1. Wed 24 Jun 2009
“Sink the Vandenberg!”
Stevens’ research and planning work helps create artificial
reef off Florida Keys
By Patrick A. Berzinski
Director, University Communications
On May 27, 2009, at 10:24 a.m., the General Hoyt S. Vandenberg became the basis for an
artificial reef in 140 feet of water, seven miles off Key West.
Now resting in an upright
position on the sea floor, the Vandenberg measures ten stories high in the water column, with the
keel set at the deepest point. It is at the top of the structure that most of the ship’s interesting
attributes, including RADAR dishes, are located, some purposely cut from one part of the ship
and welded elsewhere to make attention-getting dive spots from bow to stern, all trimmed to
reach within 40 to 50 feet of the surface.
The successful sinking of the ship in an upright position, meant to maximize its potential as an
artificial reef, represented the climax of weeks of model-testing and repeated sinkings of a mini-
Vandenberg in the high-speed towing tank at Stevens Institute of Technology’s Davidson Lab,
an integral department of the university’s Center for Maritime Systems (CMS).
“This was the first time we intentionally tried to sink anything [in a test],” said Davidson Senior
Technician Bob Weiss. “We usually try to avoid that.”
2. Dr. Raju Datla, Naval Engineering Assistant Director at the CMS, noted the logic behind the
extensive testing. “There were concerns about the ship not sinking properly, or landing it
sideways [on the sea floor]. We were looking for how it sinks for different scenarios. In all the
permutations we tried…all the time it sank properly.”
In April 2008, New Jersey Network’s Science and Technology correspondent Patrick Regan
profiled the test-sinkings then being conducted at Davidson:
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All of this analysis led to the successful spring 2009 sinking of the mighty wartime cargo vessel
in the tropical waters off Key West, as covered by CNN:
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With a hull measuring 500-plus feet, holes cut along the outside of the ship to help it sink
provide swim-through opportunities for advanced and skilled technical divers; yet the properly
certified and trained wreck-diver will be able to swim a full 475 feet along the starboard section
of Deck 1.
Though it is unlikely divers underwater will be able to see end-to-end because the ship is nearly
two football fields long, it is possible that one dive on the Vandenberg could reveal both shallow
and deep-water fish such as Goliath grouper and sailfish, attracted by the clouds of bait expected
to school around the wreck. Of course, it will take multiple dives to get a real sense of its scale.
And over the course of decades the ship is to be densely populated with coral species, sponges,
invertebrates, sea fans and sea whips. Divers will want to make this Florida Keys Shipwreck
Trail entry in their logbook over and over again to see the progression of marine ecosystems as
they develop.
This article incorporates material from related web sources.