Upgrading To 11g

Oracle DB 11g Overview
Upgrading to 11g – What That Means to You?
Virtual Classroom
Steve Flournoy
OD Solutions Specialist

Oracle Database 11g Release 2
Specific Areas of Cost Reduction

• Reduce hardware costs by factor of 5x
• Reduce storage costs by factor of 12x
• Improve performance by at least 10x
• Eliminate downtime AND unused redundancy
• Raise DBA productivity by at least 2x
• Considerably simplify your software portfolio
• Reduce upgrade costs by a factor of 4x

© 2009 Oracle Corporation – Proprietary and Confidential

Lifetime Support Policy
Feature Premier Extended Sustaining
Support Support Support
Major Product and Technology Releases

Technical Support

Access to Knowledge Base
(MetaLink/Customer
Connection/SupportWeb)
Updates, Fixes, Security Alerts and Critical Pre-
Pre-existing
Patch Updates Only
Tax, Legal and Regulatory Updates No
Upgrade Scripts No
Certification with existing Third Party No
Products/Versions
Certification with New Third Party No No
Products/Versions
Certification with new Oracle Products No

Lifetime Support Policy
today

August 2012 August 2015

July 2010 July 2011 July 2013
R2

January 2009 January 2012

Sustaining Support
Premier Support Extended Support
R2 July 2007 July 2008 July 2010

t
2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

2016
2015
http://www.oracle.com/support/library/brochure/lifetime-support-technology.pdf

Upgrade to Oracle Database 11g

≥ 7.3.4
R2
≥ 9.2.0.4

≥ 8.0.6

≥ 8.1.7.4

R2
≥ 9.0.1.4

Agenda
Oracle 11g Overview
• Manageability & Testing
• Real Application Testing
• Grid Computing / High Availability
• Active DG
• Online Application Upgrade
• RAC (New Features)
• Performance / Storage Management
• Advance Compression
• Partitioning
• In-Memory Cache
• ASM Cluster File System
• Database Security
• Monitoring
• Access Control
• Encryption & Masking

Real Application Testing Option
Reduces the time required to test changes

Real Application Testing Delivers
Adaptive Change Assurance
• Reduces risk of new
technology adoption Deploy
through higher testing Test
quality Change

• Reduces time for
effective testing from Remediate
weeks to days

Solution for the Agile Business

RAT: From Manual to Automated
Typical Steps in Test Phase
1 2 3 4 5

Real Application Testing

SQL
DATABASE
PERFORMANCE
REPLAY
ANALYZER

Real Application Testing with
SQL Performance Analyzer (SPA)

• Measure and report on performance before and
after a change
Great For
• Database upgrades including patch deployments
• Database Initialization Parameter Changes
• Schema Changes
• Optimizer Statistics Refresh
• Changes to the OS & HW
• Implementing Tuning Recommendations

SQL Performance Analyzer (SPA)
• Test impact of change on SQL query performance
• Capture SQL workload in production including statistics & bind
variables
• Re-execute SQL queries in test environment
• Tune regressed SQL and seed SQL plans for production
Client Client Client
… Production Test

Middle Tier Re-execute SQL Queries

Capture SQL
… … Use SQL Tuning
Oracle DB Advisor to tune
regression

Storage

SQL Performance Analyzer
Workflow
Make Change Tune SQL

Initial Post-Change Tuned
Environment Environment Environment

Execute Re-execute SQL Tuning
Production SQL SQL Advisor
and Gather Stats
Execute SQL
Compare Performance

Typical Configuration

Task Result

Database Replay
• Recreate actual production database workload in test environment
• Capture workload in production including critical concurrency
• Replay workload in test with production timing
• Analyze & fix issues before production

… Production Test

Middle Tier Replay DB Workload

Capture DB Workload … …
Test migration
Oracle DB to RAC

Storage

Database Replay: Supported
Changes

…
Changes
Unsupported
Middle Tier

Changes Supported
•Database Upgrades, Patches
•Schema, Parameters Recording of
External Client
•RAC nodes, Interconnect Requests
•OS Platforms, OS Upgrades Storage
•CPU, Memory
•Storage
•Etc.

DB Replay Reports
Users can generate reports during or at the end of replay

Active Data Guard
Saving on storage costs and increasing performance

Oracle Active Data Guard 11g
Increase performance and utilization

• Physical standbys:
• Most popular type of standby database
• Simple, fast, supports all data types and applications
• In Data Guard 10g
• Can be open read-only, but Redo Apply has to stop
• Latest data is not available for query or reports
• Also prolongs switchover / failover
• Oracle Active Data Guard 11g – a new Database Option
• Real-time Query enables read-only access to a physical
standby database while Redo Apply is active

Active Data Guard
Real-time Query

Concurrent
Real-Time Query
Continuous Redo
Shipment and Apply
Primary Physical Standby
Database Database

• Read-only queries on physical standby concurrent with redo
apply
• Supports RAC on primary and/or standby
• Queries see transactionally consistent results
• Handles all data types, but not as flexible as logical standby

Snapshot Standby
Leverage Standby Database for Testing

Updates Queries
Updates

Primary Snapshot Standby
Physical
Database Database
Database

• Preserves zero data loss – continuous redo transport while open read-write
• Truly leverages standby database and DR hardware for multiple purposes
• Similar to storage snapshots, but provides DR at the same time and uses
single copy of storage

Online Application Upgrade
Application Upgrade can now be performed online

Online Application Upgrade
Edition-based redefinition
• Code changes are installed in the privacy of a new
edition
• Data changes are made safely by writing only to new
columns or new tables not seen by the old edition
• An editioning view exposes a different projection of a
table into each edition to allow each to see just its own
columns
• A crossedition trigger propagates data changes made
by the old edition into the new edition’s columns, or (in
hot-rollover) vice-versa

Oracle Real Application Clusters
RAC provides fault tolerance, performance, and scalability

Real Application Clusters
Virtualizes server resources

HR SALES ERP

• Runs all Oracle database applications
• Highly available and scalable
• Adapts to changes in workloads


Dynamic Cluster Partitioning via
Server Pools
Back Office Front Office Depart/LOB Free

• Dynamically assigns servers to run groups of related workload
• Allocation is Policy Managed – Min/Max, Relative Importance
• Unassigned Servers go to Free Pool
• Cluster reconfigures if a pool falls below its minimums

Database Diagnostic Pack with
RAC • “Plain English”
Database-Level performance expert in a
ADDM box
11g • Identify the most
“Globally Significant”
Self-Diagnostic Engine performance problems for
the entire RAC cluster
database
• Database-wide analysis
of:
Instance-Level • Global cache
ADDM interconnect issues
• Global resource
contention, e.g. IO
Inst 1 Inst 2 Inst 3 bandwidth, hot blocks
• Globally high-load
AWR 1 AWR 2 AWR 3 SQL
• Skew in instance
response times

Advanced Compression Option
Saving on storage costs and increasing performance

Oracle Advanced
Compression Option
• SecureFiles • Data Pump Data
Compression • Data Guard Redo
• OLTP Table Deduplication
Transport
Compression • SecureFiles • RMAN Fast Backup Compression
Compression Compression

Unstructured
Relational Data Backup Data Network Data
Data
Compression Compression Compression
Compression

• Reduces resource requirements and
costs
• Storage System
• Network Bandwidth
• Memory Usage

Oracle Advanced
Compression Option

New Features in Oracle Database 11g

• Data Recovery Advisor
• Multisection Backups
• Fast Backup Compression
• Network-enabled Database Duplication.
• Virtual Private Catalog
• Integration with Windows Volume Shadow
Copy Services (VSS)

Real World Compression Results
10 Largest ERP Database Tables

2500
Data Storage
2000

1500
Table Scans
1000 0.4

500
0.3
DML
0

3x Saving
0.2 40
Performance
30
0.1

20
0

10
2.5x Faster
0

< 3% Overhead

Oracle Database 11g
Compression Advisor

• Analyzes objects to give estimate of space savings
for different compression methods
• Helps in deciding correct compression level for
application
• Recommends various strategies for compression
• Picking the right compression algorithm for a particular data set
• Sorting on a particular column for increasing compression ratio
• Presents tradeoffs between different compression algorithms
• DBMS_COMPRESSION package (11g R2)
• Provides tools for estimating compressibility of a table


Partitioning Option
Allows database tables and indexes to be divided into
smaller, more manageable parts

Oracle Partitioning
10 years of innovation
Core functionality
Oracle8 Range partitions, global range index
Oracle8i Hash and composite range-hash partitioning
Oracle9i List partitioning
Oracle9i R2 Composite range-list partitioning
Oracle 10g Global hash indexes
Oracle 10g 1M partitions per table
Partitioning by reference
R2 Virtual column partitioning
Automatic interval partitioning
New composite partitioning:
range-range, list-range,
list-list, list-hash

Partitioning in Oracle Database 11g
Advice, Ease, even more Business-driven designs

ORDERS ORDERS ORDERS

>5000

<4999
Jan Feb Jan Feb

Partition Automatic Business-driven
Advisor Interval, and Composite
Reference Partitioning
Partitioning

Manage Data Growth
Partition for performance, management
and cost
ORDERS TABLE (7 years)

2003 2008 2009

95% Less Active 5% Active

Low End Storage Tier High End Storage Tier
2-3x less per terabyte

Partitioning and Advanced Compression
Better Together – Simple Savings You Can Count On
ORDERS
ORDERS (10 TB @ $72*) (2 TB @ $72* & 8 TB @ $14*)
Single Large Table 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005

Europe
Partitioning
USA
Cost = $720,000 Savings = $464,000
Over 85%
Storage Compression
Compression
Savings 3 to 1
3 to 1
ORDERS
ORDERS
(.7 TB @ $72* & 2.7 TB @ $14*)
(3.3 TB @ $72*) 2009 2008 2007 2006 2005
Europe
Partitioning
USA
Savings - $482,400
Combined Savings = $631,800

Note: * - $ per GB of storage

Oracle ILM Assistant

• Oracle ILM Assistant Manages the ILM
environment
• Define Lifecycle Definitions
• Illustrates Storage Costs & Savings
• Manage Compliance & Security
• Calendar of Events
• Simulates the impact of partitioning on a table
• Advises how to
• Partition a Table
• Generates Scripts to move data when required

Lifecycle Definition

Cost Savings By Storage Tier

In-Memory Database Cache
An Oracle Database Option
Telco Services CRM, Portal,
Financial Services SaaS,
Customer-facing
Applications
Real-Time
BAM & BI • Deployed as a read/write
cache for Oracle Database

• Transactional SQL
Application Application Application processing for cached
In-Memory In-Memory In-Memory
Database
Cache
Database
Cache
Database
Cache
data

• Greatly improve
application response time

Automatic Storage Managment
Eliminates need for conventional file system and volume manager

ASM 11g Enhancements
Cluster File System (ACFS)
Databases Applications File Systems

Automatic Storage Management (ASM)

DB Datafiles OCR and Voting Files Oracle Binaries 3rd Party File Systems

• ASM supports ALL data
• Database files
• File systems: ACFS, 3rd-party file systems
• Shared Clusterware files: OCR and Voting disk now stored
in ASM

Other ASM Enhancements
• Improved Management
Frequently Infrequently
• ASM Install & Configuration Accessed Accessed
Assistant (ASMCA) Data Data
• Full Featured ASMCMD
• ASM File Access Control
• ASM Disk Group Rename
• Datafile to Disk Mapping
• Tunable Performance
• Intelligent Data Placement


Securing Data in Your
Database

• Encryption • Activity Monitoring
• Masking • Change Tracking
• Classification • Discovery and
Assessment
• Access Control
• Secure
Configuration
Detection

Oracle Confidential
59

Database Defense-in-Depth
Monitoring
• Configuration Management
• Audit Vault
• Total Recall

Access Control
• Database Vault
• Label Security

Encryption & Masking
• Advanced Security
Access Control
• Secure Backup
Monitoring • Data Masking

Oracle Confidential
60

Monitoring
• Audit Vault
• Total Recall

Access Control
• Database Vault
• Label Security

Access Control
• Secure Backup

Oracle Confidential
61

Encryption and Masking
What We Heard From Our Customers…
• “Our PCI auditors say we have to encrypt credit card data
whether it is in motion, rest, or storage.”
• “We need to encrypt personal identity information to comply
with EU Data Privacy but cannot change our applications.”
• “We want to store medical records in our database but we
need to encrypt to comply with CA AB 1298.”
• “We send back-ups off-site and need to make sure they are
secure even if off-site facility is compromised.”
• “We need to protect confidential data in test environments
when the data is used by developers or offshore vendors
• “We need to share customer data with 3rd parties without
revealing personally identifiable information”
When in Doubt, Encrypt or Mask
Encryption / Masking Recognized as Defensible Safeguard

Oracle Advanced Security
Transparent Data Encryption
Disk

Backups

Exports

Application
Off-Site
Facilities

• Complete encryption for data at rest
• No application changes required
• Efficient encryption of all application data
• Built-in key lifecycle management

Oracle Confidential
63

Oracle Advanced Security
Network Encryption & Strong
Authentication

• Standard-based encryption for data in transit
• Strong authentication of users and servers
• No infrastructure changes required
• Easy to implement

Oracle Confidential
64

Oracle Advanced Security Option
Encryption and Strong Authentication Services

Strong
Authentication
Network
Encryption
Data Data
Automatically Written Transparent
Decrypted To Disk Data Encryption
Through Automatically
SQL Interface Encrypted

Transparent Data Encryption
With RMAN Can Encrypt
Entire Backups Sent to Disk

Oracle Data Masking
What is data masking?
What LAST_NAME SSN SALARY
• The act of anonymizing customer, AGUILAR 203-33-3234 40,000
financial, or company confidential BENSON 323-22-2943 60,000
data to create new, legible data
D’SOUZA 989-22-2403 80,000
which retains the data's properties,
such as its width, type, and format. FIORANO 093-44-3823 45,000

Why
• To protect confidential data in test
LAST_NAME SSN SALARY
environments when the data is used
by developers or offshore vendors ANSKEKSL 111—23-1111 40,000

• When customer data is shared with BKJHHEIEDK 111-34-1345 60,000
3rd parties without revealing KDDEHLHESA 111-97-2749 80,000
personally identifiable information FPENZXIEK 111-49-3849 45,000

Enterprise Manager
Data Masking Pack
Test
Clone Clone
Test
Production Staging

Major features
• Automatic database referential integrity when masking primary keys
• Implicit – database enforced
• Explicit – application enforced
• Data mask format library
• View sample data before masking
• Application masking templates
• Define once; execute multiple times

Oracle Data Masking
Irreversible De-Identification

Production Non-Production
LAST_NAME SSN SALARY LAST_NAME SSN SALARY
AGUILAR 203-33-3234 40,000 111—23-
ANSKEKSL 60,000
1111
BENSON 323-22-2943 60,000 BKJHHEIEDK 222-34-1345 40,000

• Remove sensitive data from non-production databases
• Referential integrity preserved so applications continue to work
• Sensitive data never leaves the database
• Extensible template library and policies for automation

Oracle Confidential
68

Monitoring
• Audit Vault
• Total Recall

Access Control
• Database Vault
• Label Security

Access Control
• Secure Backup

Oracle Confidential
69

Access Control
What we heard from our customers…
• “No user should be able to by-pass our application to access
information in the database directly.”
• “How can I restrict access to data on a “need to know” basis in
order to protect dat privacy and achieve regulatory
compliance?”
• “Legal says our DBA should not be able to read financial
records, but the DBA needs to access the database to do her
job. What do we do?”
• “Our SOX auditors require that we separate account creation
from granting privileges to accounts.”
• “How do we keep the Finance department from running reports
during production hours?”
• “New DBAs should not be able to make database changes
without a senior DBA being present.”

Oracle Label Security
Data Classification for Access Control

Sensitive
Transactions

Confidential
Report Data
Public
Reports
Confidential Sensitive

• Classify users and data based on business drivers
• Database enforced row level access control
• Users classification through Oracle Identity Management Suite
• Classification labels can be factors in other policies

Oracle Confidential
71

Row Level Security

Select * from employee_org

Label Authorization
Sensitive : HR : US
employee_org
LJ1 Confidential

LUS3 Sensitive : HR : US

LUK4 Sensitive : HR : UK

Policy Administration Model
HR Law Enforcement Government
Policy Policy Policy
Confidential Level 1 Confidential
Levels Sensitive Level 2 Secret
Highly Sensitive Level 3 Top Secret

Compartments PII Data Internal Affairs Desert Storm
Investigation Drug Border Protection
Enforcement
HR REP Local Jurisdiction NATO
Groups Senior HR REP FBI Homeland
Justice Security

Oracle Database Vault
Separation of Duties & Privileged User
Controls

Procurement
DBA
HR
Application
Finance

select * from finance.customers

• DBA separation of duties
• Limit powers of privileged users
• Securely consolidate application data
• No application changes required

Oracle Confidential
74

Extend the Separation of Duties to the
application level

SELECT * FROM HR.EMP
• Customer may want to lock down the
DB application structure even from the
application owner. DBA

• Prevent HR user from changing the HR Realm
DB structure even though he owns HR
these objects. Disallow
HR App DBA Drop Table

• Using DV, we can prevent HR App
DBA from dropping any table he FIN Realm
owns. FIN
FIN App DBA

Oracle Database Vault
Multi-Factor Access Control Policy
Enforcement

Procurement

HR

Application Rebates

• Protect application data and prevent application by-pass
• Enforce who, where, when, and how using rules and factors
• Out-of-the box policies for Oracle applications, customizable

Oracle Confidential
76

Oracle Database Vault Demo
Transparent Multi-factor Authorization
• DV helps customers
implement strict access
control security policies SELECT ….
HR
• Access can be restricted Unexpected IP address
by IP address, or subnet,
HR account
time or application
interface.

• Using DV, we can prevent
CREATE …
the DBA from executing
alter system commands FIN
from a specific IP Business hours
FIN DBA
address.

Monitoring
• Audit Vault
• Total Recall

Access Control
• Database Vault
• Label Security

Access Control
• Secure Backup

Oracle Confidential
78

Monitoring
What We Heard From Our Customers…

• “How can I monitor all of my database
users, especially privilege users to ensure
they are not abusing their powers?”
• “I would like to get alerts to flag
unauthorized activities making it easy to
detect insider threats”
• “I need out-of-the-box reports for activities
associated with privileged user activity and
access to sensitive data”

Oracle Audit Vault
Automated Activity Monitoring & Audit
HR DataReporting ! Alerts

Built-in
CRM Data Reports
Audit
Data Custom
ERP Data Reports

Databases Policies
Auditor

• Consolidate audit data into secure repository
• Detect and alert on suspicious activities
• Out-of-the box compliance reporting
• Centralized audit policy management

Oracle Confidential

Oracle Audit Vault
Monitor Database Activity with a Secure Audit Data Warehouse

• Manage Audit Data
• Secure consolidation of audit data
from all Oracle databases
• Centrally manage all Oracle Report Monitor Enforce Secure
database audit settings
• Detect suspicous activities IBM DB2
• Monitor all database users –
especially privileged users Sybase
• Alert on unauthorized activities Oracle Database
• Simplify compliance reporting 9i Release 2 SQL Server
Oracle Database 10g Oracle Database
• Built-in compliance reports Release 1 11g
Oracle Database
• Define custom reports 10g Release 2

Oracle Total Recall
Secure Change Tracking
select salary from emp AS OF TIMESTAMP
'02-MAY-09 12.00 AM‘ where emp.title = ‘admin’

• Transparently track data changes
• Efficient, tamper-resistant storage of archives
• Real-time access to historical data
• Simplified forensics and error correction

Oracle Confidential
82

“Well, there wasn't enough time, Michael.
There just wasn't enough time.”

Steve Flournoy
OD Solutions Specialist

Not Enough Time to Cover All
of the Features For…
Availability
Availability Manageability
Manageability

Oracle Clusterware
Diagnostics Pack
Oracle Real Application Clusters
Tuning Pack
Oracle Secure Backup
Change Management Pack
Oracle Data Guard
Configuration Management Pack
Flashback Operations
Provisioning Pack
Online Operations

Automatic Storage Management Fine Grained Access
Automatic Space Management Identity Management
Disk based Backup/Recovery Transparent Data Encryption
Compression Data Masking Pack
Partitioning Database Vault
Exadata Storage Audit Vault

Storage Management Security

And Other 11gR2 Features
• Grid Plug and Play!!
• Oracle Restart – DB, ASM, Listener after restart of software/hardware
• Out of Place Upgrades (zero downtime for patching)
• In Memory Parallel Execution & Auto Degree of Parallelism (DOP)
• Enterprise Manager for Provisioning, Clusterware, GPnP, Restart
• Universal installer (Remove RAC, de-install, downgrades, patches,restarts)
• ASM FS (file system) snapshots – 64 images – backup/reco/data mining!
• Intelligent data placement on fast tracks
• Flashback Data Archive support for DDL
• Instance caging – allocate CPU usage to instances (CPU_COUNT)
• Compare SQL Tuning sets to each other
• Tuning Advisor can use auto DOP, searches historical performance, transport
back to 10gR2 or later for testing.
• Virtual Columns can be in PK/FK of reference partition table
• Stored outline migration to SQL Plan Management (SPM)
• Automatic Block Repair
• Etc..

But Still Time to Remind You How
Oracle Can Help You Maximize Your Budget Value
Deploys SOA Saves 80% time and
Avoids online revenue
infrastructure 92% effort for managing
losses up to 25%
faster Databases

Cuts configuration
Improves IT Drives asset utilization
management effort by
productivity by 25% up by 70%
90%

Saves $1.9 million Saves $170,000 per Replaces manual
with Oracle Enterprise year with Oracle tools with automation;
Manager Enterprise Manager saves time by 50%

Saves weeks on
Reduces Database Reduces provisioning
application testing
testing time by 90% effort by 75%
time

Cuts application Delivers 24/7 uptime
Reduces critical
testing from weeks to with Oracle Enterprise
patching time by 80%
hours Manager

Upgrading To 11g

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