1. PART14
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
LAN DESIGN &
1/64
DOCUMENTATION
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
TS, PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

2. Grounding of Networking Equipment
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
2/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

3. Grounding of Networking Equipment
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
3/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

4. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 4/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Surge suppressors

5. Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS)
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
5/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

6. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 6/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
LAN DESIGN

7. LAN design goals
11-2005
– Functionality--speed and reliability
– Scalability--ability to grow without
Khoa CNTT
major changes
– Adaptability--easily implements new
7/64
technologies
– Manageability--facilitates monitoring
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
and ease of management

8. LAN design considerations
11-2005
 The function and placement of servers
Khoa CNTT
 Collision detection issues
 Segmentation issues
8/64
 Broadcast domain issues
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

9. Placement of Servers
11-2005
Servers now perform special functions and can be
categorized as either...
– Enterprise Servers--supports all users on the network
Khoa CNTT
DNS , Mail , WEB … servers
should be placed in the main distribution facility (MDF)
or...
9/64
– Workgroup Servers--supports a specific set of users
file serving such as specialized databases
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
should be place in the intermediate distribution facilities
(IDF) closest to users

10. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 10/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Placement of Servers

11. LAN Segmentation
11-2005
• Segmentation is the process of splitting a
single collision domain into two or more
collision domains.
Khoa CNTT
• Layer 2 devices such as bridges and
switches reduce the size of a collision
11/64
domain.
• Routers reduce the size of the collision
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
domain and the size of the broadcast
domain at Layer 3.

12. Basic Steps in LAN design
11-2005
1. Gather requirements and expectations
Khoa CNTT
2. Analyze requirements and data
3. Design the Layer 1, 2, and 3 LAN
structure, or topology
12/64
4. Document the logical and physical
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
network implementation

13. Gather requirements and expectations
Who are the people who will be using the
11-2005
network?
What is the skill level of these people?
Khoa CNTT
How developed are the organizational
documented policies?
13/64
Has some data been declared mission
critical?
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
Have some operations been declared
mission critical?

14. Gather requirements and expectations
 What protocols are allowed on the network?
11-2005
 Are only certain desktop hosts supported?
 Who is responsible for LAN addressing, naming,
topology design, and configuration?
Khoa CNTT
 What are the organizational human, hardware,
and software resources?
14/64
 How are these resources currently linked and
shared?
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
 What financial resources does the organization
have available?

15. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 15/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Analyze requirements and data

16. Network Availability
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
Throughput
Response time
16/64
Access to resources
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

17. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 17/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Develop LAN Topology

18. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 18/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Developing LAN Topology

19. Important LAN design documentation
11-2005
 OSI layer topology map
 LAN logical map
Khoa CNTT
 LAN physical map
 Cut sheets
19/64
 VLAN logical map
 Layer 3 logical map
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
 Addressing maps

20. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 20/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
OSI layer topology map

21. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 21/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
LAN logical Diagram

22. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 22/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Cut sheets

23. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 23/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
VLAN logical map

24. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 24/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Layer 3 logical map

25. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 25/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Addressing maps

26. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 26/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
LAYER 1 DESIGN

27. Layer 1 design
11-2005
• Choose cable type.
Khoa CNTT
• Identify work area and HCC.
• Identify MDF, IDF, HCC, VCC and POP.
27/64
• Choose Ethernet or Fast Ethernet.
• Documentation and physical diagrams
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

28. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 28/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Example: Wiring closet location

29. Example: Wiring closet layout
3.50m.
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
4.00m.
29/64
Rack 1
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

30. Example: Rack layout
11-2005
HDSL
Backbone and
Server Farm 1
25
2
26
3
27
4
28
5
29
6
30
7
31
8
32
9
33
10
34
11
35
12
36
13
37
14
38
15
39
16
40
17
41
18
42
19
43
20
44
21
45
22
46
23
47
24
48
POWERFAULT DATA ALARM
PIX Firewall
Class Room 1
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
Class Room 2
Router 3662
Khoa CNTT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
Class Room 3
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48
C2924XL - Wg1
C2924XL - Wg2 Mail Server
30/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

31. Example: User location
5.00m. 6.00m. 4.00m. 5.00m.
11-2005
7.00m.
7.00m.
Khoa CNTT
3.00m.
31/64
1.40m. 1.80m.
1.80m.
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
2.00m.
3.50m.
6.20m. 1.40m.
7.00m.

32. Example: Cable run 32
Rack
28
16
UTP UTP
UTP
UTP
UTP
UTP
11-2005
18
UTP
68
UTP 8 UTP UTP
UTP UTP
UTP UTP
UTP
UTP UTP
Khoa CNTT
UTP UTP
UTP
UTP UTP
UTP UTP
UTP UTP UTP
UTP
32/64
UTP
4
6
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
UTP UTP
UTP
UTP
UTP

33. MDF and IDF
11-2005
– Whether the LAN is a star or extended star,
the MDF is the center of the star.
• From the workstation to the
Khoa CNTT
telecommunications outlet, the patch cable
should be no more than 3m.
33/64
• From their to the patch panel, called the
HCC, no more than 90m.
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
• From the patch panel (the HCC) to the
switch, no more than 6m.

34. MDF and IDF
11-2005
– When distances to the MDF are more than
Khoa CNTT
100m, an IDF is normally added.
– The cable run from the IDF to the MDF is
called backbone and is usually fiber.
34/64
– By adding more wiring closets (more IDFs),
you create multiple catchment areas
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

35. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 35/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
MDF and IDF

36. Layer 1 Logical Diagram
 Locations and identification of the MDF and IDF
11-2005
wiring closets.
 Type and quantity of cabling used to
interconnect the IDFs with the MDF.
Khoa CNTT
 Document how many spare cables are available
for increasing the bandwidth between the wiring
closets. For example, if the vertical cabling
36/64
between IDF 1 and the MDF is running at 80%
utilization, two additional pairs could be used to
double the capacity.
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
 Detailed documentation of all cable runs, the
identification numbers, and the port the run is
terminated on at the HCC or VCC.

37. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 37/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Logical Diagram & Cut Sheets

38. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 38/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
LAYER 2 DESIGN

39. Common Layer 2 Devices
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
39/64
The two most common Layer 2 devices are...
 Bridges and
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
 LAN Switches
Microsegmentation of the network reduces the size
of collision domains and reduces collisions.

40. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 40/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Collisions Domain Size with HUB

41. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 41/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
SWITCH Collision Domain

42. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 42/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
SWITCH with HUB

43. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 43/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Migrate to Higher Bandwidth

44. Hierarchical design model
11-2005
Core Distribution Access
Layer2/Layer3 switching Layer3 switching Layer2 switching
Khoa CNTT
44/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

45. Switched LANs, access layer overview
11-2005
• Shared bandwidth
Khoa CNTT
• Switched bandwidth
• MAC layer filtering
45/64
• Microsegment
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

46. Access layer switches
• Catalyst 1900
series
11-2005
Catalyst 1912
• Catalyst 2820
series
Khoa CNTT
• Catalyst 2950
Catalyst 4000
series
46/64
• Catalyst 4000
series
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
• Catalyst 5000
series

47. Distribution layer overview
11-2005
• Aggregation of the wiring closet
connections
Khoa CNTT
• Broadcast/multicast domain definition
• Virtual LAN (VLAN) routing
47/64
• Any media transitions that need to occur
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
• Security

48. Distribution layer switches
11-2005
• Catalyst 2926G
Khoa CNTT
• Catalyst 5000
family
48/64
• Catalyst 6000
family
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

49. Core layer overview
11-2005
• The core layer is a high-speed switching
Khoa CNTT
backbone.
• This layer of the network design should
49/64
not perform any packet manipulation.
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

50. Core layer switches
Catalyst 8540
11-2005
• Catalyst 6500
series
Khoa CNTT
• Catalyst 8500
series Catalyst 1010
50/64
• IGX 8400 series
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
• Lightstream 1010

51. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 51/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
LAYER 3 DESIGN

52. Routers and Design
• Routers provide both physical and logical
11-2005
segmentation.
• Logically, routers segment according to Layer 3
addressing dividing the LAN into logical
Khoa CNTT
segments called subnets.
• VLAN capable switches help routers contain
broadcasts.
52/64
• The graphic shows two broadcast domains.
• Notice there is also two subnets. How do we
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
know that?
• The router provides communication between the
two VLANs.

53. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 53/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
VLANs & Broadcast Domains

54. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 54/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Diagramming a LAN with Routers

55. Diagramming a LAN with Routers
11-2005
– Notice in the graphic that the two networks
are kept separate by the router.
– Each switch serves a different network
Khoa CNTT
regardless of the physical location of the
devices.
55/64
– To create another physical network in a
structured Layer 1 wiring scheme, simply
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH
patch the HCC and VCC into the correct
switch.

56. Logical & Physical Network Maps
 After determining your Layer 1, 2, and 3 design, you
11-2005
can create your addressing (logical) and physical
maps. These are invaluable :
•Give a snapshot of the network
•Show subnet mask info
Khoa CNTT
•Help in troubleshooting
Logical Addressing Mapped to the Physical Network
56/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

57. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 57/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Physical Network Maps

58. PHẠM VĂN TÍNH 58/64 Khoa CNTT 11-2005
Addressing Maps

59. Logical Network Maps & Addressing Maps
11-2005
Khoa CNTT
59/64
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH

60. Cabling
11-2005
C able labels Mounting c able in rac ew ay
Khoa CNTT
P atc h panel S truc ture of a patc h panel
60/64
P unc h T ools P unc hing w ires in J ac k
PHẠM VĂN TÍNH