Files from Agriculture
Companies
Feasibility report
Desk research for new technologies
Proposals and technical reports

3. Methodologies in Business
Development
Understanding the technology in commercial
parameters.
Desk research for new technologies
Desk research for business prospects for a
particular technology
Make pre feasibility report

4. Lessons learned
Be patient
Make and maintain personal contacts with companies –
large and small
Set up open communications
Don’t fall in love with the technology
Offer solutions not technologies
Work on multiple projects simultaneously
Keep new projects in the “pipeline”

5. Agri Biotech era includes
following technologies
Biofertilizers
Biopesticides
GMOS ( Seeds )
Plant Tissue Culture
Plant Based Phyto-chemicals
Algae Farming
Mushroom Farming
Animal /Plant ( ELISA KITS)
Biofuels

6. Biofertilizers
The term Biofertilizer is made up of two words .
“Bio” means living , and “Fertilizer” means a
product which provides nutrients in usable form
It contains mainly bacterial or fungal cells ,
which on application help in fixing or
solubilizing the nutrients presents in air or in soil
Biofertilizer and Organic manure are different
things

7. Present and last Nine year
Biofertilizer Production in India
20000
18000
16000
14000
12000
10000
8000 Capacity
6000 Production
4000
2000
0
19 19 19 19 19 19 19 20 20
92- 93- 94- 95- 96- 97- 98- 01- 03-
93 94 95 96 97 98 99 02 04
Source :
National Biofertilizer Development Centre Ghaziabad .

8. Zone wise Biofertilizer production
and consumption during 2005-06
16000
14000
12000
10000
Production
8000
Consumption
6000
4000
2000
0
East West North South
Source :
National Biofertilizer Development Centre Ghaziabad .

9. Future Prospects Biofertilizers
BCIL estimates about 344,800 tones of biofertilizers need in
India but production capacity is only 18,000 tones
Product quality should be good as end consumers are farmers
Organic farming is growing now days , so it’s a good demand in
this field , the present organically produced fruits and vegetables
are at the global level is valued at $ 27 million .
Indian biofertilizer companies are exporting 60 % of there
product and rest of 40 % is consume in India
Farmers in USA and Europe are well aware of Biofertilizer

10. Biopesticides
Biopesticides are naturally occurring substances that control pests
(biochemical pesticides), microorganisms that control pests
(microbial pesticides), and pesticidal substances produced by plants
containing added genetic material (plant-incorporated protectants)
also know as PIPs
Biopesticides, particularly microbial Biopesticides, have virtually all
the health safety and environmental properties that one would desire
in a pesticide
Microbial insecticides are come from naturally-occurring bacteria,
fungi, viruses.

11. Biopesticides and their uses
Biopesticide Source Nature Nature Used against Crops
Type benefited
Natural Plants – Biochemicals Antifeedant, Growth Insect pest Horticultural,
product Neem regulation, oviposition and plantation and
Vitex Garlic mating. disruption plain crops
Microbials Bacteria Bacillus Infection Insect pests
thuringiensis(
Bt)
B.sphaericus, ,
Pseudomonas Antibiosis Disease
Virus Nuclear Infection resulting in Insect pest
Polyhedrosis epizootics
Viruses, GV,
Fungi Beauveria, Infection resulting in Insect pests
Metarhizium, epizootics
Paecilomyces,
Nomuraea
Trichoderma Antagonism and Antibiosis Fungal disease
Gliocladium of plants
Protozoa Nosema, Epizootics Insect pests.
Thelohania,
Vairimorpha
Pheromones Pheromones Biochemicals Mating disruption, lure and kill, or Insect pest
insect monitoring strategies
:
Genes or Desired Biochemicals Confer tolerance of herbicide Insect pest and
Plant- genes from a application or resistance to disease
pesticide : known attack by viruses or insects
source

12. Agriculture - The Changing facets
Past : Origin of Agriculture, Pesticides and Chemicalisation
– A History
Present : It has become customary out of necessity
conceived through individual thoughts to talk about
hazardous nature of chemical usage in agriculture and
compare it with biologicals as if the later have no ill-effect –
A view
Future : It was therefore thought fit at this juncture when
agriculture stands in the cross roads of chemicals and
biologicals to talk about a synergy of both – A concept

13. Availability of Biopesticides
About 680 products of different microbials are
currently available worldwide
In India about 16 commercial preparations of Bt (
Bacillus thuringiensis) , 38 fungal formulations based
on Trichoderma,Metarhizium,Beauveria and about 45
baculovirus-based formulations of Helicoverpa and
spodoptera are available
Microbial biopesticide are likely to replace at least 20 %
of chemical pesticides
Source –DBT ,Delhi

14. Future business prospects -
Biopesticides
In India , the annual estimate damage ( 20%-30%)
caused by pests ,diseases and weeds in various crops in
the field and stored grains was Rs. 60-70 billion in 1983
.
The present price estimates is around 600 billion
That’s why in 2005 ,pesticides worth Rs 27 billion were
used in India
Biopesticides are likely have a greater impact on the
insecticide sector .
Source –DBT ,Delhi

15. Cont.1
Some analyst believe that Biopesticides will account for
15 % of the total insecticide market by 2010 .
There is a growing demand for organically cultivated
fresh and process fruits and vegetables .
The current consumption of organically produced fruits
and vegetables at the global level is valued at Rs 27
billion .
Source –DBT ,Delhi

16. Cont.2
The APEDA ( Agricultural Produces Export
Development Agency ) of the Union Commerce
Ministry had proposed to export organic food at a value
of Rs 1500 billion annually during eleventh five year
plan
This would require enormous efforts to produce and
use Biopesticides in the context of Integrated Pest
Management .
The growth rate of Biopesticides for the next ten years
has been forecast at 10% to 15 % in contrast to 2.5 %
for chemical pesticides
Source – DBT ,Delhi

17. GMOs ( Seeds )
Genetic Modified Organism ( GMO) is that in which
the basic genetic material ( DNA) has been artificially
altered or modified to improve the attributes or make
it perform new functions
Transgenic crops ( GMOs) really plays vital role to
sustain in tough climatic conditions like limited water ,
poor land condition ,drought ,heat and saline soil
conditions .
Bt cotton minimizes the use of chemical pesticides .

18. Potential benefits of Transgenic
Crops
Potential Benefits Availability of
Pest Resistance more crops
Herbicide Resistance
Stress (Cold/drought)
Tolerance Better quality
Delayed ripening Improved Cheaper Food Products
Farming
More Food
Improvement
Increased Nutrition In Health
Reduced use of
Plant Pharmaceuticals Chemicals & Herbicides

19. Global Transgenic Scenario
After successful implementation of bt gene in cotton ,
now days Seed companies are ready to launch Bt Brinjal
,Bt Cabbage and bt cauliflower .
This is again very helpful in minimizing use of chemical
pesticides in vegetables.
They are also involve in molecular marker based
breeding in crops to achieve traits like salt tolerance
,draught tolerance , anti allergic etc instead of existing
methods of field based conventional plant breeding

22. GMOs in USA
Source – Wikipedia

24. Biofuels
Fossil fuels are depleting day by day and
are expected to finish in 2035
( Global report by NREL)
Global warming and Climate change.
India imports about 74% of liquid fuels
To make India independent in liquid fuels

25. Types of Biofuels
Biodiesel
Bioethanol
Biogas
Jet fuel
Bio-Wax
Coal Bricks based on Husk
Syn gas from Biogasifires
Biocells

26. Research Scenario in Biofuel
segment
Algae based Biodiesel and Jet fuel
Biorefinary
Cellulosic Bioethanol and Biobutanol
Biogas production from Jatropha seed cake
Other Phytochemicals which are useful in
pharmaceuticals industry .

27. Biorefinary (Technology Base )
Petroleum Refineries Biorefinary
a. Distillation a. Biomass fractionation
b. Thermo chemical b. Industrial
c. Process Biotechnology
d. Inorganic catalyst c. Fermentation
d. Enzymes
(Biocatalysts)

28. Biorefinary products
Cellulosic bioethanol Biplastics
Biodiesel Fine and bulk
Biogas chemicals
Syngas Oleo chemicals
Organic manure Biowax
Jet biofuel Glycerin

29. Algae Farming
Now days Algae also have many business prospects .

30. Cont.
We can also make biofertilizer from Blue Green
Algae .
Some companies are involve in making oleo
chemicals from algae which have pharmaceutical
value in international market
As a Nutraceutical product spirulina and
chlorella are cultivating commercially by big
players .

31. Plant based Phytochemicals
These are the chemicals derived from plants .
They have wide applications like bio-pesticides ,
larvicide's , medicines etc .
They are decomposable , so very good for environment
.
Recently we have a Plant based Mosquito Larvacide
technology from IARI ,Delhi .

32. NRDC Role in Agri Biotechnologies
We are promoting these green technologies in
India for the welfare of society .
Recently we have given project to NICD,Delhi
and IARI Pusa to generate bio-efficacy data for
Neema Gel and Plant Based Larvacide
technology .
We are always looking for new biotechnologies
to improve agriculture in India .

33. Achievements
Recently we have successfully transfer Mosquito
proof Desert Cooler Technology to five
companies .
We are in talk with Agro Chemicals Policy group
to implement Biofertilizer and Biopesticides in
chemical manufacturing companies .
Some Biofuels based companies also shown
their keen interest in green technologies .

34. THANKS …
In case of any queries
please contact –
pmishra@nrdc.in