SSTRM Workshop 2: Power/Energy and Sustainability, Volume 1 - Report

1. Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap
Workshop 2:
Power/Energy and Sustainability
Vancouver, September 21-23, 2009
Volume 1: Report
Department of National Defence
Defence Research and Development Canada
Industry Canada
November 17, 2009

2. Acknowledgements
The Department of National Defence (DND), Defence Research and Development
Canada (DRDC), and Industry Canada (IC) would like to acknowledge the contributions
and support provided by the IC Special Events team that organized the Power/Energy
Sustainability workshop venue, logistics, and accommodations; Technôpole Defence
and Security (TDS); the Soldier Systems TRM Power/Energy/Sustainability Technical
Subcommittee and the co-chairs, for sharing their time and expertise; the National
Research Council Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation, which provided workshop
participants with a tour of their facilities; the Centre for Public Management, which
facilitated the workshop; and the participants from across Canada, the United States,
and abroad, who contributed to making the workshop a success. Special thanks to those
who presented at the workshop, for their time, energy, and knowledge.
ii

3. Table of Contents
Abstract................................................................................................................vii
Executive Summary .............................................................................................vii
Part I. Workshop Context, Process, and Agenda ................................................. 9
1. Power/Energy/Sustainability and the Soldier Systems TRM ........................ 10
1.1 About the Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap (TRM) ............................ 10
1.2 Power/Energy/Sustainability's Place in the Roadmap .................................. 11
1.3 Tools for Collaboration – ICee Database and Wiki, and Roadmapping
Software ...................................................................................................... 13
2. Workshop Process and Agenda ................................................................... 15
2.1 Tour of the NRC Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation ........................................ 15
2.2 Presentations ............................................................................................... 15
2.3 Working Sessions ........................................................................................ 15
2.4 Workshop Results ........................................................................................ 16
2.5 The Workshop Agenda ................................................................................ 18
Part II. Workshop Presentations ........................................................................ 21
3. Workshop Presentation Abstracts ................................................................ 22
3.1 Welcome, Opening Remarks & Soldier Modernization Effort – LCol. M.A.
Bodner, Defence R&D Canada (DRDC)....................................................... 22
3.2 Soldier Systems TRM Rationale and Governance – Geoff Nimmo,
Industry Canada .......................................................................................... 23
3.3 Positioning to Meet Future Soldier Modernization Effort Opportunities –
Chummer Farina, Director General IS-ADMB, Industry Canada................... 23
3.4 Day 1 Program, Process, and Deliverables – Phil Carr,
Centre for Public Management..................................................................... 24
iii

4. 3.5 Review of the Visioning Workshop Results – Phil Carr,
Centre for Public Management..................................................................... 25
3.6 Integrated Soldier System Project – Major Bruno Turmel,
DLR 5-6 / ISSP, DND ................................................................................... 25
3.7 Capability Requirements in a Soldier Context – Ed Andrukaitis, DRDC ....... 27
3.8 Architecture: Manage Your Power Before it Manages You – Claude J.
Lemelin, DSSPM, DND ................................................................................ 27
3.9 System Integration of Power and Energy: State-of-the-Art
Overview – David Cripe, Rockwell Collins, Inc. ............................................ 28
3.10 Industry Collaboration & Exchange Environment Tool (ICee) – Vincent
Ricard, Defence Support Contractor DSSPM, DND ..................................... 29
3.11 Energy Storage, Portable Batteries, State-of-the-Art
Overview – Dr. Ian Hill, NRC ........................................................................ 30
3.12 Energy Systems Fuel Cells, State-of-the-Art Overview –
Dr. G. McLean, Angstrom Power ................................................................. 30
3.13 Energy Harvesting – Dr. Max Donelan, CSO, Bionic Power ......................... 31
3.14 E-Textile Power Distribution Electrically Conductive Textiles,
State-of-the-Art Overview – Dr. S. Swallow, Intelligent Textiles Limited ....... 32
3.15 Update on Photovoltaics and CIPI (Luncheon Speaker) –
Robert Corriveau, President & CEO, CIPI .................................................... 33
Part III. The Working Sessions: Participant Input and Results ........................... 35
4. Working Sessions 1-2: Drivers and Products .............................................. 36
4.1 Working Session 1: Needs or Drivers........................................................... 36
4.2 Working Session 2: Devices or Products ..................................................... 39
5. Working Session 3: Technologies – Stickies on "The Wall" ......................... 51
5.1 Mapping the Technologies ........................................................................... 51
5.2 Results: Focus Technology Areas Identified ................................................ 53
iv

5. 6. Working Session 4: Collaborations and Projects .......................................... 55
6.1 Project Definition and Participation .............................................................. 55
6.2 Results: Six Technology Projects/R&D Priority Areas for Collaboration ....... 57
6.2.1 Power/Energy Standards Future Project........................................... 57
6.2.2 Connectors Project ........................................................................... 58
6.2.3 Storage (Batteries) Project ............................................................... 59
6.2.4 Integrating Power Sources Project ................................................... 60
6.2.5 Fuel Cells Project ............................................................................. 61
6.2.6 Electro-Textiles Project..................................................................... 62
7. Next Steps .................................................................................................... 63
7.1 Developing the Collaborative Power/Energy Projects .................................. 63
7.2 Sharing Knowledge with the ICee Database and Wiki .................................. 63
7.3 Upcoming Workshops .................................................................................. 63
Appendixes
A. List of Workshop Participants ....................................................................... 65
B. Centre for Public Management Facilitators................................................... 71
C. Power/Energy Mindmaps ............................................................................. 72
List of Figures
Figure 1. Power/Energy's Place in the Roadmap ................................................ 11
Figure 2. Power/Energy's Place in the Soldier SystemError! Bookmark not defined.
Figure 3. The Industry Collaboration and Exchange Environment (ICee)
Home Page.......................................................................................... 14
Figure 4. The Workshop Process........................................................................ 17
v

6. Figure 5. The Workshop Agenda ........................................................................ 18
Figure 6. Major Turmel in Battle Gear ................................................................. 26
Figure 7. Working Session 1 Handout – Power/Energy Visioning....................... 37
Figure 8. Working Session 2. Product/Device Worksheet .................................. 40
Figure 9. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheets for each of
Ten Tables of Participants .................................................................... 41
Figure 10. Working Session 3: Participants at "The Wall" ................................... 52
Figure 11. Working Session 3 Results Table ...................................................... 54
Figure 12. Working Session 4: Areas Identified for Project Development ........... 56
Figure 13. Power Sources/Generation Mindmap ................................................ 73
Figure 14. Power Connectors Mindmap.............................................................. 74
Figure 15. Power/Energy Management Mindmap ............................................... 75
Figure 16. Energy Consumption Devices Mindmap ............................................ 76
vi

7. Abstract
The Power/Energy/Sustainability workshop, held in Vancouver in September, 2009, was
the first of a series of technical workshops associated with the Soldier Systems
Technology Roadmap (TRM) project. The project brings together representatives of
industry, government, and academia to address the needs of the Canadian soldier of
tomorrow. This report describes the importance of power, energy, and sustainability in
the context of the soldier system. It outlines the workshop process and agenda, provides
abstracts of the workshop presentations, and describes the workshop's four working
sessions, which resulted in the identification of six collaborative projects for further
development in the areas of power and energy standards, connectors, storage
(batteries), power-source integration, fuel cells, and electro-textiles.
Executive Summary
This report describes the purpose, activities, and outcomes of the Power/Energy/
Sustainability Workshop held in Vancouver, BC, September 21-23, 2009. The workshop
was the first in a series of technical workshops associated with the Soldier Systems
Technology Roadmap (TRM) initiative, and follows the Visioning and Future Capabilities
Workshop held earlier in the year.
Part I. Workshop Context and Process introduces the Soldier Systems TRM – a
unique industry-government collaboration that applies roadmapping principles and
processes to build shared knowledge and identify technology opportunities in support of
the Canadian Forces Soldier Modernization Effort. It defines the soldier system as the
integration of everything the dismounted soldier wears, carries, and consumes for
enhanced operational capability for domestic and expeditionary operations.
Part 1 also places the Power/Energy/Sustainability workshop in the context of the overall
Soldier Systems TRM process, and explains why power was chosen as the focus of the
first "technical" workshop. It describes the tools provided for collaboration among
roadmap participants, including the Industry Collaboration and Exchange Environment
(ICee) online database and Wiki, and roadmapping software. And it outlines the process
followed during the workshop.
vii

8. Part II. The Workshop Presentations provides abstracts of the presentations made by
industry, DND, and others at the workshop. It provides a link to the website where the
presentation decks are available for download.
Part III. The Working Sessions: Participant Input and Results describes the four
working sessions conducted during the workshop. The working sessions led participants
through a process of defining goals, drivers, gaps, and challenges related to the soldier
system; identifying possible products or devices to address those challenges; and
narrowing the focus to the most promising key areas.
The workshop culminated in the definition of six projects for further, ongoing
collaboration and development in the area of power/energy/ sustainability and the soldier
system:
 Power/Energy Standards
 Power/Energy Connectors
 Power/Energy Storage (Batteries)
 Integrating Power Sources
 Fuel Cells
 Electro-Textiles
viii

9. Part I. Workshop Context, Process, and Agenda
______________________________________________________________________
This part of the report:
 Describes the Power/Energy/Sustainability Workshop in the
context of the Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap
 Outlines the process followed during the workshop
 Provides abstracts of the workshop presentations
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10. 1. Power/Energy/Sustainability and the Soldier
Systems TRM
This report describes the activities and results of the Power/Energy/Sustainability
workshop held in Vancouver, B.C., September 21-23, 2009, as part of the Soldier
Systems Technology Roadmap (TRM) initiative. This was the second in a series of
planned workshops, and follows the Visioning and Future Capabilities Workshop held
earlier this year and described in a separate report available from Industry Canada.
1.1 About the Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap (TRM)
The Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap (TRM) is a unique industry-government
collaboration project. It is designed to apply roadmapping principles and processes to
develop a comprehensive knowledge-sharing platform and identify technology
opportunities in support of the Canadian Forces Soldier Modernization Effort.
Participation is free and voluntary, and open to Canadian and international
manufacturing, services, and technology-based companies of all sizes, as well as
researchers and other experts from academia, government, and not-for-profit research
organizations from Canada and around the world.
The focus of the Soldier Systems TRM – the soldier system – is defined within NATO as
the integration of everything the soldier wears, carries and consumes for enhanced
individual and collective (small unit) capability within the national command and control
structure. It centers on the needs of the dismounted soldier, who is often away from the
supply network and must be self-sufficient for up to 72 hours.
The overarching goal of the Soldier Systems TRM is to understand how today's
technology – and tomorrow's – might contribute to a superior soldier system that
increases operational effectiveness for the individual soldier in the five NATO capability
areas of Command and Control (C4I), Survivability, Mobility, Lethality, and Sustainability.
The Soldier Systems TRM exercise is governed by an Executive Steering Committee
made up of government and industry representatives, and includes a technical sub-
committee dedicated to each technology area of focus.
For information about any aspect of the Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap project,
visit http://www.soldiersystems-systemesdusoldat.collaboration.gc.ca
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11. 1.2 Power/Energy/Sustainability's Place in the Roadmap
As noted, the Power/Energy/Sustainability (referred Figure 1. Power/Energy's
to in this document as ―power and energy,‖ or simply Place in the Roadmap
―power‖) workshop is one in a series of workshops
conducted or planned for locations across Canada 1.
as part of the development phase of the Soldier Visioning & Future Capabilities
(Held in June 2009)
Systems TRM (See Figure 1. Power/Energy's
Place in the Roadmap).
2. Technical Workshop:
Although each workshop in the development phase
Power/Energy/Sustainability
focuses on a different area of the soldier system, all
are part of a highly inter-related, ongoing process,
with "cross fertilization" of ideas encouraged and
3. Technical Workshop:
expected. Guided by their respective sub-
Weapons: Lethal & Non-Lethal
committees, activities will continue in each key area
throughout the development phase of the
roadmapping process and beyond.
4. Technical 5. Technical
What's more, although the roadmapping process Workshop: Workshop:
development phase is finite, its goal is to help put in C4I Sensors
place collaborative efforts and projects that will
continue to address Canadian Soldier Systems
6. Technical Workshop:
needs into the future as the TRM moves into its full Survivability/Equipment/Clothing
implementation phase. & Footwear/Load Carriage
Why power/energy first?
7. Technical Workshop:
Within the Soldier Systems TRM, power refers to
Human & Systems Integration
electrical power. Power was chosen as the topic of
the first of the "technical" workshops associated with
the roadmap because power is a primary driver and
enabler of other soldier-level capabilities. 8.
Essentially, electrical power will be a component Roadmap Integration
affecting almost every aspect of the soldier system.
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12. It was noted early in this workshop that, in pursuing soldier modernization, most other
countries explored all areas of soldier needs, leaving the power component to the very
end of the exercise. This led to an impasse—as they progressed, they identified
incrementally a kit of equipment that had so many ―new‖ capabilities that they could not
possibly be powered by a device carried by the soldier.
In an effort to build on those experiences, the Soldier Systems TRM discusses the
technologies needed to explore developments in power technologies first. As with all of
the technical workshops, the Power and Energy theme will be readdressed at the
Roadmap Integration Workshop.
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13. 1.3 Tools for Collaboration – ICee Database and Wiki, and
Roadmapping Software
A key to the success of any technical roadmapping initiative is ensuring easy
collaboration among its participants. For the Soldier Systems TRM, two tools – a
database/Wiki (ICee), and roadmapping software – will be used to do this.
The Industry Collaboration and Exchange Environment (ICee)
The Industry Collaboration and Exchange Environment (ICee) is an online database of
information relevant to soldier systems to which participants can contribute, and a Wiki
that enables online networking, communication, and contribution to the roadmapping
process on an ongoing basis. (See Figure 3. Industry Collaboration and Exchange
Environment (ICee) Home Page.)
The ICee is open to all who wish to participate in the Soldier Systems Technology
Roadmap. It is a single tool that includes password-protected sections for
communicating restricted, sensitive information meant for a specific selected audience.
1.4 Roadmapping Software
Industry Canada is in the process of acquiring roadmapping software that will enable it to
foster and track the collaborations and progress of the Soldier Systems TRM, and share
the information with all participants in the process. It will allow to capture over time the
link between the elements (i.e. capabilities, products, technologies, projects, resources)
that constitute a TRM. Information about the software will be posted on the Soldier
Systems TRM website when it becomes available.
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14. Figure 3. The Industry Collaboration and Exchange Environment (ICee)
Home Page
The Industry Collaboration and Exchange Environment (ICee) is an online database of
information relevant to soldier systems to which participants can contribute, and a Wiki that
enables online networking, communication, and contribution to the roadmapping process on an
ongoing basis.
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15. 2. Workshop Process and Agenda
The goal of the Power, Energy, Sustainability workshop was to identify projects in the
areas of power and energy that are relevant to the Soldier System and that can be the
focus of further collaboration and development.
To achieve this goal, the workshop followed a carefully designed process (Figure 4.
The Workshop Process, on page 17) and Agenda (Figure 5. The Workshop Agenda,
on page 18) that included presentations and working sessions leading to the defining of
concrete projects for which participants could "sign on" for further participation.
2.1 Tour of the NRC Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation
On the optional first day of the workshop – which preceded the presentations and
working sessions – about 35 participants attended a tour of the National Research
Council (NRC) Institute for Fuel Cell Innovation (IFCI) (http://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/ifci-
iipc/index.html). They visited IFCI labs and were given the chance to ride in fuel-cell
powered vehicles.
2.2 Presentations
During the second and third days of the workshop, presentations by DND, industry, and
other participants provided background on the roadmapping process, aspects of the
soldier system in Canada and abroad, and state-of-the-art overviews on various aspects
of power, energy, and sustainability in the soldier system context.
Abstracts of the presentations are provided in Chapter 3, Presentation Abstracts. The
presentation slide decks are available at http://www.cpm.ca/sstrm-vision.html
2.3 Working Sessions
They were designed to facilitate discussion at each table and to elicit input from
workshop participants. Specific questions were provided as a framework for the
discussions, and the results were recorded and discussed.
Four working sessions were conducted, during which participants addressed specific
questions and issues related to power and the soldier system. Each session built on the
results of the preceding session. The goals of the sessions were to:
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16. 1. Identify the needs and drivers of the necessary technology associated with
Soldier system power/energy requirements, and the gaps and challenges
associated with those needs and drivers
2. Identify possible products to address the gaps and challenges
3. Identify the technologies needed to develop the identified products
4. Define actual projects related to power/energy/sustainability and the Soldier
System for further collaboration and development
While structured, the working sessions also provided the flexibility to think innovatively
about addressing these issues. A plenary debrief followed each session, during which
participants shared the results of their discussions.
The working sessions are described in Chapters 4-6.
2.4 Workshop Results
The cumulative result of the presentations and working sessions was the identification of
six collaborative projects designed to address the issue of Power/Energy within the
soldier system:
 Power/Energy Standards
 connectors
 Storage (Batteries)
 Integrating Power Sources
 Fuel Cells
 Electro-textiles
A sign-up sheet accompanied each project description, and participants who were
interested in pursuing the projects were asked to sign up for them.
The projects, and the participant lists, are described in Chapter 7.
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17. Figure 4. The Workshop Process
Presentations:
Working Session 1. Needs/ Roadmapping and the
Drivers Soldier Systems TRM
To discuss and confirm the drivers
of Soldier System power/energy Presentations:
requirements Power/Energy and the
Soldier System
Working Session 2. Products Working Session 1.
Needs and Drivers
The To discuss possible products that
workshop would address the gaps and
process challenges
Presentations on
followed a Power/Energy and the
recognized Soldier System
logic used to
develop Working Session 3.
Technology Technologies Working Session 2
Products
Roadmaps
To discuss the technologies required
to develop the identified products,
and the time horizons of those
technologies Working Sessions 3-4. Presentations on
Power/Energy and the
soldier system
Working Session 4.
Collaborations/Projects
Working Sessions 3-4.
To discuss potential collaboration Technologies and
Projects
opportunities to crack the identified
technologies
Collaborative
Technology
Projects to Pursue
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18. 2.5 The Workshop Agenda
Figure 5. The Workshop Agenda
Day 1 – September 21, 2009 (Optional)
1hr30 – 4h30 Visit to the NRC Fuel Cell Institute
18hr – 20hr Networking Dinner
Day 2 – September 22, 2009
7h45 – 8h30 Registration (Continental Breakfast)
8h30 – 9h00 Welcome and Opening Remarks & Introduction of Technical Sub-
0 Committee members, LCol. M.A. Bodner (DND)
9h00 – 9h15 Soldier Systems Technology Roadmap Overview, Mr. G. Nimmo (IC)
Overview
9h15 – 9h35 Participation in Soldier Systems TRM: Positioning to Meet Future
Soldier Modernization Effort Opportunities, Mr. C. Farina (IC)
9h35 – 9h50 Day 1 Program, Process and Deliverables Mr. P. Carr
9h50– 10h20 Coffee Break
10h20 – 10h50 Return on Visioning Workshop, Mr. P. Carr
10h50 – 11h10 Today‘s Soldier Power Situation and Future ISSP Power and Weight
1 Requirements, Maj. B. Turmel (DND)
11h10- 11h30 Power/Energy & Sustainability: Capability Requirements / Soldier
Context/ Energy Consumers-Demand
Dr E. Andrukaitis (DND, DRDC Atlantic)
Needs
11h30 – 12h15 Breakaway Roundtables Session 1: Capability goals, drivers,
challenges and gaps for various scenarios/missions
12h15 – 13h30 Lunch (not provided) and Networking
13h30 – 14h15 Report Back (Plenary) Session 1, Mr P. Carr
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19. 14h15 – 14h30 Briefing on Power Architecture Options, Control and Management,
2 Mr. C. Lemelin (DND)
14h30 – 14h45 Briefing on the Integration of Power and Energy, Mr. D. Cripe
(Rockwell Collins)
Products
14h45– 16h00 Breakaway roundtables session 2: Products and sub-systems: space,
needs, performance goals, challenges, gaps
14h45 - 15h15 Coffee available
16h00 – 16h30 Report Back (Plenary) Session 2 and Wrap-up of Day 1 Workshop,
Mr P. Carr
16h30 – 17h00 Collaboration Tool (ICee) Training Session
Day 3 – September 23, 2009
7h45 – 8h30 Registration (Continental Breakfast)
8h30 – 8h45 Opening Comments, Overview of Day 2 Content and Process, Mr. P.
Carr
8h45 – 9h05 Briefing on Energy Storage – Batteries, State-of-the-art Overview, Dr.
3 I. Hill (NRC)
9h05 – 9h25 Briefing on Power Generation – Fuel Cells, State-of-the-art Overview,
Ged McLean (Angstrom)
9h25-9h45 Briefing on Power Generation/ Energy Harvesting – Electro-
Mechanical Devices, State-of-the-art Overview, Mr. M. Donelan
(Bionic Power Inc)
Technologies
9h45-10h05 Briefing on Power Transmission/Connection and Electro Textiles, Dr.
S. Swallow (Intelligent Textiles Limited)
10h05– 10h30 Coffee break
10h30 – 12h00 Breakaway Roundtables Session 3: Technology options through
concept mapping (a.k.a. mindmap), readiness, challenges, gaps
12h00 – 13h30 Lunch (not provided) and Networking
12h55 – 13h25 Guest Speaker: Photovoltaics Projects within CIPI Mr. R. Corriveau
Can. Inst. For Photonics Innovation,
13h30 – 14h00 Report Back (Plenary) Session 3 and Introduction to Session 4, Mr.
P. Carr
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20. 14h00 – 14h15
4 Briefing on Integration/Joint Project Opportunities, Mr. P. Carr
14h15– 16h00 Breakaway Roundtables Session 4: Collaboration Opportunities
Addressing Capability, Products, and Technology Gaps
Projects
15h00 - 15h30 Coffee available
16h00 - 16h45 Report Back (Plenary) Session 4, Mr. P. Carr
16h45 – 17h00 Wrap-up, TRM Next Steps, and Concluding Remarks, TSC industry
co-chairs, and LCol. M. Bodner and M. P. Carr
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21. Part II. Workshop Presentations
______________________________________________________________________
This part of the report provides abstracts of the presentations made
at the workshop. The presentation decks are available in their
entirety:
 In Volume 2. Slide Decks, of the Power/Energy and
Sustainability Workshop documents
 At the Centre for Public Management website:
http://www.cpm.ca/sstrm-vision.html)
 Using the ICee-Wiki tool:
http://soldiersystems-systemesdusoldat.collaboration.gc.ca
They will also be available on the Soldier Systems TRM site:
http://soldiersystems-systemesdusoldat.collaboration.gc.ca/eic/site/sstrm-
crtss.nsf/eng/home
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22. 3. Workshop Presentation Abstracts
To augment the knowledge and expertise that participants brought to the workshop,
industry and government stakeholders presented information about the Soldier Systems
Technology Roadmap, about various aspects of Canadian Soldier Systems thinking and
requirements, and about the soldier‘s future needs.
This chapter provides abstracts of these presentations. The slide decks for the
presentations are available at: http://www.cpm.ca/sstrm-vision.html
3.1 Welcome, Opening Remarks & Soldier Modernization Effort
– LCol. M.A. Bodner, Defence R&D Canada (DRDC)
Welcomes workshop participants and introduces key DND players. Provides background
on Soldier Systems history,
technologies, domains, rationale, and
related initiatives. Outlines objectives
and roles of industry and
government, and explains what the
roadmap is not. Makes clear that the
Soldier Systems TRM is not part of
the procurement process, but a
collaborative effort by DND, industry,
academia and others to better
understand and respond to the needs
of the Canadian soldier of the future.
Provides a soldier-centric Canadian
Forces vision for 2028 in the context
of the framework of the Army of Tomorrow and existing modernization efforts. Discusses
the roadmap timeframe and related projects. Defines a Soldier System and describes
current work on soldier systems in NATO and around the world. Explains future soldier
systems challenges, describes DRDC programs, and introduces the subject of Power
and Energy and the Advance Soldier Adaptive Power (ASAP) Technology
Demonstration Project (TDP). Concludes with description of the benefits of the Soldier
Systems TRM to the Forces, DND, and the Government of Canada in the short, mid,
and long term. Includes a list of Power/Energy/Sustainability Technical Sub-Committee
members and an overview of the workshop agenda.
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23. 3.2 Soldier Systems TRM Rationale and Governance – Geoff
Nimmo, Industry Canada
Defines technology roadmapping (TRM) and provides examples of Canadian experience
with roadmapping. Describes the
Soldier Systems TRM, including its
status, key stakeholders,
organization and governance.
Includes a list of Executive Steering
Committee members, an outline of
the Soldier Systems TRM phases
and process, and overviews of the
workshop flows, project enablers, the
present situation, and a draft
schedule for upcoming Soldier
Systems TRM workshops.
3.3 Positioning to Meet Future Soldier Modernization Effort
Opportunities – Chummer Farina, Director General IS-
ADMB, Industry Canada
Explains the need to understand and
prepare for the future, including key
capability needs and areas of
opportunity. Summarizes increases in
soldier-level technical investment over
the past 50 years, and emphasizes
that soldier modernization investments
will continue to grow. Outlines multiple
global modernization efforts and
markets, and forecasts steady global
growth and significant submarket
opportunities.
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24. Describes the roles various
government organizations designed
to address the need for innovation in
this area. Includes an overview of
future Canadian soldier
modernization elements,
implementation approach, and a
summary of the benefits to industry
and economic competitiveness of
early engagement and collaboration
in this process.
3.4 Day 1 Program, Process, and Deliverables – Phil Carr,
Centre for Public Management
Outlines the objectives of the
Workshop in the areas of missions,
capabilities, and technologies.
Describes the process the workshop
will follow, including presentations on
soldier's needs and related areas of
technology, group discussions,
reporting back to all participants, and
compilation of the results in a report.
Explains the purpose, process, and
products of the four working session
discussions that will take place
during the workshop. Points out that this workshop is part of a larger exercise that
includes workshops on related subjects. Provides initial instructions to workshop
participants.
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25. 3.5 Review of the Visioning Workshop Results – Phil Carr,
Centre for Public Management
Describes the objectives of the
Visioning and Future Capabilities
Workshop held in Gatineau, June 16-
17, 2009, which focused on
Energy/Power and Sustainability, C4I
Sensors, Survivability, and Lethal and
Non-lethal weapons at the level of the
dismounted soldier. Results were
compiled in a Vision and Future
Capabilities report. Describes the type
of information gathered, and how it will
be used to inform this and subsequent
workshops.
3.6 Integrated Soldier System Project – Major Bruno Turmel,
DLR 5-6 / ISSP, DND
To illustrate the amount and weight of some of the gear a soldier must carry, Major Turmel made
his presentation dressed in battle gear (See Figure 6. Major Turmel in Battle Gear).
Provides an overview of the Soldier
System Vision and the soldier of
today, tomorrow, and the future.
Describes deficiencies based on
lessons learned in the field. Explains
the need for power on operations,
and provides an overview of the
power components used on
operations. Emphasizes the need to
control the weight the soldier must
carry. Includes information about
power distribution and the power and
data infrastructure, as well as the
availability of power and the need for graceful degradation of power in the field.
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26. Figure 6. Major Turmel in Battle Gear
To illustrate the amount
and weight of the gear
carried by a soldier in the
field, Major Turmel gave
his presentation dressed
in battle gear. Participants
were invited to examine
the equipment following
the presentation.
(Photo: Mark Gray,
Industry Canada)
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27. 3.7 Capability Requirements in a Soldier Context – Ed
Andrukaitis, DRDC
Provides background on energy as a
critical combat requirement. Defines
and explains the need for energy
sustainability. Describes the soldier's
current energy load and the drivers,
such as density, power density,
safety, voltage, and more, to take
into account when developing power
solutions. Emphasizes the need for
affordability as a key driver, and
outlines the power/energy scope,
including sources, distribution,
management, and consumption.
Assesses future power demand. Describes NATO power initiatives. Lists power-
consuming soldier system accessories developed in the past three decades and
explains power consumption by equipment. Provides a U.S. forecast for power
expenditure and its relationship to weight. Concludes with an overview of the key power-
related challenges related to the soldier system.
3.8 Architecture: Manage Your Power Before it Manages You –
Claude J. Lemelin, DSSPM, DND
Describes the premise of the soldier
modernization effort. Discusses the
need to lower combat weight.
Explains how the Soldier System
relies on energy, and why managing
consumption is critical. Provides an
overview of the desired features or
key drivers of a power architecture,
including usability, modularity,
graceful degradation, and more.
Outlines the main types of
architecture – distributed,
Page 27 of 76

28. centralized, and mixed – and their pros and cons. Concludes with a description of the
desired end state for a soldier-systems architecture.
3.9 System Integration of Power and Energy: State-of-the-Art
Overview – David Cripe, Rockwell Collins, Inc.
Begins with basic assumptions of a
soldier systems power/energy
system, including high-level power
requirements and strategy. Points
out that present power support is
―point based‖ rather than systematic.
Describes the challenge associated
with integrating power and energy,
and the metrics to be considered
during system design and
component selection. Raises the
question of what the proper mix is for
power sources. Warns about the
risks of overspecialization (the Panda approach) vs. generalization (the Rat approach),
and the need to limit single-source dependencies.
Provides an overview of the state of
the art of soldier systems power and
energy, and its components.
Describes promising technologies
that are currently in development,
including projects underway in
Canada, such as photoelectric,
nano-thermoelectric, spintronics, J-
TEC proton-membrane cells, and
more. Presents a vision for the next
5-to-7 years for soldier systems
power and energy development:
power/energy development should provide the future network soldier with self-
sufficiency without re-supplying for the mission duration (increased energy
efficiency and minimum weight added).
Page 28 of 76

29. 3.10 Industry Collaboration & Exchange Environment Tool
(ICee) – Vincent Ricard, Defence Support Contractor
DSSPM, DND
Describes the online database and Wiki tool for promoting collaboration for the Soldier
Systems roadmap. Provides an
overview of the tool's purpose and
basic concept. Defines and describes
the main components: the password-
protected ICee Database for
collecting key information; and the
ICee Wiki where online collaboration
takes place. Presents an online
demonstration of the tool to
workshop participants. Describes
user roles, documentation, and
support. Lists advantages for users.
Provided link to the online tool:
http://soldiersystems-systemesdusoldat.collaboration.gc.ca and instructions for getting
started. Notes that participation in the online community is an important key to the
success of the Soldier Systems TRM. Online training is available at the web site.
Notes:
 It was announced at the workshop that the ICee tool would be officially launched
on October 7, 2009.
 The ICee training environment was available for participants to try out during the
workshop:
"My experience in using the ICee Tool has been very positive. ICee will
be of great help for sharing information and connecting its users' ideas
and companies."
Kevin Tang, Principal Engineer, Raytheon Canada Ltd.
Page 29 of 76

30. 3.11 Energy Storage, Portable Batteries, State-of-the-Art
Overview – Dr. Ian Hill, NRC
Provides a brief background on portable batteries and defines the scope of the present
discussion. Explains why energy
storage is essential to the
dismounted soldier, and the role that
batteries play in providing it. Outlines
constraints for soldier-level
application, such as weight, safety,
and cost, and describes selected
systems currently in production.
Describes what is being done in this
area in Canada. Concludes with a
vision for portable batteries and the
Soldier System over the next 5-7
years, and a table showing the
capacity and energy densities of a range of batteries.
3.12 Energy Systems Fuel Cells, State-of-the-Art Overview – Dr.
G. McLean, Angstrom Power
Describes fuel-cell technology process and advantages. Outlines passive and active-
design fuel-cell system
configurations. Discusses fuel
options for passive and active
designs. Describes system
alternatives for dismounted soldier
applications. Outlines constraints on
fuel-cell technology. Concludes with
an overview of the state of the art of
fuel-cell systems, an overview of
what is being done in Canada, and a
vision for the next 5-7 years of fuel-
cell technology development.
Page 30 of 76

31. 3.13 Energy Harvesting – Dr. Max Donelan, CSO, Bionic Power
Describes human power as an
attractive energy source. Outlines its
limitations. Provides an overview of
the state of the art of energy-
harvesting techniques, including
lightning packs, self-winding
wristwatches, and SRI shoe energy
harvesting. Describes what is
currently being done in Canada.
Emphasizes the importance of linking
the technology to the dismounted
soldier, keeping in mind mission
duration, range, weight, logistics, and
cost.
Describes constraints, such as
soldier comfort and performance,
mission scenario, device power
output, and soldier power
requirements, to be considered in
the soldier-level application of
energy harvesting. Concludes with a
vision of energy-harvesting
technology development for the next
5-7 years, and of additional R&D
needed in this area.
Page 31 of 76

32. 3.14 E-Textile Power Distribution Electrically Conductive
Textiles, State-of-the-Art Overview – Dr. S. Swallow,
Intelligent Textiles Limited
Explains why power distribution is
essential to the dismounted soldier,
and links the technology to the
soldier. Points out that a centralized
power supply allows higher energy-
density power sources to be used,
guarantees greater efficiency of
energy usage, but results in many
interconnecting wires and cables.
Describes issues associated with
wires and cables, including fatigue
breakage, bulkiness, lack of
redundancy, discomfort for the
soldier, and more.
Describes constrains to consider in a
soldier-level application of e-textiles,
such as robustness, connector
considerations, human factors, and
more. Provides an overview of the
state of the art of e-textiles. Describes
the work currently being done in
Canada. Offers a vision for the next 5-
7 years for e-textile development,
focusing on a "system of systems"
layered USB network.
Page 32 of 76

33. 3.15 Update on Photovoltaics and CIPI (Luncheon Speaker) –
Robert Corriveau, President & CEO, CIPI
Provides an overview of photovoltaics, the Canadian photonic industry, photovoltaics in
Canadian universities, and the Canadian Institute for Photonic Innovations (CIPI).
Forecasts increasing solar photovoltaic demand, and predicts it will surpass $100B by
2013. Provides a solar PV module cost breakdown and describes US venture capital
investments in clean energy for 2006-07 in the areas of biofuel, solar, fuel cells,
batteries, and smart grids.
Outlines the efficiency of solar cells. Shows the technology development process for
solar energy and investment opportunities. Describes a photovoltaic concentrator
solution.
Page 33 of 76

34. Discusses the Canadian Solar
Industry Association, the industry,
and research at universities.
Describes the CIPI (Canadian
Institute for Photonic Innovations)
network, the history of ten projects,
and photovoltaic projects supported
by CIPI. Introduces the TEN
(Technology Exploitation and
Networking) program, IPA
(Innovative Photonic Applications)
program. Emphasizes the need for
partnership to continue progress.
Page 34 of 76

35. Part III. The Working Sessions: Participant Input
and Results
______________________________________________________________________
This part of the report describes the process and results of the
workshop's four working sessions, which were designed to generate
and focus discussion among the workshop participants. It includes:
 Capability goals, and technology drivers and gaps discussed
during the first working session, and possible devices to
address those needs and goals that were put forward during
the second working session
 A Power/Energy/Sustainability for Soldier Systems concept
mapping exercise designed to sharpen the focus on areas for
potential collaboration, and
 Six ongoing, collaborative technology development projects that
emerged from the workshop based on the presentations and
working session discussions
Page 35 of 76

36. 4. Working Sessions 1-2: Drivers and Products
This chapter describes the goals, process, and results of the first two working sessions,
which were held on day 1 of the workshop. These sessions were designed to:
1. Identify and confirm the drivers of Soldier System power/energy requirements
2. Discuss possible products that would address existing gaps and challenges
4.1 Working Session 1: Needs or Drivers
The first working session followed presentation 3.7, Capability Requirements in a Soldier
Context. It was designed to introduce participants to the breakaway session approach,
and to initiate discussion about power and energy in the soldier system context.
Working Session 1 Inputs
Groups of participants at about a dozen tables with 10 or more participants each, were
given copies of the participant output from the Power and Energy portion of the Visioning
Workshop held earlier in the year (see Figure 7. Working Session 1 Handout –
Power/Energy Visioning.) and asked to address these questions:
1. Using the table as a starting point, what are the 3 main drivers of the dismounted
soldier's power/energy requirements? (e.g., Weight? Form factor? Fragility? ...).
Why are these particularly important
2. What are the major technology gaps/challenges related to those drivers?
3. Can you associate a timeline or horizon – 5, 10, or 15 years – to successfully
overcome those gaps/challenges?
Each table posted a summary of their conclusions on a flip chart. Following the session,
the spokespersons of a number of tables were asked to report their observations to all
the workshop participants. The flip chart sheets from all the tables were then collected
for later review and analysis.
Page 36 of 76

37. Figure 7. Working Session 1Handout – Power/Energy Visioning
As a starting point for Working Session 1, participants were given the results of the
Power/Energy output from the Soldier Systems Visioning Workshop held in June 2009.
Page 37 of 76

38. Working Session 1 Results
Participants Some Drivers and Gaps Identified in Working Session 1
identified a range
Drivers Gaps
of drivers and
 weight  higher power density needed
gaps in the areas  weight/energy density  standardization of sources,
of power, energy,  mission time cables, connectors
sustainability and  cost  power density limitations
 fuel and storage capabilities
the soldier  functionality in extreme
environments (high/low temp)  cost
system. These  power generation technologies
 reusability
were compiled by  power harvesting techniques
 safety  manufacturability
table, and used  transportability  unified power architecture
as the starting  silent operation  power predictability
point for defining  standardization and integration  graceful degradation control
devices or  mobility  legacy compatibility
products to  acceptance by the soldier  wearable power production
 energy-efficient electronic
address needs. equipment needed
One table's Energy status/management
depiction of (how much gas left in the tank?)
power
/energy
drivers and
gaps for the
soldier
system
Alternative Energy load
energy (consumption) –
sources/. states/modes: stealth,
storage communication
Page 38 of 76

39. 4.2 Working Session 2: Devices or Products
Following additional presentations 3.8 and 3.9, a second working session was held. Its
objective was to discuss possible products, or devices, that would address the gaps and
challenges identified in working session 1.
Working Session 2 Inputs
Each table was given an indelible pen and a laminated, tabloid-size chart (see Figure 8.
Working Session 2: Product/Device Worksheet) with space to list devices; "domains,"
such as storage, generation, and harvesting; and to indicate a development timeframe –
5, 10, or 15 years.
Participants at the same tables used the results of the first working session as the
starting point for filling out their charts. The questions they were assigned were:
1. What product items would meet the dismounted soldier's power/energy gaps and
challenges, taking into consideration the relevant drivers?
2. What "domains" of power/energy would those products address?
3. What would be the time horizon for bringing that product to the soldier?
Page 39 of 76

40. Figure 8. Working Session 2. Product/Device Worksheet
Each table of participants filled out a Product/Device Worksheet. The content of
the worksheets follows, in section 4.4 of this report.
Working Session 2 Results: Completed Power/Energy Device Worksheets
Following this exercise, a number of tables reported their conclusions. The laminated
charts were collected, and their contents compiled (see Figure 9. Product/Device
Worksheets for each of Ten Tables of Participants.)
Page 40 of 76

41. Figure 9. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheets for each of
Ten Tables of Participants
Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #1
Capability Areas
Dynamic Power Mgmt and Distribution
Product (Device)
 signifies top three
Legacy & Support
Time
Horizon
Transmission
Generation
(Years)
Harvesting
Storage
Control
5 10 15
 AA Super Capacity X X 
 Biomass Generator X X 
Hand Cranks X X X 
Fuel Cells (methanol, diesel) X X X 
Radio Isotopes Generator X X 
* "Power Hound"
Robot that follows soldier to
X X 
provide power (e.g., DARPA ETR
system)
2D Power Sharing Device X X 
Page 41 of 76

42. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #3
(There was no table #2 for this exercise)
Capability Areas
Product (Device)
( signifies top three)
Transmission
Generation
Harvesting
Time Horizon
Storage
Control
(Years)
Cost
5 10 15
 Device to tell status of every battery
X X 
in a system
 Distribution of power and connectors
X 
through clothing
 Light weight, efficient power
X 
harvester for solar & wind & body
Super fast charging batteries X 
Wireless charging X 
Light weight biofuel power generator X 
Mini hydro generator X 
Page 42 of 76

43. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #4
Capability Areas
Transmission
Time
Generation
Harvesting
Product (Device) Horizon
 signifies top three
Storage
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
 Power Distribution Vest X X 
 Power Management System X 
Conformal energy storage "material" X X 
Human motion X X 
Vibration energy harvesting X X 
 Multi-fuel fuel cell X 
Atomic battery X X 
Page 43 of 76

44. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #5
Capability Areas
Transmission
Time
Generation
Harvesting
Product (Device) Horizon
 signifies top three
Storage
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
Smart battery
(sucks electricity and takes to device X X 
needing it)
Fuel cell (wheeled) Left blank
Wearable recharging vest

(replace armour with prismatic cells)
Non-contact/wire method of sending
electricity Left blank 
(in development)
Bionic power – integrated to boots

(soldiers want to put them on)
Chipset – power over Internet 
Sit and charge (plugged in in-vehicle)
(suit recharges when soldier climbs into X X X Left blank
vehicle)
Page 44 of 76

45. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #6
Capability Areas
Transmission
Product/Device Time
Generation
Harvesting
( signifies top three) Horizon
Storage
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
Dual use for energy storage and personal protection
To reduce overall weight develop dual use body armour whose
X X X 
internal structure can double as a dispersed energy storage device.
Ditto for weapon external structure (e.g., ballistic system)
Form fit AA format
To develop adv bty or ultra cap capability in the AA format given X 
ubiquity.
Backpack recharger
Make use of cbt wt already in backpack on the wt for a backpack X X 
generator system device dedicated weight.
 High energy density power source (rechargeable)
X X blank
Extended ops possible – COTS available today vs primacy AA.
Bi-directional smart grid for power management X X
AA format rechargeable that is smart grid compatible X X 
 Bio-generation from human waste (urine fuel cell)
X 
Autonomous power-regeneration possible. Recharge storage battery.
 Autonomous kinetic energy conversion charger (i.e., armour
system) X X 
Autonomous dual-purpose regeneration
Scavenger charger
DC-DC converter charger. Take remaining batt power and transfer to X blank
another batt (top up) or gang up partially used batteries)
Page 45 of 76

46. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #7
Capability Areas
Monitoring of sys components
Product (Device)
 signifies top three
Transmission
Generation
Harvesting
Storage Time Horizon
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
Rechargeable le component batteries
Required for dynamic power management as described X 
below with UCCC
Photovoltaic
Integrated PV – helmet, back pack, shoulder caps –
X X 
detachable unit with solar reflectors for additional power
generation when stationary
Field recharger (kinetic) X X 
Universal charger controller converter
Central monitoring and control. Central storage back up
X* X X X X X 
delivers as req'd or by command to external device
batteries
Ballistic batteries
Batteries incorporated inside body armour to reduce total X 
weight bulk and carrying logistics
Simulator policy
Program that analyzes power usage, forecasts remaining
X X 
power time horizon; can override, prioritize component
power allocation (generates power use policies)
* Central battery storage would have higher voltage to enable "charging" out to SS components on
demand/automatically or by power policy enabled.
Page 46 of 76

47. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #8
Capability Areas
Transmission
Body armour
Time
Product (Device)
Generation
Harvesting
Horizon
 signifies top three
Storage
Control
System
(Years)
5 10 15
AA form factor cable ends X 
can use alkaline bats as backup to
central power.
"Spider" – route power from source to X X X 
????
Section-sized recharger X X X 
 Piezo-electric textile BDU X X +
Power management by mission X X 
 Blast and bullet-proof battery/plates X X 
 Sweat to energy X +
 Wrist watch that generates 20 W (arm X X +
movement)
 Electric eels (food to electricity) X +
Page 47 of 76

48. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #9
Capability Areas
Transmission
Time
Generation
Product (Device)
Harvesting
Horizon
Storage
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
Inductive charging system + intelligent fabric X X 
for novel power + data distributor
Allow the use of a smaller number of batteries
The few batteries could be high power
(retaining its power)
Distributes power as required (magnetic
induction)
Controls graceful degradation
Used also to distribute data to components
New soldier computer combining GPS + R1 X X 
Radio + Personal Radio + organic display com
Uses less power (integrated systems)
Lower weight
Smaller footprint
Organic display for easy reading but low
power/high/weight
Combine fuel cell PV + super capacitor X X 
Optimize fuel cell power generation (constant
rate)
complementary solar energy
Capacitor to store/disseminate energy
Page 48 of 76

49. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #10
Capability Areas
(Replenishing)
Sustainability
Transmission
Time
Generation
Harvesting
Product (Device) Horizon
Interface
Storage
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
Urine battery 
 Human ammonia fuel cell
X
 Ability to use the hydrogen contained in
ammonia to fuel fuel cells
Power switches – circuit for int X X X X X  
 Light weight and low frequency harvesting
adapted circuitry
Soldier monitoring X 
 To provide situational awareness to soldiers
about the soldier (distress, etc.)
POE USB X X 
 Can carry data and power
Multi-function uniform X X X 
 Capable of protecting the soldier from
elements but also of storing, generating,
and harvesting energy
Training (human and DPM self-learning) X  
 Training to soldiers to reduce waste &
provide system capability realistic
expectations
 Dynamic power management self-training
algorithm to adapt to specific user habits
(good and bad)
Gen (APU) vehicle grid X X  
 Ability to interface to outside sources -->
APUs/vehicles/grid/...
Page 49 of 76

50. Power and Energy Product/Device Worksheet
Participant Table #11
Capability Areas
Transmission
Time
Generation
Harvesting
Product (Device) Horizon
 signifies top three
Storage
Control
(Years)
5 10 15
Field recharger X X
Bio-mechanical X 
Kinetic X 
 Fabric transmission X X  TRL 7
Fairly near term – woven fabric transmission
technology could be implemented to omit
cabling
 Textile grid system X  TRL 7
The level up from fabric transmission
channels – a grid system provides multiple
transmission paths
 Smart controller X  TRL 5
Probably embedded within the end item
manipulated by the soldier (data terminal or
sensor, etc.,)
Battery bank X X 
Page 50 of 76

51. 5. Working Session 3: Technologies – Stickies
on "The Wall"
Day 2 of the workshop started with additional presentations (see 3.11 through 3.14)
focusing on various aspects of power, energy, and the soldier system. These were
followed by Working Session 3, described in this chapter.
5.1 Mapping the Technologies
The objective of the third working session was to discuss the technologies required to
develop the products or devices identified in working session 2, and the time horizons for
those technologies.
Participants sat in the same groups as on Day 1. Each participant was provided with two
packs of sticky notes, or "stickies" – one yellow, the other red. The product categories
from the first day's laminated charts were listed along one wall of the conference room,
with individual cells for 5, 10, and 15 year time periods.
Each person was asked to consider these questions:
1. What technologies need to be developed to produce the identified products?
2. What would be your "highest three priority" technologies?
3. What would be the time horizon for developing each technology?
Each was asked to use their yellow and red stickies to:
1. Identify as many technologies as they like for as many products as they like,
writing one on each yellow sticky note and placing it in the appropriate cell.
2. Use 3 red stickies to indicate the 3 highest-priority technologies.
(See Figure 10. Working Session 3: Participants at "The Wall".)
Following the working session, a discussion was held about the "clustering" of the
identified and selected technologies.
Page 51 of 76

52. Figure 10. Working Session 3: Participants at "The Wall"
Participants mapping power and energy technologies for the soldier system
(Photo: Mark Gray, Industry Canada)
Page 52 of 76

53. 5.2 Results: Focus Technology Areas Identified
Figure 11. Working Session 3 Results Table, shows how the stickies were distributed
across The Wall's categories and timeframes. To reflect the relative importance of the
areas in the table, red stickies were given a weighting of 2:1 compared with yellow
stickies.
Page 53 of 76

54. Projected Development Timeframe (Years) Areas of Focus
(Based on participant input in working
< -15 -- <- 10 -- <---------- 5 Years --------- sessions 1 and 2 (See chapter 4))
Mechanical Generation: Hand Crank
Mechanical Generation: Other kinetic forms
Multi-fuel fuel cell
Conformal storage material
Super fast charging battery
specified.
Place to store generated power
Super-dense battery
Other generation: Mini Hydro
Other generation: Solar
Other generation: Wind
Other generation: Radio isotope
Other generation: Biomass
the bar, the greater the number of stickies
posted for the area of focus in the timeframe
Read the bars from top to bottom. The longer
Other generation: Photovoltaic
Other generation: Piezo Electric
Wireless distribution
Figure 11. Working Session 3 Results Table
Power management and standardization
Customizable power controller, distributor,
sharing, allocation
Distribution through clothing: electro-textile
connector technology
(Red stickies were given a weighting of 2 and yellow stickies a weighting of 1)
Non contact distribution
Areas of Focus, Development Timeframes, and Distribution of Stickies on the Wall
Distribution of "Stickies" Indicating Recommended Areas of Focus for Power/Energy Projects
Page 54 of 76
Transmission via internet
Standard connectors
Standard connection to vehicle

55. 6. Working Session 4: Collaborations and
Projects
The workshop‘s final working session built upon the first three sessions. It's objective
was to discuss potential collaboration opportunities to address the project areas
identified in Working Session 3.
6.1 Project Definition and Participation
Based on the clustering of stickies that participants placed on the wall in Working
Session 3, six areas of promise for collaboration were chosen (see Figure 12. Working
Session 4: Areas Identified for Project Development). To enable participants to
gather and discuss the general characteristics of these six projects, six tables – one for
each project – were designated as gathering places for people to meet and discuss.
Participants were asked to move to the table for the project they were most interested in.
There, they were asked to consider:
1. What technologies does it makes sense to work on first?
2. What would that technology development "project" look like? (A semi-formal
definition statement.)
3. Who would it make sense to involve in that project for any variety of reasons?
Each group outlined a proposed project in their chosen area. A sign-up sheet was
provided to each table, so that those interested in collaborating on the project could
indicate their interest.
Page 55 of 76