In a Nutsheel Via Pictures

1. Group Dynamics and
Team building

2. Opening Case
The Key Ingredients of a Successful Team

3. Groups & Teams
q Group - two or more people with common interests, objectives, and continuing interaction
q Work Team - a group of people with complementary skills who are committed to a common
mission, performance goals, and approach for which they hold themselves mutually accountable

4. Difference between Groups and Teams
Group Team
Strong, clearly focused leader Shared leadership roles
Individual accountability Individual & mutual
accountability
Purpose is same as a Purpose is broader than what
organizational mission, and from top, and accepted by
percolates from the top. team members, helping to
focus on specific goal that
team itself delivers.
Productivity is largely as a result Productivity is largely due to
of individuals in the group collective team efforts

5. Difference between Groups and Teams
Groups Teams
Measure their effectiveness Measure performance directly by
indirectly by their influence on assessing collective work output.
others (e.g. financial
performance of the business,
promotions etc)
Run efficient meetings Encourage open-ended
discussions & active problem-
solving meetings

6. Characteristics of a
Well-Functioning, Effective Group
Relaxed, comfortable, informal atmosphere
Task well understood & accepted
Members listen well & participate
People express feelings & ideas

7. Characteristics of a
Well-Functioning, Effective Group
Conflict & disagreement center
around ideas or methods
Group aware of its operation & function
Consensus decision making
Clear assignments made & accepted

8. Four Stages of Group Development
q Forming
q Storming
q Norming
q Performing

9. Stage 1 - Forming
¡ Definition: Stage 1 teams are generally new teams that are learning how to work together
¡ Characteristics of stage 1 teams: Members tend to be tentative and polite and to have little
conflict
¡ Critical skills and activities: Stage 1 teams need to identify their purpose, develop group norms,
identify group processes, define roles, build relationships and trust
¡ Role of facilitator/leader: Stage 1 teams usually need a strong leader who can help the team go
through its forming activities

10. Stage 2- Storming
¡ Definition: Stage 2 teams have moved past the early forming stages and are
now encountering some disagreements and/or conflict. This is natural, but
teams need to find effective ways to handle conflict before they can move on
to stage 3.
¡ Group characteristics: Members of stage 2 teams tend to exhibit increased
conflict, less conformity and “jockeying” for power.
¡ Critical skills and activities: Stage 2 teams need to learn how to resolve
conflict; clarify their roles, power, and structure; and build consensus through
re-visiting purpose
¡ Role of leader(s): Stage 2 teams need leaders and other team members
who are willing to identify issues and resolve conflict.

11. Stage 3 - Norming
¡ Definition: Stage 3 teams have successfully moved out of the storming stage and are ready to
move to a higher level of communication and problem-solving.
¡ Group characteristics: Members of stage 3 teams demonstrate an improved ability to complete
tasks, solve problems, resolve conflict.
¡ Critical skills and activities: Stage 3 teams need to learn to engage in more sophisticated
problem-solving and decision-making, continue the use of effective strategies for conflict resolution
and take greater levels of responsibility for their roles
¡ Role of leader(s): In stage 3, leaders become less directive, team members feel empowered, and
multiple leaders emerge

12. Performing
¡ Definition: Stage 4 teams are at the highest level of performance and can process their strengths
and weaknesses while accomplishing their goals.
¡ Group characteristics: In stage 4, the team takes a flexible approach to roles and structures
depending on the task at hand. The team is able to evaluate its effectiveness and views conflict is
viewed as an opportunity. Stage 4 teams tend to be energetic, creative, and fun!
¡ Critical skills and activities: Stage 4 teams need to hold high expectations for their performance.
They often use sub-groups as well as the large group for decision-making and task completion.
Teams also recognize the need to ensure that all members are in agreement with the role and
purpose of sub-groups.
¡ Role of Leader: In a stage 4 team, itʼ’s often difficult to identify the leader, because everyone is
sharing in leadership.

13. TYPES OF GROUP
Formal Group Informal Group

14. TYPES OF GROUP
Formal Group
Standing Task Group Task Group

15. Standing Task / Command Group
¡ The Standing Task group are formed by
subordinates reporting directly to the
particular manager and are determined by the
formal organizational chart. E.g. an assistant
regional transport officer and his two transport
supervisors form a command group.

16. Task Group
¡ The task groups are composed of people who
work together to perform a task but involve a
cross- command relationship. Its boundaries
are not located within its immediate
hierarchical superior. E.g. for finding out who
was responsible for causing wrong
medication order would require liaison
between ward in charge, senior sisters and
head nurse.

17. Types of group
Informal
Friendship Interest Reference

18. Interest Group
¡ The interest group involves people who come
together to accomplish a particular goal with
which they are concerned .
¡ Office employees joining hands to go to
vacation or get vacation schedule changed
form an interest group .

19. Friendship group
¡ The friendship group are formed by people
having one or more common features . The
people coming from a same college ,martial
status, political views or having same
language to speak belong to a friendship
group.

20. Reference Group
§ Based of Interest & Friendship.
§ Have in common race, gender, religion, social class, educational level,
profession.

21. Types Of Team
Teams
Management Problem
Work Team Virtual Team
Team Solving Team

22. Theories of group formation
§ Propinquity theory
§ Social System theory
§ Balanced theory
§ Exchange Theory

23. Propinquity Theory
¡ Most basic theory is of Propinquity which asserts that people tend to affiliate
with other because of spatial or geographical closeness. People from the
same area or city tend to be more bound to each other.

24. BALANCE THEORY OF GROUP FORMATION
Individual X Individual Y
Common Attitude & Values
Religion
Politics
Lifestyle
Work

25. Social System theory
¡ The other theory of importance is Social System Theory given by Homans.
The theory corporate the interrelatedness of elements of activities ,
interaction , sentiments and the people usually interact to solve problems,
reduce tension , attain goals and achieve balance. The workers interacting in
this way in organizational setting tends to form groups.

26. Exchange Theory
¡ The Exchange theory is based on rewards and its cost . The interaction
between members is taken as reward and if any relationship which is not
rewarding may be costly enough to cause tensions.

27. Case Study
ODE to Forgotten Hero

28. Thank You