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Apoptosis PPT
1. ROLE OF P53 AND Bcl-2
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2. Apoptosis :
When normal cells are beyond repair they are eliminated
by a process called ‘Apoptosis’.
Apoptosis is regulated by two major genes p53 & Bcl-2
Mutations or overexpression of these genes will result in
Cancer.
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3. p53 :
P53 or TP53 is a tumour supressor protein which is encoded by
p53 gene.
In normal cells p53 protein level is low. DNA damage and other stress
signals triggers the level of p53 protien resulting in three major
functions.
(a)Growth arrest
(b)DNA repair
(c)Apoptosis
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5. Mutated p53 & Cancer :
Mutations in wild type p53 cause abnormal cells to proliferate
resulting in cancer.
P53 mutations with in area of p53 accumulation are indentified
with ‘Immuno-Histo Chemistry(IHC).
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6. Prostratic core from TMA showing strong nuclear staining on
Immuno Histo Chemistry for p53 :
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7. B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2) :
Bcl-2 is Apoptosis inhibitor
Its overexpression is associated with Hormone
Refractory Prostrate cancer (HRPC).
More the expression greater will be the the stage of
disease.
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8. Bcl-2 & Apoptosis :
BCL-2 family has 2 types of apoptosis regulatory molecules
1.death antagonists( examples :Bcl-2,Bcl-xL,Mcl-1)
2.death agonists(examples :Bak,Bax,Bcl-xS,Bad,Bid)
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9. Antagonist activity of Bcl-2 & Agonistic activity of BaX
and BaK on Apoptosis :
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10. Conclusion :
It is considered that defective apoptosis is a feature of
malignant development
Induction of apoptosis in malignancies is to be aimed
Detection of apoptosis-related proteins may be of
importance in the prediction of patient’s response to
chemo- or radio-therapy as well as of survival rates
Chemosensitivity testing, thereby individualised
chemotherapy on the basis of patient-specificity, seems to
be promising in the succesful treatment of malignancies.
This testing, thereby, may revolutionize the way we use
anti-cancer drugs in near future
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