AQA P1a key words

1. Physics P1a
Key Words

2. Fossil fuels

3. Fuels that are formed
in the Earth over
millions of years from
the remains of dead
animals and plants, for
example coal, oil and
natural gas

4. Conduction

5. The transfer of
thermal energy (heat)
from the hotter parts
of a substance to the
colder parts of the
substance without the
substance itself
moving.

6. Convection

7. •The transfer of
thermal energy
(heat) by the
movement of a
liquid or gas

8. Radiation

9. The transfer of
thermal energy by
infra-red waves

10. Chemical energy

11. The energy stored
in fuel (including
food). This energy
is released when
chemical reactions
take place.

12. Kinetic energy

13. The energy of a
moving object

14. Gravitational
potential energy

15. The energy of an
object due to its
position

16. Elastic energy

17. The energy stored
in a springy object
when we stretch or
squash it

18. Electrical energy

19. The energy
transferred by an
electric current

20. Thermal energy

21. The energy due to
the temperature of
an object

22. Joules (J)

23. The unit of energy

24. Watt (W)

25. The unit used to
measure power. 1
watt is 1 joule of
energy transferred
each second

26. Kilowatt (kW)

27. is equal to 1000
watts

28. Kilowatt-hour
(kWh)

29. the energy supplied
to a 1kW device in
1 hour

30. Transformer

31. used to increase
(step up) or reduce
(step down) the
voltage

32. Solar cells

33. transfers energy
from the Sun's
radiation directly
into electricity

34. Solar panel

35. these absorb
energy from the
suns radiation and
transfer it as
thermal energy
(heat)

36. Geothermal energy

37. thermal energy
(heat) from inside
the Earth. It is
produced from the
natural decay of
radioactive material
including uranium

38. Non-renewable
energy

39. energy that gets
used up and will
eventually run out

40. Turbine

41. this is made to turn
by moving
water, steam or
wind. It transfers
kinetic (moving)
energy from the
moving substance as
its own kinetic

42. Greenhouse effect

43. the Earth being kept
warm by gases such as
carbon dioxide in the
atmosphere. Burning
fossil fuels produces
more carbon dioxide
and so increases the
greenhouse effect

44. Global warming

45. the earth's
temperature rising
due to the effect
of increased
greenhouse gases

46. Efficiency

47. the fraction (or
percentage) of the
energy supplied to
a device that is
usefully
transferred

48. Nuclear fuels

49. radioactive
substances such as
uranium and
plutonium that are
used for nuclear
fission in a nuclear
power station

50. Acid rain

51. rain that is more
acidic than usual
because of
dissolved sulphur
dioxide or nitrogen
oxides

52. Tidal barrage

53. a dam built across
a river estuary so
that electricity can
be generated from
the tides.

54. Hydro-electricity

55. electricity
generated using the
gravitational
potential energy of
water stored
behind a dam

56. End