In 10 years, open content has grown significantly from nothing to millions of openly licensed works across many domains. Starting with open licensing principles and the Open Publication License, the landscape evolved with the Creative Commons licenses which addressed issues with prior licenses. Today there are over 75 million photos, 7 million articles, and growing open educational resources including 4,000 university courses and 500 textbooks. The next 10 years are expected to continue this growth and acceleration as higher education unbundles its services and resources.

1. 10 Years of Open Content
David Wiley, PhD
Brigham Young University
Instructional Psychology & Technology

2. History?

3. http://flickr.com/photos/scragz/91147636/

4. Personal history

6. http://www.marshall.edu/finance/avpadmin/BlockM.jpg

8. http://flickr.com/photos/jamoker/502625172/

9. http://adsoftheworld.com/media/print/ana_bookstore?size=_original

10. Free software

11. http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Stallman/Images/saintignucius.jpg

12. http://www.flickr.com/photos/95229107@N00/1817276189 http://www.flickr.com/photos/95229107@N00/2125865619 http://www.flickr.com/photos/49968232@N00/2549830623

13. “Freedom”

14. http://flickr.com/photos/henrikmoltke/2713574899/

15. Winter, 1998

16. http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/files/www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/nodes/2565/raymond007-5-2.jpg

17. “Goodbye, Free Software; Hello, Open Source”

18. http://www.digijet.net/img/opensource.gif

19. http://www-acerc.byu.edu/Figures/BYUMedallionSM1.jpg

21. Let’s do this for content

22. A GPL for content?

24. free? open?
education? culture?
content? materials?
stuff? works?

26. OpenContent Principles /
License (OP/L)

27. Principles in a license?

28. http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Stallman/Images/saintignucius.jpg

29. http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/ImageNupedia.png

30. Little uptake in education

31. Education = Publishers

32. So, in 1999...

34. http://flickr.com/photos/x180/888971170/

35. Would you publish openly?

36. What do publishers want?

37. Protect from undercutting

38. What do authors want?

39. Recognition

40. Protect work’s integrity

41. Open Publication License

42. Allows what you’d expect

43. Requires attribution

44. Two options

45. Option A
To prohibit distribution of substantively modified
versions without the explicit permission of the author(s)

46. Option B
To prohibit any publication of this work or derivative
works in whole or in part in standard (paper) book form
for commercial purposes unless prior permission is
obtained from the copyright holder.

47. Much better uptake!

50. http://gimp-savvy.com/BOOK/grokking-the-gimp.gif

52. But there were problems

53. OP/L vs OPL

54. Calling both the “open
content license”

55. OPL options A and B

56. Who named these?!?

57. And how do I tell?

60. btw, I’m not a lawyer

61. How do we fix this?

62. We don’t have to!

63. http://flickr.com/photos/35034363287@N01/2236177028/

64. Dec 2002, CC licenses

65. 1.0 licenses

66. Attribution election

67. Noncommercial election

68. No Derivatives election

69. Not one license w/ options

70. Multiple, named licenses

71. CC By
or
CC By-NC-ND

72. (Still a button problem)

74. 2.0 licenses

75. Attribution mandatory

76. (Back to OPL structure)

77. Later fixed the buttons!

79. Skipping ahead... (GFDL)

80. Where are we today?

81. How much open content?

82. Over 75,000,000 photos (CC)

83. Over 7,000,000 articles (GFDL)

84. 10,818 Albums, 6,186 Artists (CC)

85. 430,000 audio recordings (CC)

86. 8,000 Songs, 580 Albums, 250 Artists (CC)

87. 417,000 Videos (CC)

88. 125,871 Moving Images, 51,454 Live audio,
276,179 Audio recordings, 466,065 Texts (var)

89. And in education?

90. “Open Educational Resources” (2002)

91. 4,000 university courses (CC)

92. 500 university textbooks (var)

93. 16,000 K-12 curriculum units (CC)

94. Over 1600 individuals and 160 organizations

95. Not bad for 10 years!

96. The next 10 years?

97. 4 books in 25 university beta fall 08 (CCPlus)

99. Public, online, exclusively open curriculum
Approved 2008, Opens 2009

100. The disaggregation of
higher education

101. HE provides:
• Content
• Learning support
• Credentials

105. From nothing to here in
10 years...

106. Rate of disaggregation will
continue to increase

107. Next 10 years look very
exciting!

108. Where will you take OE?

109. Thank You
david.wiley@gmail.com
http://davidwiley.org/