The History and Evolution of Computer Games
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Games are a universal and powerful force that are played by anyone and everywhere. The history of computer games began with early experimental games in the 1940s-1960s on platforms like the cathode ray tube and MIT's PDP-1. Arcades and consoles like Atari and Nintendo became popular in the 1970s-1980s before the video game crash of 1983. The games industry rebounded with the Nintendo Entertainment System and the rise of personal computers in the 1980s. Since the 1990s, games have advanced with 3D graphics, CD-ROM, multiplayer capabilities, and genres like role-playing games. Today, over half of US households own a game console, with an average player age of 30. Major industry players
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The History and Evolution of Computer Games
- 2. Games are the one of the most powerful force in the world
- 8. Early Games Cathode ray tube amusement device, 1947 Analog game, purely electromechanical Controlled by control knobs which influences the trajectory of the CRT's light beam Player controls a reticle and aligns it to an airplane to shoot down
- 9. Early Games Noughts And Crosses, 1952 ! A Tic-Tac-Toe game Ran on EDSAC ! Used the tank display CRT as 35 x 16 pixel screen for displaying his game ! Game did not get well known
- 11. Early Games Spaceware! 1961 Programmed on PDP-1 in MIT in 1960 ! One of the first time-sharing computers ! Space game where two players try to shoot each others without being drawn to the sun in the center !
- 12. Arcades Special purpose machines ! Most popular game was PONG ! Arcades became popular amongst young in 1971-1974 ! 2-D boards and movement of objects ! Special controls and buttons
- 14. Pong 1974 Atari VCS 2600 1977 Game Consoles In 1974 game consoles start to appear ! Computer games market emerges ! Atari became the industry leader VCS – Video Computer System 1974 – 1984 Discontinued in 1991
- 16. The Video Game Crash In 1983 the computer game market crashed ! Throughout the 1984 and 1985, the home video game industry was nearly dead Too much supply of similar games Low quality The public lost interest ! Atari did not want to credit developers
- 17. Game Consoles Come Back Nintendo Entertainment System, 1986! ! Started the second computer console revolution ! Changed the way games were marketed Strict control of what games were produced and sold Instituted quality standards Instituted content standards
- 18. Enter the Personal Computer In the 80s Personal computers become more wide spread Games slowly appear in the PCs
- 20. Interactive fiction In the 80s Interactive fiction games became popular! ! Role-playing game in which the player moves around in imaginative adventure world and solves mysteries ! Early games where text games with simple commands ! Slowly graphics was added
- 21. Enter CD-ROM With CD-ROM new types of games became possible! ! More graphic ! The 7th guest from 1992 ! Myst from 1993 became an unexpected huge success
- 23. Multiplayer and 3-D Games Early games were multiplayer games! ! Pong and Spacewar! were multiplayer ! Most games after that were single player games where player plays against the computer or players take turn ! In the late 80s and early 90s networks start to appear Ethernet LANs, then the Internet
- 25. DOOM introduced 3-D graphics and multiplayer capabilities in 1993 ! 3D game where the player moves around in a 3-D world ! Breakthrough graphics Multiplayer capability on a LAN Multiplayer and 3-D Games
- 26. Timeline
- 28. Addiction! ! Some games are highly addictive ! ! Role playing games, MUD (Multiple User Dialog) Example: EverQuest ! Games with progression, construction and commands Examples: WarCraft, CounterStrike, Sims Impact of Computer Games
- 30. Really simple game, but highly addictive Released on May 24, 2013, discontinued Feb 8, 2014
- 31. Violence! ! Some games are violent, made for mature adult audience ! Most games are not violent ! ! Impact of Computer Games
- 33. “In twenty years, games will have taken over the world and everything will be virtual reality.” -- Ray Kurzwiel The Gaming Market
- 34. Who plays computer and video games? 51% of US households have a dedicated game console Source: ESA Essential facts, US data
- 35. Average Game Player Age 30
- 41. 1990 $10 bn 2000 2010 $20 bn $50 bn Games
- 42. 2014
- 43. The Market PlayStation 2 is still on top
- 44. The Market
- 45. Nintendo • Products – GameCube – GameBoy – Wii – DS • Appeal to families – Apply strict standards • Do most of the games themselves – Difficult for others to enter – Wii got a very good start – Wii Remote
- 46. Sony ▪ Products – PlayStation, PlayStation2 – PlayStation Portable ▪ Have the broadest market – Has most of the games ▪ PlayStation3 – With IBM’s Cell and Blue-‐ray Optical Disk – Movie and TV show downloads
- 47. XBox • Products – XBox, XBox 360, XBox 720 • Appeal to hard-‐core games – Most powerful console – Xbox Live – online game service – Microsoft is promoting xbox as entertainment device
- 49. Source: Economist: Play to Win Graphics
- 50. Bjarni Þór Árnason: Evolution of Physics in Video Games Physics Processor
- 52. Source: When looks are no longer enough, Play to win Hannes Högni Vilhjálmsson Artificial Intelligence Virtual Worlds Characters that behave human