Digital contemporary history: sources, tools, methods, issues
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A lecture delivered at the annual meeting of the Danish Society for Research in Contemporary History, in Copenhagen on 29 January 2016
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Digital contemporary history: sources, tools, methods, issues
- 1. Digital contemporary history: sources, tools, methods, issues Dr Peter Webster Webster Research and Consulting @pj_webster
- 2. Outline • is contemporary history behind in digital history? • why is this so? (sources & rights) • writing the history of the 1990s and beyond: the coming shift to born-digital • skills, networks and resources • changing methods and cultures
- 3. Too many sources? BNB monographs (theology) Period # Monographs 1950-54 4921 1970-74 6175 2000-2004 13714
- 4. A breakthrough early modern digital project
- 5. The 20th century copyright black hole (Europeana) http://pro.europeana.eu/blogpost/the-missing-decades-the-20th-century-black-hole -in-europeana (image: CC0)
- 6. Modes of digitisation funding • public research funding • philanthropic eg. Thatcher archive : margaretthatcher.org • open government eg. Hansard : hansard.millbanksystems.com • commercial eg. Times Digital Archive (to 2009)
- 7. .. which tend to produce UIs that are: • generic (and inflexible) • often expensive • closed (no access to raw data) • not transparent
- 9. Web archiving? • Internet Archive the initiator (1996-) • national, regional, local libraries/archives • universities, NGOs • content owners • individuals • IIPC : global consortium, c.50 members
- 10. Web archives in the UK Temporal scope Content scope Access Open UKWA 2004-present Selective Online Legal Deposit UKWA 2013-present Comprehensive (for UK) Onsite JISC UK Domain Dataset 1996-2013 Comprehensive (for .uk) Index only UK Government Web Archive 1996-present UK government Online Parliamentary Web Archive 2009-present UK parliament Online Univ. of Oxford 2011-present University sites Online
- 12. Web Archives for Historians @HistWebArchives , http://webarchivehistorians.org/
- 13. Changing cultures #1 • close and distant reading
- 14. Creationism read from a distance • non-evolutionary account of human origins • modern • a long history • a feature of some parts of evangelicalism • (anti-evolutionism, Intelligent Design)
- 15. The creationist web : three questions A justified conspiracy theory about marginalisation of creationist voices? A real danger or a moral panic (Truth in Science) ? The web as friend of the marginalised opinion?
- 16. UK Host Link Graph (1996- 2010) 2008 | newsimg.bbc.co.uk | youtube.com | 45 2008 | archbishopofyork.org.uk | flickr.com | 1 2002 | secularism.org.uk | geocities.com | 1 Public domain at: data.webarchive.org.uk
- 17. Approach • selection of key UK creationist sites • extraction of all unique inbound referring hosts for 1996-2010 • inspection and classification
- 19. Conclusions • a utopian dream unfulfilled • a genuine moral panic • a justified conspiracy theory
- 20. Changing cultures #2-3 • close and distant reading • writing like social scientists • thinking of sources as data
- 21. Journal of Open Humanities Data http://openhumanitiesdata.metajnl.com/
- 22. Thinking in data: British Evangelical Networks • tracing careers of evangelical ministers during a key period of expansion (1945-80) • training, congregations, events, publications, para-church organisations • crowd-sourced • communal data https://evangelicalnetworks.wordpress.com/
- 23. Changing cultures #4-5 • close and distant reading • writing like social scientists • thinking of sources as data • working in teams • a new partnership with libraries/archives