Introducing Innovation

that Upgrade the Quality of
Performance

Dr.Essam N. Selim - Innovations in
5/9/2009
Broadcast Technology

Future Vision of Broadcasting

Future Vision of Broadcasting

Convergence & Integration

Content Competitiveness

Broadcast Technology 5/9/2009

Gone is the analog

broadcasting era with its
one-way communication
system; here now is the
new digital media era, in
which the communication
pattern is rapidly changing
and constantly improving
the two-way
communication system.


At the heart of innovation in

broadcasting technology is the
convergence between
broadcasting and
telecommunication
technology, a convergence Content
which has made the present
multicasting environment
possible.
Network

The broadcasting environment
of the future will have a theme
Service-
of co-existence: content,
Providers
network and service-providers
will all co-exist, while actively
competing against each other.


One can say that Under the new
 
 circumstances of
 providing viewers with high
 multimedia and
quality programming is the
multichannel, Viewers now
most basic mission of
have a greater number of
broadcasting. choices when it comes to
meeting their needs.
Thus, as it has in the past and

 In response, broadcasting
the present, the most
companies need to improve
important factor in the
their program competitiveness.
communication process
 So, in the unlimited
between communicator and competitiveness structure of
viewers in the future the multicasting
environment, the focus should
broadcasting environment
always be on how to produce
will remain better high quality programs

and more effective ways to
programming content.

deliver
 them to their viewers.


Due to the appearance of new

media, such as
cable, satellite, digital
media, etc., we are now living
in a multimedia, multichannel
environment.
This innovative development of

communication technology has
made us redefine the concept
and substance of broadcasting
and rethink the function and
role of broadcasting.
Under these circumstances, we

need to sincerely think about
broadcasting's
identity, function and social
value.


In the ubiquitous

broadcasting
environment, there are
several potential negative
side effects. Privacy, for
one, will be a bigger
concern in the future. They
need to protect the private
information of their
viewers. Along those
lines, they must make sure
proper security systems are
in place to protect software
and hardware from dangers
like viruses and hackers.


A Virtual studio is a

television studio that
allows the real-time
combination of people
and computer
generated
environments and
objects in a seamless,
Virtual reality-like
manner.
A key point of a virtual

studio is that the
camera can move
freely in 3D space.


There exist many technical

solutions for creating virtual
studios, but most of them include
the following components:
Camera tracking that uses either

optical or mechanical
measurements to create a live
stream of data describing the
exact perspective of the camera.
Real-time rendering

software, that uses the camera
tracking data and generates a
synthetic image of a television
studio.
A video mixer, which combines the

video from the camera with the
video from the real-time rendering
software to produce a final video
output. One of the most common
ways to mix the video to replace a
chroma key background. Dr.Essam N. Selim - Innovations in

A major difference

between a virtual studio
and the bluescreen
special effects used in
movies is that the
computer graphics is
rendered in real-
time, removing the need
for any post production
work, and allowing it to
be used in live
broadcasts.
Virtual Studio can easily

be integrated into any
existing studio.


A colour TV camera

with a wide angle lens;
High-precision

position measurement
arm (FARO).
A robotic arm with

high precision digital
encoders in each joint.
The arm’s control box

computes the position
of the end-effector;


The virtual studio

technology is available
now at many of TV
studios.
This is due to its state-

of-the-art camera
tracking system, the high
quality, real-time
rendering tools of the 3D
virtual scenes and to the
efficient, developed
software system at the
core of the virtual
studio, which were
already used successfully
in several productions.


One of these applications

is related to virtual
studios for TV
productions, which are a
further extension of the
traditional blue-box, or
blue-screen technology.
The purpose is to create

the impression that the
moderator is moving and
speaking in a virtual
world.
Virtual sets can be

graphically generated
with the help of 3D
modeling tools.
Virtual studios offer a

large number of new
options


Numerous television

stations have recognized
the advantages of this
production technology
and are using it in a large
number of programs.
An example of this is

newscasts or weather
reports.
Virtual studios are also

used a great deal in
filmmaking to mix
computer animation with
real images.



Virtual studios offer a large number

of new options.
Objects can be floated in the

air, animation can be integrated in
real time to create more dynamic
situations.
Connections can be created with

interactive interfaces such as the
internet which can have a direct
influence on the set.
In the past there was quite a bit of

reserve about using virtual studio
technology, but now television
stations are coming to recognize
their potentials more and more.
The trend is towards more

interactivity and producers are
beginning to use the potentials this
technology has more and more in
new programming concepts.


With a virtual studio,

the static background
is replaced by a
dynamic, computer-
generated, three-
dimensional
background . The
foreground camera is
then free to move but
must be quot;trackedquot; so
that the background
can be generated with
the proper perspective.


Interactive television

describes any
number of efforts to
allow viewers to
interact with
television content as
they view.
It is sometime called

interactive
TV, iTV, idTV or ITV
(not to be confused
with the British
Independent
Television network).

Looser but at least substantial
ITV, iTV, i-

TWO

THREE
ONE

association with: Web TV, WEB
TV, ETV, eTV, Enhanced Net TV, Online
Enhanced TV, Internet TV,
TV, Transactional TV, Internet on
Internet Television, Interactive
Mobile TV, Individualized
Television, Fully TV, Web-over
Viewing
Interactive Television
Total ITV, Fully Interactive
TV, Interactive Digital Services, Web-accessed
Television, Fully Interactive TV,
Advanced TV, Multiplexed TV
Television, Interactive TV, TeleWeb, TV-based
viewing, Full-service Integrated
TV, Synchronous Web Browsing, TV
Interactive TV, Customized,
Programming,Broadban Based Browsing, TV
Individualized or Personalized TV
,Real-time Companion
d IP Internet System
Programming
Convergence, Interactiv
Internet Protocol
e Cable, Interactive
Multicasting, IP
Video, Enriched
Multicast, BusinessTV,
TV, Enhanced
Videoconferencing
Broadcasting, Advance
{videophone}
d Interactive TV, TVs
with Interactive
Programming


34.1 million

households
subscribe
to iTV
service
Expected to

reach 69
million by
2009.


Many expect television's longer term future to be Internet TV and the

countless millions of channels it could offer, including people's own personal
channels. Imagine, you want to watch a particular actor/actress, or a type of
programming theme, lets say car crashes, you enter that into your video
search engine and it comes up with shows and/or video clips concerning
that subject. Probably you would have already pre-programmed your Digital
Video Recorder (DVR) or computer to have searched for and recorded on it's
hard drive, that particular type of programming. Your DVR or computer
could of course check regularly, automatically seeing if any new related
programming is available, recording it and alerting you. With the
convergence of broadband and a mandated digital TV infrastructure, the
possibilities are extreme.

The television is more associated

with relaxed viewing (“sitting-
backquot; or quot;leaning back”) while the
PC is more associated with
working, (quot;sitting-upquot; or quot;leaning
forward”). The argument is that
most would rather sit back in a
comfortable chair and watch video
on a television screen rather than
watch video on any other
electronic device including a PC.
Also watching a television can be
more of a social event, a better
homogenizer for couples and the
home. Many electronic devices aid
in transferring content from the
Internet to the TV.


Current and future

iTV in your area will
include
Electronic Program

Guides,
Web-page-style

screens,
Electronic

Storefronts,
nformation Tickers,

Walled Gardens,

Polls,

Interactive

Advertising and
more.


It represents a continuum

from low interactivity (TV
on/off, volume, changing
channels) to moderate
interactivity (simple
movies on demand without
player controls) and high
interactivity in which, for
example, an audience
member affects the
program being watched.
A return path to the

program provider is not
necessary to have an
interactive program
experience. Once a movie
is downloaded for
example, the controls will
probably all be local. The
only link needed was to
download the program.

The simplest, Interactivity with a

TV set is the one that is already
very successful.
This got its first big jump with the

use of the remote control to
enable channel surfing
behaviors, and has evolved to
include video-on-demand, VCR-
like pause, rewind, and fast
forward, and DVRs, commercial
skipping and the like.
It does not change any content

,only how we control the viewing
of that content
Calling the simple use of a remote

control to turn TV sets on and off
as an example of interactivity is
like saying turning the pages of a
book makes the book interactive.

Interactivity with TV program content is the

one that is quot;interactive TVquot;, but it is also the
most challenging to produce.
This is the idea that the

program, itself, might change based on
viewer input.
Advanced forms, which still have uncertain

prospect for becoming mainstream, include
dramas where viewers get to choose plot
details and endings.
Simpler forms, which are enjoying some

success, include programs that directly
incorporate polls, questions, comments, and
other forms of (virtual) audience response
back into Selim - Innovations in
Dr.Essam N. the show

The least understood, Interactivity with

TV related content may have most
promise to radically alter how we watch
TV over the next decade.
Examples include getting more

information about what is on the TV,
whether sports, movies, news, or the
like. Similar (and most likely to pay the
bills), is getting more information about
what is being advertised, along with the
ability to buy it -- this is called
quot;tcommercequot; (short for quot;television
commercequot;).
In the coming months and years, there

will be no need to have both a computer
and a TV set for interactive television as
the interactive content will be built into
the system via the next generation of
set-top boxes.


Today, two-screen

interactive TV is called
either 2-screen (for short)
or quot;Synchronized TVquot; and is
widely deployed around the
US by national broadcasters
with the help of technology
offerings from certain
companies. One-screen
interactive TV generally
requires special support in
the set-top box, but two-
screen synchronized ITV
applications generally do
not, relying instead on
Internet or mobile phone
servers to coordinate with
the TV.


Some interactive

television projects are
consumer electronics
boxes which provide
set-top
interactivity, while
other projects are
supplied by the cable
television companies
(or multiple system
operator, or MSO) as a
system-wide solution.
Some examples of
interactive television
include:


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