2. Etymology & Pharmacology
• Company or Manufacture
• Drug’s Action or Effect
• Pharmacokinetics
• Origin & Structure
General Rules
Pharmacology Mnemonics

6. dar as-
sina'ah
Arzenale Arsenal
Arabic Italian English

11. Medical uses:
• Dyslipidemia ( Lipids & Cholesterol)
• Cardiovascular disease (CHD, Stroke)
• Lipitor, is a member of the drug class ended
by
• Action: inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase (an
enzyme found in liver tissue that plays a key role
in production of cholesterol in the body).

12. lasts Two to Six hours

13. Bronchodilator

14. Used to inhibit blood clots in coronary artery disease, peripheral
vascular disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Works by
irreversibly inhibiting adenosine diphosphate ADP chemoreceptor.

15. “Milk Anesthesia”
“Milk of Amnesia"
• Intravenous (IV)
• Anesthetic NOT Analgesic
• Sedative & Hypnotic
• Short-acting
Was a contributing
factor in Jackson's
death in 2009

16. Scientific Name: Atenolol
Examples:
Propranolol
Timolol
Esmolol
Metoprolol
Beta blocker
Produce
( Blood Pressure )

17. HCL (stomach) secretions
Scientific Name: Omeprazole
Examples:
Lansoprazole
Dexlansoprazole
Esomeprazole
Pantoprazole
Rabeprazole
Other Brand Names
Prilosec ®
Losec ®

18. IMPORTANT: Used with caution in patients with a history of recent (5 to 6
months) Streptococcal Infection because they may have antibodies against the
drug resulting in increased resistance to its action.
Brand Name
Streptase ®
Isolated from

19. Serotonin 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonist
Scientific Name: Tropisetron
Examples:
Ondansetron (Zofran ®)
Granisetron
Palonosetron
Dolasetron
identified
by the
suffix –
setron
Antiemetic to treat
following Chemotherapy
Another Brand Name: Setrovel ®

20. • Non-depolarizing Neuromuscular
Blocking Agent
Scientific Name: Cisatracurium Besilate
Examples:
Atracurium (Tracrium ®)
Doxacurium (Nuromax ®)
Mivacurium (Mivacron ®)
identified
by the
suffix –
acurium
Important Tips:
• Mechanical Ventilation
• Adjunct to Anesthesia
• NOT Analgesic !!
• Produce Hypotension due
to Histamine Release

21. Short acting
Scientific Name: Remifentanil
Examples:
Alfentanil (Alfenta®)
Sufentanil (Sufenta®)
Carfentanil (Wildnil ®)
Lofentanil
Fentanyl
Analogues
• Analgesic & Anesthetic
• 100 times more potent than Morphine

24. Examples

25. Examples

26. Examples

31. • SalivationS
• LacrimationL
• UrinationU
• DigestionD
• DefecationD
• BronchoconstrictionB
Vagal Stimulation = Bradycardia
Parasympathetic Nervous System
Dry Mouth
Dry Eye
Urinary
Retention
Constipation
Constipation
Bronchodilation
Tachycardia
Atropine

32. • Miosis (pin point pupil)
• Orthostatic hypotension
• Respiratory depression
• Physical dependency
• Histamine release
• Increased ICP
• Nausea
• Euphoria
• Sedation

33. • Metronidazole
M
• Chloramphenicol
C
• Aminoglycosides
A
• Tetracyclines
T
Hepatic Failure
Gray Baby Syndrome
Ototoxicity
Teeth Discoloration &
Liver Failure
Relatively Contraindicated
& Others like Nitrofurantoin , Quinolones
and Sulfonamides

34. Alprazolam
Xanax ®
Peak:1-2 hours
Half-life: 6-12 hours
Anxiolytic
Diazepam
Valium ®
Peak: 1-2 hours
Half-life: 20-100 hours
Anxiolytic Anticonvulsant
Muscle relaxant
Lorazepam
Ativan ®
Peak: 2-4 hours
Half-life: 10-20 hours
Anxiolytic Anticonvulsant
Midazolam
Dormicum ®
Peak: 0.5-1 hours
Half-life: 1.8-6 hours
Hypnotic
Flumazenil
Anexate ®
Antidote for
benzodiazepines