[Webinar] Semantic Technologies

Nuxeo & Semantic
Technologies
Stefane Fermigier - Nuxeo
The Web - May 2011

Wednesday, May 25, 2011

Agenda

• A pragmatic introduction to the Semantic
Web
• Experience report and demos from Nuxeo


1. Introduction to the
Semantic Web


Prelude


Source: Mills Davis, “Semantic Social Computing”, sept. 2007

History


Invented the web in 1989
(yeah!)


Invented the web in 1989
(yeah!)

Invented the semantic
web in 1994 (duh?)


Historical perspective
• From web 1.0: web of sites and pages,
aka the World Wide Web
• To web 2.0: web of people and of
participation, aka the Social Web (Blogs,
RSS, tags, Facebook, Wikipedia, etc.)
• To web 3.0: web of data, of meaning and
connected knowledge, aka the Semantic
Web


Semantics & Ontologies


Some examples
• FOAF: relationships between people (social
network)
• SIOC: relationships between websites,
articles, blogs, comments
• Rich Snippets: syndicate RDFa content for
SEO by Google,Yahoo
• good-relations: e-commerce (Ebay...)
• rNews: metadata for news agencies (AFP,
Reuters...)

How is it related to
the Web?


The traditional Web

• A principle: hypertext
• A protocol: HTTP
• An identiﬁcation scheme: URNs/URIs
• A language: HTML


“To a computer, then, the web is a ﬂat,
boring world devoid of meaning”

Tim Berners Lee, http://www.w3.org/Talks/WWW94Tim/

“This is a pity, as in fact documents on the
web describe real objects and imaginary
concepts, and give particular relationships
between them”


“Adding semantics to the web involves two things:
allowing documents which have information in
machine-readable forms, and allowing links to be
created with relationship values.”


“The Semantic Web is not a separate Web but an
extension of the current one, in which information
is given well-deﬁned meaning, better enabling
computers and people to work in cooperation.”


The semantic Web

• A principle: hypertext
• A protocol: HTTP
• An identiﬁcation scheme: URNs/URIs
• A language: HTML RDF


The W3C “Layer Cake”


The W3C “Layer Cake”

Already
standardized


URIs and the
Web of Things

• URIs (Unique Resource Identiﬁers) are
used to identify things (also called
entities) in the real world
• For instance: people, places, events,
companies, products, movies, etc.


The RDF model

RDF is used to describe relationships
between objects, identiﬁed by their URIs

Predicate
Subject Object


Example

Source: http://www.slideshare.net/AntidotNet/web-smantique-web-de-donnes-
web-30-linked-data-quelques-repres-pour-sy-retrouver

RDF serialization
As XML:

Others, ex: N3:


SPARQL
• Query language for RDF databases
• Several implementations
• OSS: Apache Jena, Sesame, 4Store,
Virtuoso, Mulgara, Redland, Open Anzo...
• Proprietary: 5Store, AllegroGraph
RDFStore, Stardog, Dydra, OWLIM...
• More expressive than SQL, scalability is still
an open question

SPARQL Sample


Where and how
to ﬁnd these data?


Solution 1: “Lift”
• One can use HTML scrapping and natural
language processing (NLP) technique to
extract semantic information from existing
content / sites
• Generic solutions: OpenCalais, Zemanta,
Apache Stanbol
• Pro: no need to change existing content
• Con: error prone, needs human checks

Example: DBPedia


Solution 2: export
• RDFa and microformats are used to embed
semantic information (expressed using the
RDF model) into regular web pages
• RDFa does it using existing (rel) and
additional (about, property, typeof)
attributes
• Microformats only use usual HTML
attributes (class)


Solution 3: reuse

• Linked Open Data: (usually large) data
repositories available on the web (for free
or not), expressed using the RDF model
• Interoperability between these repositories
(their ontologies) must be deﬁned


Linked Open Data in 2007

“Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/”

2008


2009


2010


Good for Enterprise apps too!

Diagram source: http://www.w3.org/2007/Talks/0130-sb-W3CTechSemWeb/

Why now?


Key Enablers
Open Data and Linked Online Data
Advances in automatic content analysis
(linguistics, image processing) and machine
learning
Classical logic and classical AI
Computing power (Moore’s law +
MapReduce)


The technologies and data
are available,

Let’s put them to use!


2. Nuxeo &
Semantic ECM


Nuxeo


Nuxeo: an open source
ECM vendor
Our Focus is Enterprise Content Management
ECM as a Platform for Content Applications
Open Source as Efﬁcient Development Model
Modern architecture for 21st Century business
“Lean, mobile, social, interoperable”

A Social Marketplace in action
Innovation driven by community of customers, partners,
and our core developers


Nuxeo ECM - From Platform to Products

Construction Media Government Life Sciences

Business
Solutions
Correspondence Contracts Records
Invoice Processing
Management Management Management

Case Structured
Horizontal Document Digital Asset Content
Management Document
Packages Management Management
Framework Server
Aggregator

Nuxeo Enterprise Platform
Complete set of components covering all aspects of ECM
Platform
Content
Infrastructure
Nuxeo Core
Lightweight, scalable, embeddable content repository
49

Major Customers


Goals


Goals for Semantic ECM

Repurpose existing content
Improve search and collaboration
Make information contextual
Extract and use information from your content
Make your content smarter!


Semantic ECM


Semantic ECM

Text
Sound
Image
Video

Content


Semantic ECM

Metadata
Text
Sound Tags Entities
Image Relations
Video
Reasoning

Content Meaning


Architectural Challenge

Content Stack vs. Knowledge Cake

Business value
from semantic ECM

Efﬁciency gains: 20% to 90% (ex: in search,
collaboration)
Effectiveness gains: better returns from
your assets (ex: news and images from AFP)
Strategic edge: growth, value capture, new
services, gain unfair strategic advantage (ex:
vertical ontologies for CEVAs / CCAs)


Demo

56


How does it work?


IKS project

• European project under the
FP7, with 13 partners (6 SMEs) and a 8.5 MEUR
budget

• Goal: create a semantic software “stack” that will be
used by CMS vendors to add semantic features to
their products

• Started in Jan. 2009, will last until Dec. 2012

• First tangible result: Apache Stanbol, already
integrated in a Nuxeo plugin
58


59


Stanbol: a semantic engine
• From unstructured content to Knowledge
• Language guessing
• Topic classiﬁcation (Business, Sports,
Media, ...)
• Named Entities extraction and linking
• Relationships and properties extraction
• Pluggable with proprietary engines (ex: Temis)


61


62


RESTful
is
Beautiful

63


=
Semantic Engines
(Apache OpenNLP)
+
Fast Linked Data local index
(Apache Solr)
+
Semantic Rule Engine 64

(Apache Jena)

Apache Stanbol

Engine 1 DBpedia
Engine 2

2
1 Engine 3

Freebase

Nuxeo DM
3
addon
Geonames
LDAP
Local IT infrastructure (LAN) 65


How to try it?


https://connect.nuxeo.com/nuxeo/site/marketplace/category/semantic

Notes
• Nuxeo EP 5.4.2 (next week) will have
signiﬁcant improvements to enable new
features of the semantic plugins
• Source code here: http://hg.nuxeo.org/
addons/nuxeo-platform-semantic-entities/
• Join us at the IKS Paris Workshop on July
5-6 to learn much more about Nuxeo and
semantic technologies!


Resources
• http://iks-project.eu

• http://stanbol.demo.nuxeo.com

• http://incubator.apache.org/stanbol

• http://blogs.nuxeo.com/dev

• http://hadoop.apache.org/

• http://incubator.apache.org/opennlp/

69


Questions?

70


Up Next!

Live Demo - Nuxeo Studio
June 1, 2011

Building Packages
for the Nuxeo Marketplace
Juen 8, 2011

71


[Webinar] Semantic Technologies

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