SlideShare ist ein Scribd-Unternehmen logo
1 von 81
Downloaden Sie, um offline zu lesen
Chapter 8
Operating Systems
and Utility
Programs
Describe the two types of
software
Understand the startup process
for a personal computer
Describe the term user interface
Explain features common to
most operating systems
Know the difference between
stand-alone operating systems
and network operating systems
Identify various stand-alone
operating systems
Identify various network
operating systems
Recognize devices that use
embedded operating systems
Discuss the purpose of the
following utilities: file viewer,
file compression, diagnostic,
uninstaller, disk scanner, disk
defragmenter, backup, and
screen saver
Chapter 8 Objectives
Next
p.8.2
System Software
What is software?
 The series of computer-language coded
instructions that tells the computer how to
perform tasks
 Two types of
software
p.8.2
Next
application
software
system
software
System Software
What is system software?
 Consists of the
programs that
control the
operations of the
computer and its
devices
 Serves as the
interface between
the user, the
application
software, and the
computer's
hardware
 Two types are
operating
systems and
utility programs
p.8.2
Next
Operating
System
Operating Systems
What is an operating system (OS)?
 A set of programs
containing
instructions that
coordinate all the
activities among
computer hardware
resources
 Required for a
computer to work
 Sometimes called
the software
platform or platform
p.8.3
Next
Click to
view
animation
Operating
System
manage
programs
Operating Systems
What are the functions of an operating system?
p.8.3 Fig. 8-1
Next
start up the
computer
administer
security
control a
network
monitor
performance and
provide
housekeeping
servicesaccess the
Web
schedule jobs
and configure
devices
provide user
interface
manage
memory
Operating Systems
Where is the operating system located?
 Resides on computer’s
hard disk in most cases
 May reside on a ROM
chip on handheld
computers
p.8.3
Next
various operating systems
often are not compatible
with each other
same types of
computers may have
different operating
systems
different sizes of
computers typically
use different
operating systems
Operating Systems
What is a cross-platform application?
p.8.4 Fig. 8-2
Next
runs on
Windows 98
and
Windows NT
 One that runs identically on multiple operating systems
 Often has multiple versions, each corresponding to a
different operating system
Operating System
Functions
What is booting?
 The process of starting or restarting a computer
p.8. 4
Next
cold boot
Process of turning on a
computer after it has been
powered off completely
warm boot
Process of restarting a
computer that is already
powered on
Also called a warm start
memory resident
• Instructions remain
in memory while the
computer is running
• The kernel is
memory resident
Operating System
Functions
What is the kernel?
 The core of an operating
system
• Manages memory and devices
• Maintains the computer’s clocks
• Starts applications
• Assigns the computer’s resources,
such as devices, programs, data,
and information
 Each time you boot a computer,
the kernel and other frequently
used operating system
instructions are loaded
• Loading a file means the file is
copied from the hard disk to the
computer's memoryp.8. 4
Next
nonresident
• Instructions remain on
the hard disk until
they are needed
• Other parts of the
operating system are
nonresident
Operating System
Functions
What messages display on the screen when you
boot the computer?
p.8.4 Fig. 8-3
Next
sound card and
CD-ROM drivers
loaded
message
devices detected
and tested
total amount of
memory
BIOS version and
copyright notice
Step 1: The power
supply sends a
signal to
components in the
system unit.
Step 1
Step 2: The
processor looks
for the BIOS.
processor
BIOS
Step 2
BIOS
basic input/output
system
Firmware that contains
the computer's startup
instructions
Operating System
Functions
How does a
personal
computer
boot up?
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
processor
BIOS
CD-ROM drive
Step 3
Operating System
Functions
Step 3: The BIOS
performs the POST,
which checks
components such
as the mouse,
keyboard
connectors, and
expansion cards.
POST
power-on self test
expansion cards
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 4: The results
of the POST are
compared with data
in the CMOS chip.
processor
BIOS
CD-ROM drive
CMOS
Step 4
CMOS chip
Stores configuration
information about the
computer
Also detects new
devices connected to
the computer expansion cards
Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 5: The BIOS
looks for the system
files in drive A
(floppy disk drive)
and then drive C
(hard disk).
processor
BIOS
hard disk
CD-ROM drive
CMOS
floppy disk drive
Step 5
expansion cards
system files
Specific operating
system files loaded
during start up
Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 6: The boot
program loads the
kernel of the
operating system
into RAM from
storage (hard disk).
The operating
system in memory
takes control of the
computer.
processor
BIOS
hard disk
CD-ROM drive
(RAM) memory
modules
CMOS
floppy disk drive
Step 6
expansion cards
Step 7
Operating System
Functions
p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4
Next
Step 7: The operating system
loads configuration information
and displays the desktop on the
screen.
The operating system executes
programs in the StartUp folder.
registry
Several files that contain
the system configuration
information
Registry is constantly
accessed during the
computer's operation
StartUp folder
Contains a list of programs
that open automatically
when you boot the
computer
Operating System
Functions
What is a boot drive?
 The drive from which your
personal computer boots
(starts)
 In most cases, drive C
(the hard disk) is the boot
drive
p.8.6 Fig. 8-5
Next
Step 1: Click the Start
button on the taskbar,
point to Programs on the
Start menu, point to
Accessories on the
Programs submenu, point
to System Tools on the
Accessories submenu,
and then point to Backup.
Operating System
Functions
What is an emergency repair disk?
p.8.6 Fig. 8-5
Next
Step 2: Click Backup on
the System Tools
submenu to open the
Backup window. Point to
the Emergency Repair
Disk button.
Emergency
Repair Disk
button
Step 3: Click the
Emergency Repair Disk
button to create the
emergency repair disk.
Follow the on-screen
instructions.
 A floppy disk, Zip® disk, or CD-ROM that contains system
files that will start the computer
 Used when a hard disk becomes damaged and the
computer cannot boot
 Also called a boot disk
or a rescue disk
 To create a boot disk:
Allows you to type
keywords or press
special keys on the
keyboard to enter
data and
instructions
Set of commands
you use to interact
with the computer
is called the
command language
command-line interface
command
s entered
by user
graphical user interface (GUI)
Allows you to use
menus and visual
images to issue
commands
 Controls how you enter data and instructions and how
information displays on the screen
Operating System
Functions
What is a user interface?
p.8.7 Fig. 8-6
Next
Click to
view animation
Operating System
Functions
What are features of a graphical user interface?
 Menu: a set of
commands from
which you can
choose
 Icon: a small
image that
represents a
program, an
instruction, a
file, or some
other object
 Web pages can
be delivered or
pushed
automatically
to your screen
p.8.8 Fig. 8-7
Next
icons
function as
Web links
Web pages
pushed onto
the desktop
Operating System
Functions
How does an operating system manage programs?
 Operating systems vary in
capabilities
• Number of users
• Number of programs
running at the same time
• Number of processors
 Management of programs
directly affects user
productivity
p.8.8
Next
single user/single tasking
operating system
Allows only one user to
run one program at a time
Early systems were single
user
Operating System
Functions
What is multitasking?
 Allows a single user to work on two or more applications that
reside in memory at the same time
p.8.9 Fig. 8-8
Next
 The foreground
contains the
active
application: the
one you currently
are using
 The other
programs that are
running, but are
not in use, are in
the background
background
applications
listed on the
toolbar
foreground
application
Operating System
Functions
p.8.9
Next
multiuser
Operating system enables two
or more users to run a
program simultaneously
multiprocessing
Operating system can support
two or more processors running
programs at the same time
fault-tolerant computer
Continues to operate even if one of its
components fails
Computer has duplicate components
such as processors, memory, and
disk drives
What are other program management
features of operating systems?
Click to
view
animation
clears items from
memory when the
processor no longer
requires them
monitors the
contents of memory
Operating System
Functions
What is memory management?
 Optimizes the use of random access memory (RAM)
p.8.10
Next
allocates, or assigns, data
and instructions to an
area of memory while
they are being processed
RAM
(physical
memory)
disk
(virtual
memory)
page swapped out
RAM
(physical
memory)
disk
(virtual
memory)
Step 1: Operating
system transfers
least recently used
data and program
instructions to disk
because memory is
needed for other
functions.
page swapped in
page swapped out
RAM
(physical
memory)
disk
(virtual
memory)
Step 2: Operating
system transfers
data and program
instructions from
disk to memory
when they are
needed.
Operating System
Functions
What is virtual memory (VM) management?
 The operating
system allocates a
portion of a
storage medium,
usually the hard
disk, to function
as additional RAM
p.8.10 Fig. 8-9
Next
Operating System
Functions
What are some virtual memory terms?
p.8.10
Next
swap file
The area of the
hard disk used
for virtual
memory
paging
The technique of
swapping items
between memory
and storage
thrashing
When an operating
system spends much
of its time paging,
instead of executing
application software
page
The amount of
data and program
instructions that
can swap at a
given time
job
An operation the
processor manages
Operating System
Functions
How does an operating system schedule jobs?
 Adjusts the schedule of jobs based on their priority
 A buffer is an area of memory or storage in which
items are placed while waiting to be transferred to or
from an input or output device
p.8.10
Next
processing
instructions
sending
information to
an output
device
transferring items
from storage to
memory and from
memory to storage
receiving
data from an
input device
server
print jobprint spoolerprint queue
server
jobs
to be
printed
disk
print jobprint spoolerprint queueprint queue print spooler print job
jobs
to be
printed
jobs
being
printed
server laser printerdisk
 Print jobs are sent to a buffer instead of sending them
immediately to the printer
 Multiple print jobs line up in a queue within the buffer
 A program,
called a print
spooler,
intercepts
print jobs
from the
operating
system and
places them
in the queue
Operating System
Functions
What is spooling?
p.8.11 Fig. 8-10
Next
Operating System
Functions
What is a device driver?
p.8.11
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Device Drivers
device driver
 A small program that tells the operating system how
to communicate with a device
 Also called a driver
 Each device on a computer requires its
own specific driver
Step 1: Open the
Control Panel
window. Point to the
Add/Remove
Hardware icon. Add/Remove
Hardware icon
Step 2: Start the
Add/Remove Hardware
Wizard by double-
clicking the
Add/Remove Hardware
icon. Follow the on-
screen instructions.
Step 3: The
Add/Remove Hardware
Wizard searches for
Plug and Play devices
on your system. If it
finds any such
devices, it installs
them.
Step 4: If the
Add/Remove Hardware
Wizard cannot find any
Plug and Play devices,
you can select the type
of device you want to
install.
device
type
selected
Operating System
Functions
How do you install a device driver?
p.8.12 Fig. 8-11
Next
Step 5: Next you select
the manufacturer and
model you want to
install. You may be
requested to insert the
floppy disk, CD-ROM, or
DVD-ROM that contains
necessary driver files to
complete the installation
of the device.
manufacturer
selected
model
selected
Operating System
Functions
What is Plug and Play?
 The computer can recognize a new device and assist
you in its installation by loading the necessary drivers
automatically and checking for conflicts with other
devices
 Supported by most
devices and operating
systems today
p.8. 13
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Plug and Play
Operating System
Functions
What is an interrupt request (IRQ)?
 A communications line between a device and the
processor
 Most computers have 16 IRQs, numbered 0 through 15
p.8. 13Fig. 8-12
Next
 IRQs are
assigned
during
installation
Operating System
Functions
How does the operating system help access
the Web?
 Typically
provides a
means to
establish Web
connections
 Some include a
Web browser
and an e-mail
program
p.8.13 Fig. 8-13
Next
Operating System
Functions
How does an operating system monitor
performance?
 Provides a program, called a performance monitor, that
assesses and reports information about various system
resources
and
devices
p.8.14 Fig. 8-14
Next
Operating System
Functions
How does an operating system manage
files?
 Contains a program called a file manager
 Performs
functions
related to
storage and
file
management
p.8.14 Fig. 8-15
Next
organizing,
copying, renaming,
deleting, moving,
and sorting files
Operating System
Functions
p.8.15
Next
displaying a
list of files on a
storage
medium
checking the
amount of used
or free space on
a storage
medium
formatting and
copying disks
creating shortcuts:
an icon on the
desktop that runs a
program when you
click it
What are some file manager functions?
Operating System
Functions
What is formatting?
 The process of
preparing a disk for
reading and writing
 Most floppy and hard
disk manufacturers
preformat their disks
 Various operating
systems format disks
differently
p.8. 15
Next
Operating System
Functions
What is a file allocation table (FAT)?
 A table of information
that the operating
system uses to locate
files on a disk
 Defined during the
formatting process
 Lists all files, file
types, and locations
 Reformatting a disk
usually erases only
the file allocation table
and leaves the actual
files on the disk
p.8. 15
Next
Operating System
Functions
What is a network operating system?
 An operating system that supports a network
 Also called a network OS or NOS
p.8.15 Fig. 8-16
Next
 A network is a
collection of
computers and
devices
connected
together via
communications
media and
devices
server controls access
laser
printer
client client client
Operating System
Functions
What are features of a network operating
system?
 The server is the computer that controls access to the
network and provides a centralized storage area
 The other computers on the network are called clients
p.8.15 Fig. 8-16
Next
Organizes and
coordinates how
multiple users
access and
share resources
on the network
Resources include
programs, files, and
devices such as
printers and drives
Network administrator
uses the network OS to
add and remove users,
computers, and other
devices to and from the
network
Operating System
Functions
How do operating systems administer
security?
 Most multiuser operating systems allow each user to
log on
p.8.16 Fig. 8-17
log on
Process of
entering a user
name and a
password
user name
A unique combination
of characters that
identifies one specific
user
Also called a user ID
password
A combination of characters
associated with the user
name that allows access to
certain computer resources
Next
Operating System
Functions
How does a network administrator use the
network OS?
 To establish
permissions to
resources
 To define who can
access certain
resources
 To define when they
can access those
resources
 To assign passwords to
files and commands to
restrict access to only
authorized users
p.8. 16
Next
Active Directory (AD)
A feature of Windows 2000
Server that allows network
administrators to manage all
network information including
users, devices, settings, and
connections from a central
environment
device-independent
Run on many
manufacturers’
computers
device-dependent
One that runs only on
a specific type of
computer
proprietary software
Privately owned and
limited to a specific
vendor or computer
model
upward-compatible
Written for an earlier
version of the operating
system, but also runs with
the new version
Types of Operating
Systems
What are some characteristics of operating
systems?
p.8.17
Next
downward-compatible
Recognizes and works
with application software
written for an earlier
version of the operating
system
Types of Operating
Systems
What are three
categories of
operating
systems?
p.8.17 Fig. 8-18
Next
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What is a stand-alone operating system?
 A complete
operating system
that works on a
desktop or
notebook
computer
 Some, called client
operating
systems, also
work in
conjunction with a
network operating
system
p.8.17
Next
commands
entered by
user
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What is DOS (Disk Operating System)?
 Refers to several single user operating systems
developed in the early 1980s for personal computers
 Two more widely used versions were PC-DOS and MS-
DOS, both developed by Microsoft
p.8.17
Next
 Used a
command line
interface and
added a menu-
driven interface
in later versions
Windows 95
A true multitasking
operating system
with downward
compatibility for
DOS and Windows
3.x
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What is Windows?
 Developed by Microsoft to meet the need
for an operating system that had a GUI
p.8.18
Next
Click to
view
Web Link
then click
Windows
Windows 3.x
Refers to three early
versions of Microsoft
Windows that were
operating environments
with DOS
An operating environment
is a GUI that works in
combination with an
operating system to
simplify its use
Windows NT
Workstation
A client operating
system that could
connect to a
Windows NT server
Used a Windows 95
interface
Support for the
Universal Serial
Bus (USB)
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What are features of Windows 98?
 Upgrade to Windows 95
 More integrated with the
Internet than Windows 95
 Included Internet Explorer, a
popular Web browser
 The file manager, Windows
Explorer, had a Web browser
look and feel
 An Active Desktop™ interface
allowing icons and file names to
work similar to Web links
p.8.18
Next
Support for
multimedia
technologies such
as DVD and Web
TV ™
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What is Windows 2000 Professional?
 Upgrade to the
Windows NT
Workstation
operating
system
 Complete
multitasking
client operating
system that has
a GUI
p.8.18 Fig. 8-19
Next
Click to
view video
FAT32
Registry Checker
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What are features of most Windows
operating systems?
p.8.18
Next
Active
Desktop™
Taskbar/toolbars
Windows
Explorer has a
Web browser
look and feel
Increased speed
Tune-Up Wizard
Universal
Serial Bus
Update Wizard
Multiple display
support
Hardware
support
Accessibility Settings
Wizard
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
 An operating
system that has
features
specifically for
the home user
 Also called
Windows Me
 Includes
multimedia
features
p.8.20 Fig. 8-21
Next
What is Windows Millennium
Edition (Me)?
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What is Mac OS?
 A multitasking operating system available only for
computers manufactured by Apple
p.8.21 Fig. 8-22
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Mac OS
 Apple’s
Macintosh
operating system
was the first
commercially
successful GUI
 Mac OS is the
current version
Stand-Alone Operating
Systems
What is OS/2 Warp?
 IBM’s GUI multitasking client operating system
p.8.22 Fig. 8-23
Next
 Supports
networking, the
Internet, Java,
and speech
recognition
 Runs programs
written
specifically for
OS/2, as well as
most programs
written for DOS
and Windows
Company on the Cutting
Edge
Apple Computer, Inc.
 Formed by Steven Jobs
and Stephen Wozniak in
1976
 Began with the Apple I
circuit board developed in
Jobs’ garage
 The Apple II product line
generated more than $1
billion in annual sales from
1977 until 1993
 The current high-
performance Power
Macintosh line was
introduced in 1994,
followed by the iBook, the
PowerMac G4, and the Mac
OS X
p.8.21
Next
Click to view
Web Link
then click
Apple
Network Operating
Systems
What is a network operating system?
 An operating
system that
supports a
network
 Typically
resides on a
server
 Client
computers on
the network rely
on the server(s)
for resources
p.8.22
Next
Network Operating
Systems
What is Novell’s Netware?
 A widely used network
operating system designed
for client/server networks
 Has a server portion that
resides on the network
server and a client portion
that resides on each client
computer connected to the
network
p.8.22
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Novell
Network Operating
Systems
What is Windows 2000 Server?
 Family of three products
• Windows 2000 Server: operating
system for the typical business
network
• Windows 2000 Advanced Server:
designed for e-commerce
applications
• Windows 2000 Datacenter Server:
best for demanding, large-scale
applications such as data
warehousing
p.8.22
Next
Windows NT server
Older version developed
as an operating system for
client/server networks
Network Operating
Systems
p.8.23
Next
What is OS/2 Warp Server for E-business?
 IBM’s network
operating system
 Designed for all sizes
of business
 Includes Netscape as
its Web browser and
e-mail program
Network Operating
Systems
What is UNIX?
 A multitasking operating system developed in the early
1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories
 Lacks interoperability across multiple platforms
p.8.23 Fig. 8-24
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click UNIX
 Several versions
exist, each
slightly different
 Command-line
interface
Network Operating
Systems
What is Linux?
 A popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system
p.8.24 Fig. 8-25
Next
 Also includes many
programming
languages
 Open-source
software
• Code is available
to the public
 Some versions are
command-line and
others are GUI
Product on the Cutting
Edge
 Operating system created by Linus
Torvalds
 A free program offered as alternative to
Microsoft Windows and Apple Mac OS
 Linux’ GNU General Public License
allows anyone to obtain and modify the
source code and then redistribute the
revised product
 A large, friendly community of users
distribute the operating system and
provide an extensive number of user
groups, mailing lists, newsletters, and
forums
p.8.24
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Linux
Technology Trailblazer
Linus Torvalds
 Creator and lead technical
developer of the free
operating system Linux
 A native of Finland
 Credits the high level of
technology and superior
educational system of
Finland for giving him the
advantages of being able
to concentrate on his
brainstorm instead of
worrying about economic
issues
p.8.25
Next
Click to
view Web Link
then click
Linus Torvalds
Network Operating
Systems
What is Solaris™?
 A version of UNIX
 Developed by Sun Microsystems
 A network operating system designed
specifically for e-commerce applications
 Can manage high-traffic accounts
 Incorporates security necessary for Web
transactions
 Client computers use a version called CDE
(Common Desktop Environment)
p.8.25
Next
Embedded Operating
Systems
What is an embedded operating system?
 The operating
system on most
handheld
computers and
small devices
 Resides on a
ROM chip
p.8. 25
Next
Windows CE
Pocket
PC OS
Palm OS®
Incorporates many
elements of the
Windows GUI
Supports color,
sound, multitasking,
e-mail, and Internet
capabilities
Embedded Operating
Systems
What is Windows CE?
 A scaled down Windows operating system designed
for use on wireless communications devices and
smaller computers
• Handheld computers
• In-vehicle devices
• Web-enabled devices
p.8. 25 Fig. 8-26
Next
Provides for scaled-down
versions of applications
Embedded Operating
Systems
What is an Auto PC?
 A device mounted onto a vehicle’s dashboard that is powered
by Windows CE
 Directed through voice commands
 Provides information to the driver such as driving directions,
traffic conditions, weather, and stock quotes, and allows the
driver to access and listen to e-mail
 Acts as a radio or an audio CD
 Shares
information
with a
handheld or
notebook
computer
p.8. 25 Fig. 8-26
Next
Embedded Operating
Systems
What is Pocket PC OS®?
 A scaled-down operating
system developed by
Microsoft
 Works on a specific type of
handheld computer, called a
Pocket PC
 Allows access to all the basic
PIM functions
 Provides Web access
 Supports handwriting
recognition
 Allows document creation
p.8. 26 Fig. 8-27
Next
Click to
view video
Embedded Operating
Systems
What is Palm OS?
 Used in handheld
computers
• Palm from Palm, Inc.
• Visor from Handspring®
 Manages data and
synchronizes this
information with a
desktop computer
 Some access the Internet
p.8. 26
Next
utility suites
Combine several utility
programs into a single
package
Utility Programs
What is a utility program?
 A type of system
software that performs
a specific task
 Usually related to
managing a computer,
its devices, or its
programs
 Also called a utility
 Most operating systems
include several utility
programs
 You can also buy stand-
alone utilitiesp.8.27
Next
McAfee and Norton offer
utility suites and Web-
based utility services
Web-based utility service
You pay an annual fee that
allows you to access and
use a vendor’s utility
programs on the Web
Utility Programs
What is a file viewer?
 Allows you to display and copy the contents of a file
 Windows Explorer has a viewer called Imaging Preview
p.8.27 Fig. 8-28
Next Imaging Preview
Utility Programs
What is a file compression utility?
 Shrinks the size of a file
 Compressed files
• Take up less storage
space than the
original files
• Sometimes called
zipped files
• Usually have a .zip
extension
 You must uncompress
a compressed file to
use it
 Two popular utilities are
PKZIP™ and WinZip®
p.8.28 Fig. 8-29
Next
compressed
file
Utility Programs
What is a diagnostic
utility?
 Compiles technical
information about your
computer's hardware
and certain system
software programs
 Prepares a report
outlining any identified
problems
 Windows includes the
utility Dr. Watson
p.8.28 Fig. 8-30
Next
Utility Programs
What is an uninstaller?
 Removes an application, as well as any associated
entries in the system files
p.8.29 Fig. 8-31
Next
 When an application
is installed, the
operating system
records information
it uses to run the
software in the
system files
 The uninstaller
removes this
information
Utility Programs
What is a disk scanner?
 Detects and corrects
both physical and logical
problems on a hard disk
or floppy disk
• A physical problem is
one with the media
• A logical problem is
one with the data
 Searches for and
removes unnecessary
files
 Windows includes two
disk scanners
p.8.29 Fig. 8-32
Next
fragmented file
The contents are scattered
across two or more
noncontiguous
sectors of a disk
fragmented
disk
file 1 before
defragmenting
disk after
defragmentation
process
file 1 after
defragmenting
Utility Programs
What is a disk defragmenter?
 A utility that reorganizes the files
and unused space on a
computer's hard disk
 Allows the operating system to
access data more
quickly and
programs to run
faster
p.8.30 Fig. 8-33
Next
 Defragmenting the
disk reorganizes it
so the files are
stored in
contiguous sectors
Utility Programs
What is a backup utility?
 Allows you to copy, or backup, selected files on your
entire hard disk onto another disk or tape
 Backup utility monitors progress of the backup process
p.8.30 Fig. 8-34
Next
 Many will compress
files during the
process
 A restore program
reverses the
process and returns
backed up files to
their original forms
Utility Programs
What is a screen saver?
p.8.31 Fig. 8-35
Next
Click to
view video
 Causes a monitor's screen
to display a moving image
or blank screen if no
keyboard or mouse activity
occurs for a specified time
period
 Developed to prevent
ghosting, in which images
could be permanently
etched on a monitor’s
screen; no longer a
problem for modern
monitors
 Popular for security, business,
or entertainment purposes
Technology Trailblazer
Phillip Katz
 Developed PKZIP, a
data compression
utility
 His innovative PKZIP
shareware cornered
the data
compression market
 PKWARE has steady
annual sales of $5
million
p.8.29
Next
Click to view Web Link
then click Phillip Katz
Summary of Operating
Systems and Utility
Programs
 System software
 Operating systems
 Operating system functions
 Types of operating systems
 Stand-alone operating systems
 Network operating systems
 Embedded operating systems
 Utility programs
Chapter 8 Complete

Weitere ähnliche Inhalte

Was ist angesagt?

Software and hardware
Software and hardwareSoftware and hardware
Software and hardwaremeryy21
 
01. Basics of Computer Hardware
01. Basics of Computer Hardware01. Basics of Computer Hardware
01. Basics of Computer HardwareAkhila Dakshina
 
Presentation on computer system
Presentation on computer systemPresentation on computer system
Presentation on computer systemAnnavi John
 
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)Faraz Ahmed
 
Function of Operating system
Function of Operating systemFunction of Operating system
Function of Operating systemAmit Mehla
 
Peripheral devices
Peripheral devicesPeripheral devices
Peripheral devicesBurhan Ahmed
 
Central Processing Unit
Central Processing UnitCentral Processing Unit
Central Processing UnitJan Ralph
 
Types of Computer Memories
Types of Computer MemoriesTypes of Computer Memories
Types of Computer MemoriesBilal Ahmad
 
Computer Software
Computer SoftwareComputer Software
Computer Softwarenorzaini
 
Operating Systems
Operating SystemsOperating Systems
Operating Systemsvampugani
 
Fundamentals of Computers & Information System
Fundamentals of Computers & Information System  Fundamentals of Computers & Information System
Fundamentals of Computers & Information System Hitesh Srivastava
 
Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)
Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)
Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)Gaurav Aggarwal
 
Computer Operations & Packages
Computer Operations & PackagesComputer Operations & Packages
Computer Operations & PackagesMakaha Rutendo
 

Was ist angesagt? (20)

Software and hardware
Software and hardwareSoftware and hardware
Software and hardware
 
System software
System softwareSystem software
System software
 
01. Basics of Computer Hardware
01. Basics of Computer Hardware01. Basics of Computer Hardware
01. Basics of Computer Hardware
 
Introduction to Computers
Introduction to ComputersIntroduction to Computers
Introduction to Computers
 
Presentation on computer system
Presentation on computer systemPresentation on computer system
Presentation on computer system
 
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
Basic CPU (Central Processing Unit)
 
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
SYSTEM SOFTWARE SYSTEM SOFTWARE
SYSTEM SOFTWARE
 
Introduction to computer system
Introduction to computer systemIntroduction to computer system
Introduction to computer system
 
Function of Operating system
Function of Operating systemFunction of Operating system
Function of Operating system
 
Peripheral devices
Peripheral devicesPeripheral devices
Peripheral devices
 
Central Processing Unit
Central Processing UnitCentral Processing Unit
Central Processing Unit
 
Types of Computer Memories
Types of Computer MemoriesTypes of Computer Memories
Types of Computer Memories
 
Computer Software
Computer SoftwareComputer Software
Computer Software
 
Operating Systems
Operating SystemsOperating Systems
Operating Systems
 
Software
SoftwareSoftware
Software
 
Fundamentals of Computers & Information System
Fundamentals of Computers & Information System  Fundamentals of Computers & Information System
Fundamentals of Computers & Information System
 
Computer software
Computer softwareComputer software
Computer software
 
Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)
Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)
Operating systems (For CBSE School Students)
 
COMPUTER SYSTEM
COMPUTER SYSTEMCOMPUTER SYSTEM
COMPUTER SYSTEM
 
Computer Operations & Packages
Computer Operations & PackagesComputer Operations & Packages
Computer Operations & Packages
 

Andere mochten auch

Operating Systems and Utility Programs
Operating Systems and Utility ProgramsOperating Systems and Utility Programs
Operating Systems and Utility ProgramsSamudin Kassan
 
Operating System & Utility Programme
Operating System & Utility ProgrammeOperating System & Utility Programme
Operating System & Utility Programmebbp2067
 
Operating system overview concepts ppt
Operating system overview concepts pptOperating system overview concepts ppt
Operating system overview concepts pptRajendraPrasad Alladi
 
Chapter 8 operating systems and utility programs
Chapter 8   operating systems and utility programsChapter 8   operating systems and utility programs
Chapter 8 operating systems and utility programshaider ali
 
Functions Of Operating Systems
Functions Of Operating SystemsFunctions Of Operating Systems
Functions Of Operating SystemsAkshay Kurup
 
Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2
Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2
Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2Prolacta
 
Benefits of Probiotics
Benefits of ProbioticsBenefits of Probiotics
Benefits of ProbioticsRaga C
 
What is Accuflora Probiotics
What is Accuflora ProbioticsWhat is Accuflora Probiotics
What is Accuflora ProbioticsRaga C
 
Costco Probiotic
Costco ProbioticCostco Probiotic
Costco ProbioticRaga C
 
Use of Probiotics in the NICU
Use of Probiotics in the NICUUse of Probiotics in the NICU
Use of Probiotics in the NICUProlacta
 
Fivelac probiotic
Fivelac probioticFivelac probiotic
Fivelac probioticRaga C
 
PTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI Lecture
PTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI LecturePTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI Lecture
PTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI Lecturemarlicz
 
What is Biogaia Probiotic
What is Biogaia ProbioticWhat is Biogaia Probiotic
What is Biogaia ProbioticRaga C
 
Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016
Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016
Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016Sofia Zois
 
Scientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre And
Scientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre AndScientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre And
Scientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre AndGeoffreyOsullivan
 
A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...
A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...
A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...DVS BioLife Ltd
 
I'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel Well
I'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel WellI'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel Well
I'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel WellIFSMED
 
Probiotics.farhat
Probiotics.farhatProbiotics.farhat
Probiotics.farhatDema Moheb
 

Andere mochten auch (20)

Operating Systems and Utility Programs
Operating Systems and Utility ProgramsOperating Systems and Utility Programs
Operating Systems and Utility Programs
 
Operating System & Utility Programme
Operating System & Utility ProgrammeOperating System & Utility Programme
Operating System & Utility Programme
 
Utility programs
Utility programsUtility programs
Utility programs
 
Operating system overview concepts ppt
Operating system overview concepts pptOperating system overview concepts ppt
Operating system overview concepts ppt
 
Chapter 8 operating systems and utility programs
Chapter 8   operating systems and utility programsChapter 8   operating systems and utility programs
Chapter 8 operating systems and utility programs
 
Functions Of Operating Systems
Functions Of Operating SystemsFunctions Of Operating Systems
Functions Of Operating Systems
 
Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2
Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2
Use of Probiotics in the NICU - Part 2
 
Operating Systems
Operating SystemsOperating Systems
Operating Systems
 
Benefits of Probiotics
Benefits of ProbioticsBenefits of Probiotics
Benefits of Probiotics
 
What is Accuflora Probiotics
What is Accuflora ProbioticsWhat is Accuflora Probiotics
What is Accuflora Probiotics
 
Costco Probiotic
Costco ProbioticCostco Probiotic
Costco Probiotic
 
Use of Probiotics in the NICU
Use of Probiotics in the NICUUse of Probiotics in the NICU
Use of Probiotics in the NICU
 
Fivelac probiotic
Fivelac probioticFivelac probiotic
Fivelac probiotic
 
PTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI Lecture
PTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI LecturePTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI Lecture
PTG-E Congress 2008 Microbe Hunters GI Lecture
 
What is Biogaia Probiotic
What is Biogaia ProbioticWhat is Biogaia Probiotic
What is Biogaia Probiotic
 
Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016
Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016
Pre and Probiotics Final Spring 2016
 
Scientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre And
Scientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre AndScientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre And
Scientific Validation Of Polydextrose As A Fibre And
 
A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...
A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...
A review on the Role of Beneficial microorganisms and Prebiotics in Human Nut...
 
I'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel Well
I'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel WellI'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel Well
I'm Gluten Free and Still Don't Feel Well
 
Probiotics.farhat
Probiotics.farhatProbiotics.farhat
Probiotics.farhat
 

Ähnlich wie Chapter 8 Operating Systems And Utility Programs

Chapter08-OS.ppt
Chapter08-OS.pptChapter08-OS.ppt
Chapter08-OS.pptyonas771772
 
Operating system &utility program
Operating system &utility programOperating system &utility program
Operating system &utility programDhani Ahmad
 
Application software and system software
Application software and system softwareApplication software and system software
Application software and system softwareshujra
 
CSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility Programs
CSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility ProgramsCSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility Programs
CSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility ProgramsYhal Htet Aung
 
Computer Notes
Computer NotesComputer Notes
Computer NotesEHSAN KHAN
 
Reformat PPT.pptx
Reformat PPT.pptxReformat PPT.pptx
Reformat PPT.pptxLINDYLGERAL
 
Computer system software
Computer system softwareComputer system software
Computer system softwareMozaSaid
 
Functions of OS.ppt
 Functions of OS.ppt Functions of OS.ppt
Functions of OS.pptJunaidAkbar37
 
operating systems By ZAK
operating systems By ZAKoperating systems By ZAK
operating systems By ZAKTabsheer Hasan
 
PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018
PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018
PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018Fizaril Amzari Omar
 
Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)
Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)
Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)DanaAlexander13
 
ICT Presentation operating system and types.pptx
ICT Presentation operating system and types.pptxICT Presentation operating system and types.pptx
ICT Presentation operating system and types.pptxShehlafaiz1
 
PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)
PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)
PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)Fizaril Amzari Omar
 

Ähnlich wie Chapter 8 Operating Systems And Utility Programs (20)

Chapter08-OS.ppt
Chapter08-OS.pptChapter08-OS.ppt
Chapter08-OS.ppt
 
Operating system &utility program
Operating system &utility programOperating system &utility program
Operating system &utility program
 
Application software and system software
Application software and system softwareApplication software and system software
Application software and system software
 
CSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility Programs
CSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility ProgramsCSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility Programs
CSC1100 - Chapter06 - Operating System & Utility Programs
 
Computer Notes
Computer NotesComputer Notes
Computer Notes
 
computer Unit 7
computer Unit 7computer Unit 7
computer Unit 7
 
Reformat PPT.pptx
Reformat PPT.pptxReformat PPT.pptx
Reformat PPT.pptx
 
Computer system software
Computer system softwareComputer system software
Computer system software
 
Chapter08
Chapter08Chapter08
Chapter08
 
Functions of OS.ppt
 Functions of OS.ppt Functions of OS.ppt
Functions of OS.ppt
 
operating systems By ZAK
operating systems By ZAKoperating systems By ZAK
operating systems By ZAK
 
PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018
PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018
PST SC015 Chapter 2 Computer System (IV) 2017/2018
 
Unit 4 software
Unit 4  softwareUnit 4  software
Unit 4 software
 
Software.pptx
Software.pptxSoftware.pptx
Software.pptx
 
Operating system
Operating systemOperating system
Operating system
 
Computer softwre
Computer softwreComputer softwre
Computer softwre
 
Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)
Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)
Fundamental concepts and_principles_of_operating_systems (2)
 
ICT Presentation operating system and types.pptx
ICT Presentation operating system and types.pptxICT Presentation operating system and types.pptx
ICT Presentation operating system and types.pptx
 
PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)
PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)
PDT DC015 Chapter 2 Computer System 2017/2018 (m)
 
System Software
System SoftwareSystem Software
System Software
 

Mehr von norzaini

Using The Function In Excel 3
Using The Function In Excel 3Using The Function In Excel 3
Using The Function In Excel 3norzaini
 
Protecting Your Computer
Protecting Your ComputerProtecting Your Computer
Protecting Your Computernorzaini
 
Exploring The Word Window
Exploring The Word WindowExploring The Word Window
Exploring The Word Windownorzaini
 
Word Processing
Word ProcessingWord Processing
Word Processingnorzaini
 
Spreadsheet 1
Spreadsheet 1Spreadsheet 1
Spreadsheet 1norzaini
 
Managing Files
Managing FilesManaging Files
Managing Filesnorzaini
 
Computer Basic Definitions
Computer Basic DefinitionsComputer Basic Definitions
Computer Basic Definitionsnorzaini
 
Building Formulas With Excel 2
Building Formulas With Excel 2Building Formulas With Excel 2
Building Formulas With Excel 2norzaini
 
Chapter 9 Communications And Networks
Chapter 9 Communications And NetworksChapter 9 Communications And Networks
Chapter 9 Communications And Networksnorzaini
 
Chapter 3 Application Software
Chapter 3  Application  SoftwareChapter 3  Application  Software
Chapter 3 Application Softwarenorzaini
 
Chapter 7 Storage
Chapter 7 StorageChapter 7 Storage
Chapter 7 Storagenorzaini
 
Chapter 6 Output
Chapter 6 OutputChapter 6 Output
Chapter 6 Outputnorzaini
 
Chapter 5 Input
Chapter 5 InputChapter 5 Input
Chapter 5 Inputnorzaini
 
Chapter 4 The Components Of The System Unit
Chapter 4 The Components Of The System UnitChapter 4 The Components Of The System Unit
Chapter 4 The Components Of The System Unitnorzaini
 
Chapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical Iss
Chapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical IssChapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical Iss
Chapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical Issnorzaini
 
Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web
Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide WebChapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web
Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Webnorzaini
 
Chapter 1 Introduction To Computers
Chapter 1 Introduction To ComputersChapter 1 Introduction To Computers
Chapter 1 Introduction To Computersnorzaini
 

Mehr von norzaini (17)

Using The Function In Excel 3
Using The Function In Excel 3Using The Function In Excel 3
Using The Function In Excel 3
 
Protecting Your Computer
Protecting Your ComputerProtecting Your Computer
Protecting Your Computer
 
Exploring The Word Window
Exploring The Word WindowExploring The Word Window
Exploring The Word Window
 
Word Processing
Word ProcessingWord Processing
Word Processing
 
Spreadsheet 1
Spreadsheet 1Spreadsheet 1
Spreadsheet 1
 
Managing Files
Managing FilesManaging Files
Managing Files
 
Computer Basic Definitions
Computer Basic DefinitionsComputer Basic Definitions
Computer Basic Definitions
 
Building Formulas With Excel 2
Building Formulas With Excel 2Building Formulas With Excel 2
Building Formulas With Excel 2
 
Chapter 9 Communications And Networks
Chapter 9 Communications And NetworksChapter 9 Communications And Networks
Chapter 9 Communications And Networks
 
Chapter 3 Application Software
Chapter 3  Application  SoftwareChapter 3  Application  Software
Chapter 3 Application Software
 
Chapter 7 Storage
Chapter 7 StorageChapter 7 Storage
Chapter 7 Storage
 
Chapter 6 Output
Chapter 6 OutputChapter 6 Output
Chapter 6 Output
 
Chapter 5 Input
Chapter 5 InputChapter 5 Input
Chapter 5 Input
 
Chapter 4 The Components Of The System Unit
Chapter 4 The Components Of The System UnitChapter 4 The Components Of The System Unit
Chapter 4 The Components Of The System Unit
 
Chapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical Iss
Chapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical IssChapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical Iss
Chapter 11 Computers And Society Home, Work, And Ethical Iss
 
Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web
Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide WebChapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web
Chapter 2 The Internet And World Wide Web
 
Chapter 1 Introduction To Computers
Chapter 1 Introduction To ComputersChapter 1 Introduction To Computers
Chapter 1 Introduction To Computers
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen

Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesDavid Newbury
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024SkyPlanner
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemAsko Soukka
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8DianaGray10
 
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostMatt Ray
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaborationbruanjhuli
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsSeth Reyes
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1DianaGray10
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDELiveplex
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopBachir Benyammi
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding TeamAdam Moalla
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAshyamraj55
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioChristian Posta
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureEric D. Schabell
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...Aggregage
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationIES VE
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintMahmoud Rabie
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfAijun Zhang
 

Kürzlich hochgeladen (20)

Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond OntologiesLinked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
Linked Data in Production: Moving Beyond Ontologies
 
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
Salesforce Miami User Group Event - 1st Quarter 2024
 
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystemBird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
Bird eye's view on Camunda open source ecosystem
 
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
UiPath Studio Web workshop series - Day 8
 
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCostKubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
KubeConEU24-Monitoring Kubernetes and Cloud Spend with OpenCost
 
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online CollaborationCOMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
COMPUTER 10: Lesson 7 - File Storage and Online Collaboration
 
20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV20150722 - AGV
20150722 - AGV
 
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and HazardsComputer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
Computer 10: Lesson 10 - Online Crimes and Hazards
 
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
UiPath Platform: The Backend Engine Powering Your Automation - Session 1
 
201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1201610817 - edge part1
201610817 - edge part1
 
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDEADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
ADOPTING WEB 3 FOR YOUR BUSINESS: A STEP-BY-STEP GUIDE
 
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 WorkshopNIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF) 2.0 Workshop
 
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
9 Steps For Building Winning Founding Team
 
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPAAnypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
Anypoint Code Builder , Google Pub sub connector and MuleSoft RPA
 
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and IstioComparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
Comparing Sidecar-less Service Mesh from Cilium and Istio
 
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability AdventureOpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
OpenShift Commons Paris - Choose Your Own Observability Adventure
 
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
The Data Metaverse: Unpacking the Roles, Use Cases, and Tech Trends in Data a...
 
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve DecarbonizationUsing IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
Using IESVE for Loads, Sizing and Heat Pump Modeling to Achieve Decarbonization
 
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership BlueprintEmpowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
Empowering Africa's Next Generation: The AI Leadership Blueprint
 
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdfMachine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
Machine Learning Model Validation (Aijun Zhang 2024).pdf
 

Chapter 8 Operating Systems And Utility Programs

  • 2. Describe the two types of software Understand the startup process for a personal computer Describe the term user interface Explain features common to most operating systems Know the difference between stand-alone operating systems and network operating systems Identify various stand-alone operating systems Identify various network operating systems Recognize devices that use embedded operating systems Discuss the purpose of the following utilities: file viewer, file compression, diagnostic, uninstaller, disk scanner, disk defragmenter, backup, and screen saver Chapter 8 Objectives Next p.8.2
  • 3. System Software What is software?  The series of computer-language coded instructions that tells the computer how to perform tasks  Two types of software p.8.2 Next application software system software
  • 4. System Software What is system software?  Consists of the programs that control the operations of the computer and its devices  Serves as the interface between the user, the application software, and the computer's hardware  Two types are operating systems and utility programs p.8.2 Next
  • 5. Operating System Operating Systems What is an operating system (OS)?  A set of programs containing instructions that coordinate all the activities among computer hardware resources  Required for a computer to work  Sometimes called the software platform or platform p.8.3 Next Click to view animation
  • 6. Operating System manage programs Operating Systems What are the functions of an operating system? p.8.3 Fig. 8-1 Next start up the computer administer security control a network monitor performance and provide housekeeping servicesaccess the Web schedule jobs and configure devices provide user interface manage memory
  • 7. Operating Systems Where is the operating system located?  Resides on computer’s hard disk in most cases  May reside on a ROM chip on handheld computers p.8.3 Next various operating systems often are not compatible with each other same types of computers may have different operating systems different sizes of computers typically use different operating systems
  • 8. Operating Systems What is a cross-platform application? p.8.4 Fig. 8-2 Next runs on Windows 98 and Windows NT  One that runs identically on multiple operating systems  Often has multiple versions, each corresponding to a different operating system
  • 9. Operating System Functions What is booting?  The process of starting or restarting a computer p.8. 4 Next cold boot Process of turning on a computer after it has been powered off completely warm boot Process of restarting a computer that is already powered on Also called a warm start
  • 10. memory resident • Instructions remain in memory while the computer is running • The kernel is memory resident Operating System Functions What is the kernel?  The core of an operating system • Manages memory and devices • Maintains the computer’s clocks • Starts applications • Assigns the computer’s resources, such as devices, programs, data, and information  Each time you boot a computer, the kernel and other frequently used operating system instructions are loaded • Loading a file means the file is copied from the hard disk to the computer's memoryp.8. 4 Next nonresident • Instructions remain on the hard disk until they are needed • Other parts of the operating system are nonresident
  • 11. Operating System Functions What messages display on the screen when you boot the computer? p.8.4 Fig. 8-3 Next sound card and CD-ROM drivers loaded message devices detected and tested total amount of memory BIOS version and copyright notice
  • 12. Step 1: The power supply sends a signal to components in the system unit. Step 1 Step 2: The processor looks for the BIOS. processor BIOS Step 2 BIOS basic input/output system Firmware that contains the computer's startup instructions Operating System Functions How does a personal computer boot up? p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4 Next
  • 13. processor BIOS CD-ROM drive Step 3 Operating System Functions Step 3: The BIOS performs the POST, which checks components such as the mouse, keyboard connectors, and expansion cards. POST power-on self test expansion cards p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4 Next
  • 14. Operating System Functions p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4 Next Step 4: The results of the POST are compared with data in the CMOS chip. processor BIOS CD-ROM drive CMOS Step 4 CMOS chip Stores configuration information about the computer Also detects new devices connected to the computer expansion cards
  • 15. Operating System Functions p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4 Next Step 5: The BIOS looks for the system files in drive A (floppy disk drive) and then drive C (hard disk). processor BIOS hard disk CD-ROM drive CMOS floppy disk drive Step 5 expansion cards system files Specific operating system files loaded during start up
  • 16. Operating System Functions p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4 Next Step 6: The boot program loads the kernel of the operating system into RAM from storage (hard disk). The operating system in memory takes control of the computer. processor BIOS hard disk CD-ROM drive (RAM) memory modules CMOS floppy disk drive Step 6 expansion cards
  • 17. Step 7 Operating System Functions p.8. 5 Fig. 8-4 Next Step 7: The operating system loads configuration information and displays the desktop on the screen. The operating system executes programs in the StartUp folder. registry Several files that contain the system configuration information Registry is constantly accessed during the computer's operation StartUp folder Contains a list of programs that open automatically when you boot the computer
  • 18. Operating System Functions What is a boot drive?  The drive from which your personal computer boots (starts)  In most cases, drive C (the hard disk) is the boot drive p.8.6 Fig. 8-5 Next
  • 19. Step 1: Click the Start button on the taskbar, point to Programs on the Start menu, point to Accessories on the Programs submenu, point to System Tools on the Accessories submenu, and then point to Backup. Operating System Functions What is an emergency repair disk? p.8.6 Fig. 8-5 Next Step 2: Click Backup on the System Tools submenu to open the Backup window. Point to the Emergency Repair Disk button. Emergency Repair Disk button Step 3: Click the Emergency Repair Disk button to create the emergency repair disk. Follow the on-screen instructions.  A floppy disk, Zip® disk, or CD-ROM that contains system files that will start the computer  Used when a hard disk becomes damaged and the computer cannot boot  Also called a boot disk or a rescue disk  To create a boot disk:
  • 20. Allows you to type keywords or press special keys on the keyboard to enter data and instructions Set of commands you use to interact with the computer is called the command language command-line interface command s entered by user graphical user interface (GUI) Allows you to use menus and visual images to issue commands  Controls how you enter data and instructions and how information displays on the screen Operating System Functions What is a user interface? p.8.7 Fig. 8-6 Next Click to view animation
  • 21. Operating System Functions What are features of a graphical user interface?  Menu: a set of commands from which you can choose  Icon: a small image that represents a program, an instruction, a file, or some other object  Web pages can be delivered or pushed automatically to your screen p.8.8 Fig. 8-7 Next icons function as Web links Web pages pushed onto the desktop
  • 22. Operating System Functions How does an operating system manage programs?  Operating systems vary in capabilities • Number of users • Number of programs running at the same time • Number of processors  Management of programs directly affects user productivity p.8.8 Next single user/single tasking operating system Allows only one user to run one program at a time Early systems were single user
  • 23. Operating System Functions What is multitasking?  Allows a single user to work on two or more applications that reside in memory at the same time p.8.9 Fig. 8-8 Next  The foreground contains the active application: the one you currently are using  The other programs that are running, but are not in use, are in the background background applications listed on the toolbar foreground application
  • 24. Operating System Functions p.8.9 Next multiuser Operating system enables two or more users to run a program simultaneously multiprocessing Operating system can support two or more processors running programs at the same time fault-tolerant computer Continues to operate even if one of its components fails Computer has duplicate components such as processors, memory, and disk drives What are other program management features of operating systems? Click to view animation
  • 25. clears items from memory when the processor no longer requires them monitors the contents of memory Operating System Functions What is memory management?  Optimizes the use of random access memory (RAM) p.8.10 Next allocates, or assigns, data and instructions to an area of memory while they are being processed
  • 26. RAM (physical memory) disk (virtual memory) page swapped out RAM (physical memory) disk (virtual memory) Step 1: Operating system transfers least recently used data and program instructions to disk because memory is needed for other functions. page swapped in page swapped out RAM (physical memory) disk (virtual memory) Step 2: Operating system transfers data and program instructions from disk to memory when they are needed. Operating System Functions What is virtual memory (VM) management?  The operating system allocates a portion of a storage medium, usually the hard disk, to function as additional RAM p.8.10 Fig. 8-9 Next
  • 27. Operating System Functions What are some virtual memory terms? p.8.10 Next swap file The area of the hard disk used for virtual memory paging The technique of swapping items between memory and storage thrashing When an operating system spends much of its time paging, instead of executing application software page The amount of data and program instructions that can swap at a given time
  • 28. job An operation the processor manages Operating System Functions How does an operating system schedule jobs?  Adjusts the schedule of jobs based on their priority  A buffer is an area of memory or storage in which items are placed while waiting to be transferred to or from an input or output device p.8.10 Next processing instructions sending information to an output device transferring items from storage to memory and from memory to storage receiving data from an input device
  • 29. server print jobprint spoolerprint queue server jobs to be printed disk print jobprint spoolerprint queueprint queue print spooler print job jobs to be printed jobs being printed server laser printerdisk  Print jobs are sent to a buffer instead of sending them immediately to the printer  Multiple print jobs line up in a queue within the buffer  A program, called a print spooler, intercepts print jobs from the operating system and places them in the queue Operating System Functions What is spooling? p.8.11 Fig. 8-10 Next
  • 30. Operating System Functions What is a device driver? p.8.11 Next Click to view Web Link then click Device Drivers device driver  A small program that tells the operating system how to communicate with a device  Also called a driver  Each device on a computer requires its own specific driver
  • 31. Step 1: Open the Control Panel window. Point to the Add/Remove Hardware icon. Add/Remove Hardware icon Step 2: Start the Add/Remove Hardware Wizard by double- clicking the Add/Remove Hardware icon. Follow the on- screen instructions. Step 3: The Add/Remove Hardware Wizard searches for Plug and Play devices on your system. If it finds any such devices, it installs them. Step 4: If the Add/Remove Hardware Wizard cannot find any Plug and Play devices, you can select the type of device you want to install. device type selected Operating System Functions How do you install a device driver? p.8.12 Fig. 8-11 Next Step 5: Next you select the manufacturer and model you want to install. You may be requested to insert the floppy disk, CD-ROM, or DVD-ROM that contains necessary driver files to complete the installation of the device. manufacturer selected model selected
  • 32. Operating System Functions What is Plug and Play?  The computer can recognize a new device and assist you in its installation by loading the necessary drivers automatically and checking for conflicts with other devices  Supported by most devices and operating systems today p.8. 13 Next Click to view Web Link then click Plug and Play
  • 33. Operating System Functions What is an interrupt request (IRQ)?  A communications line between a device and the processor  Most computers have 16 IRQs, numbered 0 through 15 p.8. 13Fig. 8-12 Next  IRQs are assigned during installation
  • 34. Operating System Functions How does the operating system help access the Web?  Typically provides a means to establish Web connections  Some include a Web browser and an e-mail program p.8.13 Fig. 8-13 Next
  • 35. Operating System Functions How does an operating system monitor performance?  Provides a program, called a performance monitor, that assesses and reports information about various system resources and devices p.8.14 Fig. 8-14 Next
  • 36. Operating System Functions How does an operating system manage files?  Contains a program called a file manager  Performs functions related to storage and file management p.8.14 Fig. 8-15 Next
  • 37. organizing, copying, renaming, deleting, moving, and sorting files Operating System Functions p.8.15 Next displaying a list of files on a storage medium checking the amount of used or free space on a storage medium formatting and copying disks creating shortcuts: an icon on the desktop that runs a program when you click it What are some file manager functions?
  • 38. Operating System Functions What is formatting?  The process of preparing a disk for reading and writing  Most floppy and hard disk manufacturers preformat their disks  Various operating systems format disks differently p.8. 15 Next
  • 39. Operating System Functions What is a file allocation table (FAT)?  A table of information that the operating system uses to locate files on a disk  Defined during the formatting process  Lists all files, file types, and locations  Reformatting a disk usually erases only the file allocation table and leaves the actual files on the disk p.8. 15 Next
  • 40. Operating System Functions What is a network operating system?  An operating system that supports a network  Also called a network OS or NOS p.8.15 Fig. 8-16 Next  A network is a collection of computers and devices connected together via communications media and devices server controls access laser printer client client client
  • 41. Operating System Functions What are features of a network operating system?  The server is the computer that controls access to the network and provides a centralized storage area  The other computers on the network are called clients p.8.15 Fig. 8-16 Next Organizes and coordinates how multiple users access and share resources on the network Resources include programs, files, and devices such as printers and drives Network administrator uses the network OS to add and remove users, computers, and other devices to and from the network
  • 42. Operating System Functions How do operating systems administer security?  Most multiuser operating systems allow each user to log on p.8.16 Fig. 8-17 log on Process of entering a user name and a password user name A unique combination of characters that identifies one specific user Also called a user ID password A combination of characters associated with the user name that allows access to certain computer resources Next
  • 43. Operating System Functions How does a network administrator use the network OS?  To establish permissions to resources  To define who can access certain resources  To define when they can access those resources  To assign passwords to files and commands to restrict access to only authorized users p.8. 16 Next Active Directory (AD) A feature of Windows 2000 Server that allows network administrators to manage all network information including users, devices, settings, and connections from a central environment
  • 44. device-independent Run on many manufacturers’ computers device-dependent One that runs only on a specific type of computer proprietary software Privately owned and limited to a specific vendor or computer model upward-compatible Written for an earlier version of the operating system, but also runs with the new version Types of Operating Systems What are some characteristics of operating systems? p.8.17 Next downward-compatible Recognizes and works with application software written for an earlier version of the operating system
  • 45. Types of Operating Systems What are three categories of operating systems? p.8.17 Fig. 8-18 Next
  • 46. Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is a stand-alone operating system?  A complete operating system that works on a desktop or notebook computer  Some, called client operating systems, also work in conjunction with a network operating system p.8.17 Next
  • 47. commands entered by user Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is DOS (Disk Operating System)?  Refers to several single user operating systems developed in the early 1980s for personal computers  Two more widely used versions were PC-DOS and MS- DOS, both developed by Microsoft p.8.17 Next  Used a command line interface and added a menu- driven interface in later versions
  • 48. Windows 95 A true multitasking operating system with downward compatibility for DOS and Windows 3.x Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is Windows?  Developed by Microsoft to meet the need for an operating system that had a GUI p.8.18 Next Click to view Web Link then click Windows Windows 3.x Refers to three early versions of Microsoft Windows that were operating environments with DOS An operating environment is a GUI that works in combination with an operating system to simplify its use Windows NT Workstation A client operating system that could connect to a Windows NT server Used a Windows 95 interface
  • 49. Support for the Universal Serial Bus (USB) Stand-Alone Operating Systems What are features of Windows 98?  Upgrade to Windows 95  More integrated with the Internet than Windows 95  Included Internet Explorer, a popular Web browser  The file manager, Windows Explorer, had a Web browser look and feel  An Active Desktop™ interface allowing icons and file names to work similar to Web links p.8.18 Next Support for multimedia technologies such as DVD and Web TV ™
  • 50. Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is Windows 2000 Professional?  Upgrade to the Windows NT Workstation operating system  Complete multitasking client operating system that has a GUI p.8.18 Fig. 8-19 Next Click to view video
  • 51. FAT32 Registry Checker Stand-Alone Operating Systems What are features of most Windows operating systems? p.8.18 Next Active Desktop™ Taskbar/toolbars Windows Explorer has a Web browser look and feel Increased speed Tune-Up Wizard Universal Serial Bus Update Wizard Multiple display support Hardware support Accessibility Settings Wizard
  • 52. Stand-Alone Operating Systems  An operating system that has features specifically for the home user  Also called Windows Me  Includes multimedia features p.8.20 Fig. 8-21 Next What is Windows Millennium Edition (Me)?
  • 53. Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is Mac OS?  A multitasking operating system available only for computers manufactured by Apple p.8.21 Fig. 8-22 Next Click to view Web Link then click Mac OS  Apple’s Macintosh operating system was the first commercially successful GUI  Mac OS is the current version
  • 54. Stand-Alone Operating Systems What is OS/2 Warp?  IBM’s GUI multitasking client operating system p.8.22 Fig. 8-23 Next  Supports networking, the Internet, Java, and speech recognition  Runs programs written specifically for OS/2, as well as most programs written for DOS and Windows
  • 55. Company on the Cutting Edge Apple Computer, Inc.  Formed by Steven Jobs and Stephen Wozniak in 1976  Began with the Apple I circuit board developed in Jobs’ garage  The Apple II product line generated more than $1 billion in annual sales from 1977 until 1993  The current high- performance Power Macintosh line was introduced in 1994, followed by the iBook, the PowerMac G4, and the Mac OS X p.8.21 Next Click to view Web Link then click Apple
  • 56. Network Operating Systems What is a network operating system?  An operating system that supports a network  Typically resides on a server  Client computers on the network rely on the server(s) for resources p.8.22 Next
  • 57. Network Operating Systems What is Novell’s Netware?  A widely used network operating system designed for client/server networks  Has a server portion that resides on the network server and a client portion that resides on each client computer connected to the network p.8.22 Next Click to view Web Link then click Novell
  • 58. Network Operating Systems What is Windows 2000 Server?  Family of three products • Windows 2000 Server: operating system for the typical business network • Windows 2000 Advanced Server: designed for e-commerce applications • Windows 2000 Datacenter Server: best for demanding, large-scale applications such as data warehousing p.8.22 Next Windows NT server Older version developed as an operating system for client/server networks
  • 59. Network Operating Systems p.8.23 Next What is OS/2 Warp Server for E-business?  IBM’s network operating system  Designed for all sizes of business  Includes Netscape as its Web browser and e-mail program
  • 60. Network Operating Systems What is UNIX?  A multitasking operating system developed in the early 1970s by scientists at Bell Laboratories  Lacks interoperability across multiple platforms p.8.23 Fig. 8-24 Next Click to view Web Link then click UNIX  Several versions exist, each slightly different  Command-line interface
  • 61. Network Operating Systems What is Linux?  A popular, free, multitasking UNIX-type operating system p.8.24 Fig. 8-25 Next  Also includes many programming languages  Open-source software • Code is available to the public  Some versions are command-line and others are GUI
  • 62. Product on the Cutting Edge  Operating system created by Linus Torvalds  A free program offered as alternative to Microsoft Windows and Apple Mac OS  Linux’ GNU General Public License allows anyone to obtain and modify the source code and then redistribute the revised product  A large, friendly community of users distribute the operating system and provide an extensive number of user groups, mailing lists, newsletters, and forums p.8.24 Next Click to view Web Link then click Linux
  • 63. Technology Trailblazer Linus Torvalds  Creator and lead technical developer of the free operating system Linux  A native of Finland  Credits the high level of technology and superior educational system of Finland for giving him the advantages of being able to concentrate on his brainstorm instead of worrying about economic issues p.8.25 Next Click to view Web Link then click Linus Torvalds
  • 64. Network Operating Systems What is Solaris™?  A version of UNIX  Developed by Sun Microsystems  A network operating system designed specifically for e-commerce applications  Can manage high-traffic accounts  Incorporates security necessary for Web transactions  Client computers use a version called CDE (Common Desktop Environment) p.8.25 Next
  • 65. Embedded Operating Systems What is an embedded operating system?  The operating system on most handheld computers and small devices  Resides on a ROM chip p.8. 25 Next Windows CE Pocket PC OS Palm OS®
  • 66. Incorporates many elements of the Windows GUI Supports color, sound, multitasking, e-mail, and Internet capabilities Embedded Operating Systems What is Windows CE?  A scaled down Windows operating system designed for use on wireless communications devices and smaller computers • Handheld computers • In-vehicle devices • Web-enabled devices p.8. 25 Fig. 8-26 Next Provides for scaled-down versions of applications
  • 67. Embedded Operating Systems What is an Auto PC?  A device mounted onto a vehicle’s dashboard that is powered by Windows CE  Directed through voice commands  Provides information to the driver such as driving directions, traffic conditions, weather, and stock quotes, and allows the driver to access and listen to e-mail  Acts as a radio or an audio CD  Shares information with a handheld or notebook computer p.8. 25 Fig. 8-26 Next
  • 68. Embedded Operating Systems What is Pocket PC OS®?  A scaled-down operating system developed by Microsoft  Works on a specific type of handheld computer, called a Pocket PC  Allows access to all the basic PIM functions  Provides Web access  Supports handwriting recognition  Allows document creation p.8. 26 Fig. 8-27 Next Click to view video
  • 69. Embedded Operating Systems What is Palm OS?  Used in handheld computers • Palm from Palm, Inc. • Visor from Handspring®  Manages data and synchronizes this information with a desktop computer  Some access the Internet p.8. 26 Next
  • 70. utility suites Combine several utility programs into a single package Utility Programs What is a utility program?  A type of system software that performs a specific task  Usually related to managing a computer, its devices, or its programs  Also called a utility  Most operating systems include several utility programs  You can also buy stand- alone utilitiesp.8.27 Next McAfee and Norton offer utility suites and Web- based utility services Web-based utility service You pay an annual fee that allows you to access and use a vendor’s utility programs on the Web
  • 71. Utility Programs What is a file viewer?  Allows you to display and copy the contents of a file  Windows Explorer has a viewer called Imaging Preview p.8.27 Fig. 8-28 Next Imaging Preview
  • 72. Utility Programs What is a file compression utility?  Shrinks the size of a file  Compressed files • Take up less storage space than the original files • Sometimes called zipped files • Usually have a .zip extension  You must uncompress a compressed file to use it  Two popular utilities are PKZIP™ and WinZip® p.8.28 Fig. 8-29 Next compressed file
  • 73. Utility Programs What is a diagnostic utility?  Compiles technical information about your computer's hardware and certain system software programs  Prepares a report outlining any identified problems  Windows includes the utility Dr. Watson p.8.28 Fig. 8-30 Next
  • 74. Utility Programs What is an uninstaller?  Removes an application, as well as any associated entries in the system files p.8.29 Fig. 8-31 Next  When an application is installed, the operating system records information it uses to run the software in the system files  The uninstaller removes this information
  • 75. Utility Programs What is a disk scanner?  Detects and corrects both physical and logical problems on a hard disk or floppy disk • A physical problem is one with the media • A logical problem is one with the data  Searches for and removes unnecessary files  Windows includes two disk scanners p.8.29 Fig. 8-32 Next
  • 76. fragmented file The contents are scattered across two or more noncontiguous sectors of a disk fragmented disk file 1 before defragmenting disk after defragmentation process file 1 after defragmenting Utility Programs What is a disk defragmenter?  A utility that reorganizes the files and unused space on a computer's hard disk  Allows the operating system to access data more quickly and programs to run faster p.8.30 Fig. 8-33 Next  Defragmenting the disk reorganizes it so the files are stored in contiguous sectors
  • 77. Utility Programs What is a backup utility?  Allows you to copy, or backup, selected files on your entire hard disk onto another disk or tape  Backup utility monitors progress of the backup process p.8.30 Fig. 8-34 Next  Many will compress files during the process  A restore program reverses the process and returns backed up files to their original forms
  • 78. Utility Programs What is a screen saver? p.8.31 Fig. 8-35 Next Click to view video  Causes a monitor's screen to display a moving image or blank screen if no keyboard or mouse activity occurs for a specified time period  Developed to prevent ghosting, in which images could be permanently etched on a monitor’s screen; no longer a problem for modern monitors  Popular for security, business, or entertainment purposes
  • 79. Technology Trailblazer Phillip Katz  Developed PKZIP, a data compression utility  His innovative PKZIP shareware cornered the data compression market  PKWARE has steady annual sales of $5 million p.8.29 Next Click to view Web Link then click Phillip Katz
  • 80. Summary of Operating Systems and Utility Programs  System software  Operating systems  Operating system functions  Types of operating systems  Stand-alone operating systems  Network operating systems  Embedded operating systems  Utility programs