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Michele Adams - Panther Hollow Presentation
- 1. Green Infrastructure: Reconnecting Water, Soils and Vegetation in the Urban Environment Michele Adams, P.E. LEED AP
- 4. Two important observations: Frequency: Most of the time, it rains 1 inch or less Annual Percentages of Volume from Storms Volume: 96% of the annual rainfall volume of 36 inches is from storms 3 inches or less
- 5. A New Paradigm for Water Volume: Capture the Small Frequent Rainfalls • Pennsylvania – Volume Increase for 2-Year Event (1 ½” - 2”) • City of Philadelphia: 1” from Impervious Surfaces • US Green Building Council (LEED) – 95% of Rainfall Events EPA: Mimic Natural Hydrology
- 7. The Challenge – Combined Sewers
- 9. Restoration: Washington National Cathedral • Cathedral and Parking on top of hill • Surrounded by “Olmsted’s Woods” • Point Discharges eroding hillside, creating ravines • Lack of Recharge: Diminished Soil Moisture and Dying Trees • Invasive Vegetation
- 10. Once the Volume is reduced • Repair outfalls and ravines with check dams • Prevent to continued loss of groundwater • Make the structures look natural
- 11. First Step: Reduce the problem by reducing the volume of runoff • Direct Runoff to Infiltration Trenches in Lawn Infiltration Trenches
- 12. Amphitheater that is an infiltration system
- 13. • Replace Storm Sewers with Infiltration Trenches along Roadway
- 14. • Intercept Storm Sewer • Return water to woodland soils
- 16. Stormwater in Philadelphia • Capture first 1-inch of rainfall from impervious surfaces for new development (current rule) • Stormwater fees restructured in 2010 - monthly charges for impervious and total site areas. • Stormwater measures can reduce monthly fees • “Green Streets” designs • Planter boxes, tree trenches, rain gardens, and bioswales • Use vegetation and soils to manage stormwater
- 17. Urban Schools: Sadie Alexander K-8 School • Constructed in 2000 • Philadelphia Water Department • Reducing Volume to Combined Sewers • Urban Green Space: • Porous Playground • Playfield with Stormwater Bed Below • Rain Gardens • Education
- 18. Stormwater Infiltration Below Playfield • Roof Leaders from Building to Bed • Old Urban Fill • Infiltration to Reduce Volume • Urban Green Space Sadie Alexander School, Philadelphia
- 19. Rain Gardens • Education • Access • Infiltration • Urban Green Space Porous Pavement Playground (no puddles!)
- 20. Rain Gardens Rainwater can support the landscape and soils, reducing pipes and basins.
- 21. Porous Paving with Infiltration Same Detail Can be Used with Standard Paving with Infiltration
- 23. Porous Asphalt Walkways Swarthmore College Grey Towers National Forest Service
- 25. New Porous walk Construction of Vegetated Swale
- 26. Before Removal of Pavement to Create Stormwater Swale After
- 27. Capture of 1-inch rainfall plus green space, education, and new play areas.
- 28. Independence Charter School Porous Asphalt, Stormwater Cobble Swale to Rain Garden Swale to bioretention area Before
- 30. Waterview Recreation Center Downspout Planter Boxes
- 31. Before After Before After
- 32. Passyunk Avenue • Busy dirty street
- 33. Overflow water exits to an inlet Bio-retention Water from the street enters through a trench drain
- 34. Clark Park • Constructed in 2007 • Philadelphia Water Department & PA Horticultural Society • Infiltration Bed under Asphalt Basketball Court
- 35. Stone Infiltration Bed • Captures 1.5” of Water from Street, Parking Lot, and Sidewalks
- 36. Street inlet designed with water quality insert and sump to prevent debris and sediment from clogging infiltration bed.
- 37. Finished Basketball Court with Subsurface Infiltration Bed
- 38. Porous Asphalt Portland Porous Streets Porous Concrete Porous Pavers
- 41. Rendering by Andropogon Associates
- 43. Rendering by Andropogon Associates
- 45. Commercial and Parking Lot: Urban Grocery Store in Wilmington • City and Delaware Horticultural partnership • Urban Heat Island Cooling • Capture 1” from Street and Store
- 46. Bioswales and Rain Gardens for Parking Lot water Tree Trenches collect street water
- 47. West Hollywood Porous Pavement – Existing Site
- 48. Planter Box (Variation on Bioretention) Wilmington Library
- 49. Also Bioretention and Storage for Irrigation
- 50. At the Residential Level: Downspout Disconnection Disconnect downspout from combined sanitary sewer system •Portland, OR •Chicago, IL •Boston, MA •Minneapolis, MN •Bremerton, WA •Lynchburg, VA •Pittsburgh Nine Mile Run! •Pittsburgh: Nine Mile Run!
- 51. Portland, Oregon • Elimination of 94% of overflows to Willamette River by 2011 • > 44,000 disconnected downspouts (>1 BGY stormwater) • Residents can do work themselves and earn $53 per downspout • Community groups earn $13 per downspout
- 52. Where Does The Water Go? • Lawns • Other pervious surfaces • Vegetative swales • Rain gardens • Infiltration trenches • Rain barrels Boston Disconnect Program
- 53. New Residential: Village at Springbrook • High Density Residential • 59 acres • 269 homes: • 146 Townhouses • 96 Quads • 17 Singles • Sinkholes and limestone Can Water be Managed within the landscape?127 small measures, no detention basins.
- 54. • Each home manages its own runoff in a Rain Garden seepage bed, located in the right-of-way.
- 55. Pervious Pavements Paths Patios, Terraces, Courtyards Driveways
- 56. At the Residential Level: Rain Barrels
- 57. Infiltration Trench – “leaky pipe”
- 58. A Private Retreat Philadelphia PA The property Wissahickon Creek in Fairmount Park Schuylkill River
- 59. The Plan Lawn Patio Compost N Existing Vegetable Garden Meadow Table & chairs Bird Feeders Compost Rain Garden Gathering Garden N Street Trees Proposed
- 60. The Street Street trees were obtained through Philadelphia Green & the WNCA Tree Tenders
- 61. From Lawn to Meadow NATURAL AREA Meadow Development in Progress Roxborough Habitat Restoration Project Beautiful Meadow Coming to your Neighborhood! After Brown Thrasher Before Before After After
- 62. The Rain Garden Lawn Patio Compost Existing Infiltration area under bluestone Final treatment Planted swale Proposed
- 63. Rain Garden and Swale Location Before
- 64. A Private Retreat Infiltration bed Planted Swale
- 65. Rain Chains, Spash blocks
- 66. Restoring Panther Hollow – Restoring the Watershed