Renewable Energy.

1. WIND ENERGY
RESEARCH BY:
ADEWOLE JAMEWON AND OMOREGIE CYRIL BRIGHT
400L CHEMICAL ENGINEERING,
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN

2. • Wind is abundant, almost in any part of the world.
• Wind energy is the most reliable and effective renewable energy.
• Wind energy or wind power : the process by which the wind is used
to generate mechanical power or electricity.
• Wind turbines convert the kinetic energy in the wind into
mechanical power in order to make electricity.
• The kinetic energy contained in wind can be transferred to other
transformed into electrical energy through wind turbine generator.
WHY WIND ENERGY ?.

3. HOW WINDS ARE CREATED.
• Temperatures vary according to the amount of
sun it gets.
• Wind are caused by the uneven heating of the
atmosphere by the sun, the irregularities of
the earth’s surface, and rotation of the earth.
• Wind flow patterns are modified by the earth’s
terrain, bodies of water, and vegetative cover.
• Balance between warm and cool air is
constantly changing, creating wind.
** Wind is a form of solar energy.

4. GENERATION OF WIND POWER FOR A
LOCAL COMMUNITY.
 MAIN PARTS OF A WIND TURBINE;
• Blades (preferable, three(3)).
• Tower.
• Rotor (Generator).
• Hub.
• Electronic control system.
• Battery.
• Inverter.
Power in the wind = 1/2ℓAV3
***The power generation process is explained in
the diagram,

5. EFFICIENCY OF WIND TURBINES
DEPENDS ON;
WIND POWER :
• Faster wind and stronger wind force = greater amount of power generated by the wind turbine.
• Different regions have different wind speeds.
• Therefore its vital to understand the relationship between wind speeds with power production.
ALTITUDE :
• Places of higher altitudes have faster wind speeds due to various atmospheric factors.
• Higher places also have lesser obstructions from the surrounding hills, trees and buildings.
• Wind speed increases by 12% as the distance between the turbine and ground is doubled.
OBSTRUCTIONS :
• Wind is slowed by trees, buildings, hills and mountains which all create some form of friction that
restrict free airflow.it is wise to measure the wind speed at a proposed site for at least one year to
determine project viability.

6. EFFICIENCY OF WIND TURBINES
DEPENDS ON CONTD;
AIR TEMPERATURE :
• The power from a wind turbine will increase almost 16% as the temperature drops from +20ºC to -20ºC
for any given wind speed.
• Colder air is denser and increases power output.
BLADE (AERODYNAMICS) : the shape of blades should be accurately selected for getting maximum
efficiency. The amount of lift for a given airfoil depends heavily on the angle that it makes with the
direction of the relative wind, known as the angle of attack - α. When the angle of attack gets too
large, turbulence develops and drag increases significantly, while lift is lost.

7. WIND FARMS AS SOURCE OF POWER
GENERATION
• Turbines can be grouped together to form a wind farms,
which produces energy so as to provide electricity.
• OFFSHORE WIND FARMS are constructed in bodies of
water to generate electricity from wind.
• ONSHORE WIND FARMS operate on land, generally in
high altitudes or large open spaces.
• OFFSHORE WIND FARMS is steadier and stronger than
ONSHORE WIND FARMS and OFF SHORE FARMS have less
visual but, construction and maintenance costs are
considerably higher. ONSHORE WIND FARMS
OFFSHORE WIND FARMS

8. RECOMMENDATIONS ON TYPE OF WIND
FARMS TO USE
UNIVERSITY OF BENIN (ONSHORE WIND FARM):
• Location is the open field close to the Vice
Chancellors Administrative building as shown
in the figure.
• the farm could produce between 600KW –
2+MW of power.
NIGER-DELTA INNER COMMUNITIES:
• These communities are mostly surrounded by
rivers (OFFSHORE WIND FARM).
• Wind speed is extremely faster offshore,
hence wind power’s contribution would be
higher in terms of electricity.
Local communities taken as case study for possible win farm projects:

9. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF
WIND ENERGY.
ADVANTAGE
• Wind blows day & night (produces
electricity throughout the day).
• Very low maintenance cost
• Clean and sustainable resource.
• Wind energy is a domestic, renewable
source of energy.
• Land used for wind farms can also be used
for other profitable activities (i.e. farming
and foresting).
• Can supply power to remote areas.
DISADVANTAGE
• Wind turbines do not produce the
same amount of electricity all the
time (Wind strength varies from
zero to storm force).
• The turbine may create a lot of
noise.
• Threat to wildlife in remote
locations.

10. CONCLUSION.
From our literature survey,
 Wind energy is one of the most promising new energy sources that
can serve as an alternative to fossil fuel-generated electricity, is
• A limitless resource
• Renewable.
• No greenhouse gas emissions during operation.
• Reduces nations energy dependence.
 With this research, we present the future of power generation in
Nigeria.