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Paulo	
  Caroli	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
   	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Agile	
  Coach	
  
pcaroli@thoughtworks.com
Twitter: @paulocaroli
	
  
Whiskey,	
  
Sushi	
  and	
  
Flow
Agenda	
  
•  Flow	
  numbers	
  at	
  my	
  bar	
  
•  Queue	
  and	
  wait	
  5me	
  at	
  a	
  Japanese	
  
restaurant	
  
•  Q&A	
  
Flow	
  numbers	
  at	
  my	
  bar	
  
WIP	
  
•  The	
  number	
  of	
  bo?les	
  in	
  the	
  bar.	
  Bo?les	
  
that	
  have	
  been	
  opened,	
  but	
  are	
  not	
  yet	
  
empty.	
  
Lead	
  5me	
  
•  The	
  5me	
  between	
  the	
  bo?le	
  is	
  added	
  to	
  
the	
  bar	
  and	
  the	
  bo?le	
  comes	
  out	
  of	
  the	
  
bar	
  (empty).	
  	
  
Cycle	
  5me	
  
•  The	
  5me	
  between	
  two	
  successive	
  empty	
  
bo?les	
  leaving	
  the	
  bar	
  
Throughput	
  
•  The	
  rate	
  at	
  which	
  bo?les	
  are	
  passing	
  through	
  
the	
  bar.	
  	
  
Batch	
  size	
  
•  The	
  size	
  of	
  the	
  bo?les.	
  	
  
My	
  bar…	
  
I	
  was	
  really	
  interested	
  in	
  
measuring	
  a	
  whiskey	
  bo?le	
  
average	
  lead	
  5me	
  in	
  my	
  bar...	
  
“The	
  average	
  number	
  of	
  work	
  
items	
  in	
  a	
  stable	
  system	
  is	
  equal	
  
to	
  their	
  average	
  comple5on	
  rate,	
  
mul5plied	
  by	
  their	
  average	
  5me	
  
in	
  the	
  system.”	
  	
  
	
  
John	
  Li(le,	
  1961	
  
Doing	
  
(Limit)	
   Done	
  To	
  Do	
  
10	
  
5	
  
9	
  
31	
  
18	
  
17	
  
21	
  
4	
  
7	
  
5	
  
1	
  
12	
  
John	
  
Suzy	
  
Paul	
  
Amy	
  
WIP	
  
Lead	
  Time	
  
WIP	
  =	
  Throughput	
  x	
  Lead	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
Please	
  help	
  me	
  out...	
  
12	
  bo?les...	
  
an	
  average	
  of	
  6	
  bo?les	
  per	
  year…	
  
What	
  is	
  the	
  average	
  lead	
  
5me	
  for	
  a	
  bo?le	
  of	
  
whiskey?	
  
(a)	
  2	
  months	
  
(b)	
  3	
  months	
  
(c)	
  6	
  months	
  
(d)	
  1	
  year	
  
(e)	
  2	
  years	
  
	
  
What	
  is	
  the	
  average	
  lead	
  5me	
  for	
  
a	
  bo?le	
  of	
  whiskey?	
  
WIP	
  =	
  Throughput	
  x	
  Lead	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
	
  	
  
	
  
WIP	
  =	
  Throughput	
  x	
  Lead	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
12	
  b	
  =	
  6	
  b	
  /	
  year	
  x	
  Lead	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
	
  
WIP	
  =	
  Throughput	
  x	
  Lead	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
12	
  b	
  =	
  6	
  b	
  /	
  year	
  x	
  Lead	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
Lead	
  5me	
  =	
  2	
  years	
  	
  
	
  
How	
  to	
  reduce	
  lead	
  5me?	
  
Queue	
  and	
  wait	
  5me	
  
very	
  hungry	
  
one	
  temaki	
  
more	
  than	
  30	
  
minutes	
  
very	
  frustrated	
  
“The	
  total	
  wait	
  5me	
  for	
  a	
  given	
  
item	
  is	
  the	
  sum	
  of	
  its	
  queue	
  5me	
  
plus	
  its	
  working	
  5me.”	
  	
  
	
  
Paulo	
  Caroli,	
  2013	
  (at	
  
AgileTrendsSP)	
  
Total	
  Wait	
  	
  
=	
  	
  
Queue	
  5me	
  +	
  Work	
  5me	
  	
  
	
  
Different	
  kind	
  of	
  work	
  items	
  
Different	
  kind	
  of	
  work	
  items	
  
10	
  minutes	
  
1	
  minute	
  
Acer	
  a	
  few	
  months,	
  I	
  went	
  back	
  
to	
  the	
  restaurant	
  and	
  took	
  a	
  look	
  
at	
  their	
  kanban	
  system.	
  I	
  no5ced	
  
that	
  all	
  orders	
  follow	
  a	
  single	
  
queue.	
  
Single	
  Queue	
  
Please	
  help	
  me	
  out...	
  
What	
  is	
  the	
  wait	
  5me?	
  
Single	
  Queue	
  
 
Queue	
  5me	
  	
  
between	
  30	
  and	
  40	
  minutes	
  
	
  
	
  4	
  large	
  orders;	
  1	
  being	
  worked	
  
on,	
  3	
  in	
  the	
  queue;	
  	
  
each	
  large	
  order	
  takes	
  10	
  
minutes	
  
	
  
 
Work	
  5me	
  	
  
1	
  minute	
  
	
  
a	
  small	
  order	
  takes	
  1	
  minute	
  
	
  
Total	
  Wait	
  	
  
=	
  	
  
Queue	
  5me	
  	
  
(between	
  30	
  and	
  40	
  minutes)	
  
+	
  	
  
Work	
  5me	
  (1	
  minute)	
  
	
  
How	
  to	
  reduce	
  	
  
total	
  wait	
  5me?	
  
Two	
  Queues	
  
What	
  is	
  the	
  new	
  wait	
  5me	
  
for	
  my	
  small	
  order?	
  (small	
  
order	
  takes	
  priority)	
  
Paulo	
  Caroli	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
   	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  	
  Agile	
  Coach	
  
pcaroli@thoughtworks.com
Twitter: @paulocaroli
	
  
	
  
	
  Op;mizingTheFlow.com	
  
@paulocaroli	
  
Thank	
  you!	
  
Ques;ons?	
  
	
  

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Whiskey sushi and flow