2. THEORY EXAM

3. Theory exams are a way for you to show
what you have learned.
Unlike an objective test, essays exams are
not checking to see if you have learned
certain pieces of information.
Instead they give you an opportunity to
show how you can apply what you know
and come to conclusions about what you
have studied.

4. What we hope to see is analysis of the
material (showing how it breaks
logically into parts) and synthesis
(how the parts relate to some larger
whole) in your answers.
There is more to an exam than sitting
down and writing everything you know
before you forget it.

5. Before the Exam
Start preparing for your exams.
Plan reviews as part of your regular weekly
study schedule; consequently, you review
over the whole quarter rather than just at
exam time.

6. Tips on writing the essay-type
examination
The well-organized, neat-appearing
individual will usually get the nod over
another equally capable person who is
disorganized and careless in appearance.
 Although other factors are involved, the
analogy to examination writing is a skill.
This skill can be improved by practice.

7. Before you write
 Read all questions before you start to write.
 As you read the questions, make sure you
understand what you are being asked.
 Answers will come to mind immediately for some
questions
 As ideas and examples come to you, jot them down
on scratch paper or on the back of the test so that
you won't clutter your mind trying to remember
everything

8. Outline the answer before writing.
 Whether the teacher realizes it or not, he/she is
greatly influenced by the compactness and clarity
of an organized answer.
 To begin writing in the hope that the right answer
will somehow turn up is time consuming and
usually futile.
 To know a little and to present that little well is,
by and large, superior to knowing much and
presenting it poorly--when judged by the mark it
receives.

9. Set up a time schedule.
If questions for 100 mark are to be
answered in 180 minutes, allow yourself
only 15 minutes for each 10 marks.
When the time is up for one question, stop
writing and begin the next one.
There will be 30 minutes remaining when
the last question is completed.

10. The incomplete answers can be
completed during the time.
 Six incomplete answers, by the way,
will usually receive more credit than
three completed ones.
 Of course, if one question is worth
more points than the others you allow
more time to write it.
The examiner can't give you any
credit for a question you haven't
attempted.

11. Partially answering all questions is better than
fully answering some but not others.
Budget your time according to the point value
of each question, allowing time for
proofreading and any unexpected
emergencies (such as taking longer than you
expected on a questions or going blank for a
while.)
Work on the "easiest" parts first. If your
strength is essay questions, answer those first
to get the maximum points.
 Pace yourself to allow time for the more
difficult parts.

12. •One of the biggest problems students have
(other than failing to prepare correctly) is
running out of time.
•Plan a time budget and stick to it.
•You can always go back to a question that is
giving you problems after you answer all the
ones you do know.
•By spending too much time on a difficult
question early in the test, you could lose credit
for questions that you knew the answers to.

13. you are not penalized for incorrect
responses.
Save time at the end of the exam to
review your test and make sure you
haven't left out any answers or parts of
answers.
This is difficult to do under the stress
of exams, but it often keeps you from
making needless errors.

14. While you write
Be sure your answer has a definite
response that directly answers the
question.
State this within the first few sentences of
your answer.
Provide specific as well as general
information in your response by including
examples, substantiating facts, and
relevant details

15. Write legibly.
If your mind goes blank or you don't know
much about a question, relax and brainstorm
for a few moments about the topic.
Recall pages from your texts, particular
lectures, and class discussions to trigger
your memory about ideas relevant to the
question.
Write these ideas down as coherently as you
can.

16. If you find yourself out of time on a
question but with more to say, quickly
write down in outline form what you would
write if you had time.
Make sure you write the correct question
number.

17. CLINICAL EXAM
LONG CASE
SHORT CASES
ORALS
WARD ROUNDS

18. Main reasons when case
presentation fails

19. Main reasons when case
presentation fails
1. Not enough preparation
2. Not enough knowledge
3. Anxiety / nervousness overcomes you
4. Not seen a similar case before
5. Over-confidence
6. Language restraints

20. Not enough preparation
Number of cases presented is directly
proportional to the status of preparation
In most of PG teaching programs, it is
difficult to find a person to present.
Lack of regular PG teaching programs.
Not exposed to different methodology of
examination ( examiners)

21. Not enough preparation
No schematic protocol
Practice makes you perfect
Speaking disease
See more number of cases
Make a habit of writing the case sheet
Present to your colleague
Don’t look at the x-ray first
Think / write your line of management

22. SPEAKING DISEASE
It may start night before examination
Fear of presentation ( speaking)
Fear of examiner and others present
Fear of mistakes
You may get obsessed with the greatest fear
of all, best expressed by Roscoe Drummond

23. “ The mind is a wonderful thing – it
starts working the minute you are born
and never stops until you get up to
speak in public”
Roscoe Drummond

24. How do you deal with it?
Anxiety is a natural state that exists any time
we are placed under stress.
Examination normally will cause some stress.
Don’t worry, it is normal.
The trick is to make your excess energy work
for you.
When you learn to make stress work for you,
it can be the fuel for a more enthusiastic and
dynamic presentation.

25. Tips for reducing anxiety
Organize – knowing that your thoughts are
well organized will give you more confidence,
which will allow you to focus energy into
your presentation.
Visualize –
Practice –
Breathe
Focus on relaxing
Release tension
Move
Eye contact with all examiners

26. Make a habit of writing case sheets
Writing the IP case sheets
And Cases presented
Keep time limit

27. Think / write your line of
management
Investigations can be written
Can write management when practicing
assuming your diagnosis is correct
In exam don’t write, only think
You have written D/D
Think of management of those.

28. Not enough knowledge
To some extent directly proportional to the
time spent on preparation
Nobody can help you if you don’t know
basics.
Some times you know , but you forget.
Answer is more work
Read about management of every (exam)
case you see in your ward.

29. Common Exam cases
Osteomyelitis
AVN
Sec OA
Perthes
Tuberculosis osteoarticular
Coxa Vara
Nerve injuries
Genu Varum / Genu Valgum

30. 10 most human fears in USA
1. Speaking before
a group
2. Heights
3. Insects and Bugs
4. Financial
problems
5. Deep water
6. Sickness
7. Death
8. Flying
9. Loneliness
10. Dogs

31. Not seen a similar case before
Practical problem in some centers
Talk to your teachers
Programs like this are little too short and
cannot have personal attention to the extent
desired
PG training programs???

32. Over-confidence
Should be confident
You can stick to your answer if you are sure
of what you say.
Don’t argue, you can discuss.
Unfortunate, but sometimes, toe(w) the line
of examiner.
Any body can be wrong.
Realize that you are on the other side of the
bench

33. Language restraints
YOU CAN ASK FOR TRANSLATOR
Should never be a problem.
It should not / will not matter

34. Examiners faults
1. Could be wrong
2. Other examiners will bring it out during
discussion
3. Cannot do it in front of you
4. Different views
5. No uniformity in some topics

35. To conclude
Steps for a winning presentation
Quote relevant points from recent journals
 – creates an impression
Whatever statement you make, Define your
objectives
Analyze your audience
Construct your presentation
Practice, practice, practice, practice,
practice ……