Master\'s Thesis defense.

1. Emotional Manipulation and Subclinical Psychopathic Traits Keenan Jensen, MSFS Jeff Elison, PhD Southern Utah University

3. Manipulative nature

4. Shallowness

5. Superficial (“charm”)

6. Impulsivity

8. Poor behavioral controls

9. Parasitic lifestyle

10. Promiscuity and high drug/alcohol use (irresponsibility)

12. 2% of the population in the U.K.

13. Responsible for 30-50% of crime Proportion of Population Percentage of Crime

15. “ The ends justify the means”

16. Machiavellianism generally correlates highly to Psychopathy ( r = .31-.59, Paulhus et al., 2002, McHoskey et al., 1998)

17. Construct Overlap with Psychopath?

18. Social Manipulation

21. Empathic abilities and Emotional Understanding seem to be a key breakdown in the emotional levels of psychopaths

23. 10 Behavioral Items such as “I find myself in the same kind of trouble time after time”

25. 7 Concealment Items such as “When someone has made me upset or angry, I tend to downplay my feelings.”

27. Combined Score α = 0.85

29. 7 Perspective Taking Items such as “I try to look at everybody’s side of a disagreement before I make a decision”

31. 20 Self-Deceptive Items such as “I am a completely rational person”

33. 100 ms allotted for each photograph, Unlimited time to identify emotion and rate intensity.

34. α = .82, Mean misidentification = 7.58 or 31.6% of all photographs

36. r = (+) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Psychopathic Behavioral Traits

37. r = ( + ) Emotional Manipulation Emotional Perception Task

39. r = ( + ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Machiavellianism Psychopathic Behavioral Traits

40. r = ( - ) r = ( - ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Empathy

42. r = ( + ) r = n.s. r = ( ? ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Emotional Perception Task Psychopathic Behavioral Traits

43. r = ( + ) r = n.s. r = ( + ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Machiavellianism Psychopathic Behavioral Traits

45. r = ( - ) r < zero-order correlations r = ( - ) r = ( - ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Empathy

46. r = ( - ) r = ( + ) r = n.s. r = ( - ) r = ( + ) r = ( - ) r = ( - ) r = ( - ) r = ( + ) r = ( - ) r = (+) r = ( ? ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Machiavellianism Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Empathy Impression Management Emotional Perception

48. r = ( - ) r = ( + ) r = n.s. r = ( - ) r = ( + ) r = ( - ) r = ( - ) r = ( - ) r = ( + ) r = ( - ) Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Machiavellianism Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Empathy Impression Management

50. Mean Age = 21.38 years of age

51. 66 Males (40.5%), 97 Females (59.5%)

52. Primarily Psychology undergraduates, mostly Freshman

57. Personality and Concealment of Emotions r = .19, p = .03

58. Behavior and Concealment r = .23, p < .01

59. The relationship between Psychopathic Behavior and Emotional Manipulation lost significance.

61. Reliability was adequate ( α = .82), however on average 31.6% of photographs were misidentified

62. Emotional Perception removed from further analysis.

64. Personality traits and Machiavellianism r = .63, p < .01

65. Behavioral traits and Machiavellianism r = .28, p < .01

69. Psychopathic Personality and Empathy r = -.56, p < .001

70. Psychopathic Behavior and Empathy r = -.34, p < .001

74. Emotional Perception had no significant correlations to any other variables, therefore it would be meaningless to test for mediation.

76. Psychopathic Personality traits and Emotional Manipulation initial β = .36, p < .001

79. Machiavellianism included in path analysis.

81. Psychopathic Personality traits and Emotional Manipulation initial β = .38, p < .001

87. Χ² = 3.66, df = 5, p = .60, n.s. RMSEA = .000

88. No models converge with Empathy as a mediator, H7 ultimately rejected

89. Machiavellianism shows complete mediation, H6 upheld

90. r =.05; n.s. r = .62 r = .54 r = .46 r = .29 r = -.21 r = .20 r = .49 r = .29 r = .26 Chi-Squared = 3.66, df=5, p=.60; RMSEA=0.000 Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Machiavellianism Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Impression Management Self-Deceptive Enhancement Concealment

93. Controlling for IM and SDE β = .50, p < .001

95. Controlling for IM and SDE β = .51, p < .001

96. Path model r = .62

98. Initial Correlation between Impression Management and Psychopathic Personality r = -.44, p < .001

99. Model does not include path between IM and Psychopathic Personality

100. Initial Correlation between Self-Deceptive Enhancement and Psychopathic Personality r = .06, n.s.

101. Model does include path from Self-Deceptive Enhancement and Psychopathic Personality r = .29

105. Controlling for IM and SDE β = .20, p = .03

106. r =.05; n.s. r = .62 r = .54 r = .46 r = .29 r = -.21 r = .20 r = .49 r = .29 r = .26 Chi-Squared = 3.66, df=5, p=.60; RMSEA=0.000 Psychopathic Personality Traits Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Emotional Manipulation Machiavellianism Psychopathic Behavioral Traits Impression Management Self-Deceptive Enhancement Concealment

108. Machiavellianism completely mediates the path from Psychopathic Traits to Emotional Manipulation .

109. Psychopathic traits are a predictor of Empathy ; however Empathy does appear to be a mediator. No models converge with empathy as a mediator.

110. Relationships are partially spurious. Empathy and Emotional Manipulation only completely spurious relationship.

112. The indirect effect of emotional manipulation has a hypothetical relationship of r = .33

113. Machiavellianism and Psychopathy have constructual overlap (r = .63). Highly similar, yet different constructs.

116. Empathy training provides a new route to manipulation?

118. Poor perception of distress

122. Concealment of Emotions not affected by Impression Management or SDE, r = -.20 to -.22

123. Model does indicate a significant relationship between Concealment of Emotions and IM, r = .20

125. Relationships with Psychopathic Behavioral traits are relatively low ( r = n.s. - .34)

126. Not controlled in this study, however Psychopathic Personality may be feeding into the relationships with Psychopathic Behavior.

127. Assessment inclusive of Psychopathic Behavioral traits is likely testing Antisocial Behavior, not psychopathy

128. Circular Argument

130. Reliability adequate α =.82

131. Focus of participants varied, increasing reliability and lowering validity.

133. Lack of individuals with high psychopathic traits

135. Impression Management and psychopathy, better measure or measurement error in this study?

136. Personality emphasis in psychopathy, what are the behavioral differences in forensic and successful psychopaths

138. Psychopathic Behavior likely manifestations of psychopathy, not psychopathy itself

139. Empathy related to both Psychopathy and Emotional Manipulation, however does not appear to be a mediator or moderator.

140. No statements about emotional capabilities can be made.