1. Research Language TestingResearch Language Testing
muh. fajarmuh. fajar
Definition of Test
Meeting 1

2. What is a test?What is a test?
A test is a measuring device which we
use when we want to compare an
individual with other individuals who
belong to the same group…Tests invite
candidates to display their knowledge
or skills in a concentrated fashion, so
that the results can be graded and
inferences made from the standard of
performance in the test about the
general standard of performance that
can be expected from the candidate,
either at the time of the test or at
some future time.

3. What is a test? (2)What is a test? (2)
Brown: A test is a method of
measuring a person’s ability or
knowledge in a given area.
 It is a method that generally
requires some performance or activity
on the part of either the testee or the
tester, or both.
 The purpose of a test is measuring.
 A test measures a person’s ability or
knowledge.
 A test measures a given area

4. Arikunto (2002:53)Arikunto (2002:53)
Tes merupakan alat atau
prosedur yang digunakan
untuk mengetahui sesuatu
dalam suasana, dengan cara
dan aturan-aturan yang sudah
ditentukan.

5. Aims of testingAims of testing
Davies: 4 aims for testing
 Research
 Progress
 Guide to teaching and the curriculum
 Representing terminal behavior
Testing is more a means rather than an end.

6. Testing vs. EvaluationTesting vs. Evaluation
Tests are conducted in order to gather information.
This information is needed to make decisions.
The decision-making process is called evaluationevaluation.
In a simple diagram, the relationship between testing
and evaluation is:
TESTING →INFORMATION →EVALUATION
 The type of evaluation we have to make determines
the kind of information we need.
 In turn, the kind of information we are looking for
determines the kind of test we need to conduct:
EVALUATION (determines) INFORMATION
(determines) TESTING
So, ultimately, the type of test that we conduct depends
on the type of evaluation we need.

7. Requirements of a good test (1)Requirements of a good test (1)
ValidityValidity: the degree to which a test measures what it is meant to measure, or can
be used successfully for the purposes for which it is intended.
 Face validity
 Content validity
 Construct validity
 Empirical validity
ReliabilityReliability: stability or consistency of test scores
Factors that may affect reliability include
– The extent of the sample of material selected for testing
– The administration of the test
– Scoring the test
– Test instructions
– Personal factors

8. Types of language test (1)Types of language test (1)
Tests distinguished by use
Achievement/attainment tests
Proficiency tests
Aptitude tests
Diagnostic tests
Placement tests

9. Types of language test (2)Types of language test (2)
Tests distinguished by linguistic levels and skills
e.g. tests of grammar, phonology, writing, etc.
Tests distinguished by the system of scoring
Subjective tests
Objective tests

10. Assignment of Reviewing JournalAssignment of Reviewing Journal
1.1. Find out a title of paper taken fromFind out a title of paper taken from
Asian-efl journal or ELT journal.Asian-efl journal or ELT journal.
2.2. Read and understand, then review andRead and understand, then review and
present in Powerpoint in groups!present in Powerpoint in groups!

12. Structure of paperStructure of paper
I.I. IntroductionIntroduction  tell about what you willtell about what you will
write and explain in your paper; explainwrite and explain in your paper; explain
the problems/questions that will bethe problems/questions that will be
discussed.discussed.
II.II. Review of Related LiteratureReview of Related Literature  FindFind
out the theories that are suitable without the theories that are suitable with
the problemsthe problems
III.III. DiscussionDiscussion  analysing data based onanalysing data based on
the theories applied in the paperthe theories applied in the paper
IV.IV. ConclusionConclusion  answers the questions.answers the questions.
You write the paper in hand-writingYou write the paper in hand-writing
BibliographyBibliography
AppendixesAppendixes  data analysis by using Excelldata analysis by using Excell
that were made from the testthat were made from the test
(Original)(Original)

13. Preparing paperPreparing paper
1. Write a test that is suitable with the material
given to the students. E.g. If you teach English
for SMP; and the material is about present
simple tense, thus your test must refer to it.
2. Write 15-20 numbers or items of the test
with 5 choices for each number. (a, b, c, d or
e). Write the test in computer. Copy your test
as many as the amount of the students in the
class (one class).
3. You must be consistent with your test, if your
test is about grammar, please all numbers are
about grammar.

14. Structure of paperStructure of paper
I. INTRODUCTION  2 PAGES
II. Review of Related Literature  6-10 pages
III. Discussion/analysis  10-15 pages
IV. Conclusion  2-3 pages
Kertas Folio Bergarispaper
Cetak analisis data HVS 70 gr
Paper dijilid lengkap:
1. Cover
2. Paper in English
3. Cetakan analisis data
4. Lampiran asli soal dan hasil test oleh siswa
5. Dikumpulkan akhir bulan Januari 2010