Clive Wicks Presentation CLIVE WICKS, Consultant, Working Group in Mining in the Philippines Conference on Mining's Impact on Philippine Economy and Ecology Financial Executives Institute of the Philippines (FINEX) Management Association of the Philippines (MAP) Philippine Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PCCI) GRAND BALLROOM INTER-CONTINENTAL MANILA 2 March 2012 Friday, 2:00 PM to 5:00 PM

1. PHILIPPINES - Mining or Food?
Mining’s Impact on Economy
and Ecology
CLIVE WICKS FCMI
Conservation and Development
Consultant
2nd March 2012

2. This talk is dedicated to the memory of
Fr Fausto “Pops” Tentorio, PIME
17 October 2011
Councilor Armin R. Marin,
R Marin
October 3, 2007
and
many other
Environmental Martyrs including 11 working
with us in 5 years

3. CONGRATULATE
President Aquino III ON
REVIEWING MINING
EO NUMBER 23
AND ON PROPOSALS FOR
TOTAL ECONOMIC VALUATION
VITAL TO
PROTECT NATURAL CAPITAL

4. DR ROBERT GOODLAND
CLIVE WICKS
WE HAVE NEARLY 100 YEARS OF
EXPERIENCE OF AGRICULTURE,
ENGINEERING AND ENVIRONMENTAL
PROGRAMMES
OG S
WE ARE IN FAVOUR OF
RESPONSIBLE MINING

5. WGMP formed in 2007 after 2006 field trip of Clare Short MP
to the Philippines to raise issues with London Investment Institutions
WORKING
GROUP
ON
MINING
IN THE Ireland
PHILIPPINES
Members of WGMP: Cathal Doyle, Irish Centre for Human Rights ; Miles Litvinoff, ECCR; Frank Nally SSC, Columbans; Geoff
Nettleton, PipLinks; Rachel Parry, USPG; Ellen Teague, Vocation for Justice, Columbans; Clive Montgomery-Wicks, IUCN-CEESP ;
Andy Whitmore, PipLinks; Observer groups; Consultant – Robert Goodland. Chair 2006-2010, Hon. Clare Short MP.

6. IUCN CEESP
SEAPRISE
SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTABILITY
OF PRIVATE SECTOR
106 MEMBERS
MINING, OIL
MINING OIL, GAS AND BIOFUELS
HELP GOVERNMENTS AND NGOS
MURMANSK
G8 MEETING PRAGUE 2000
EIR
DR. R. GOODLAND
NEW GUINEA
RIO TINTO
PHILIPPINES
UNEP REPORTS ON TAILINGS DAMS

7. INDUCED SEISMIC ACTIVITY
THREE GORGES DAM IN CHINA
INDONESIA GAS DRILLING CAUSED
TOXIC MUD FLOW
IN S O
SIDOARJO, EASTERN JAVA
O S
HYDRO FRACTURING CAUSED SEISMIC
ACTIVITY IN BLACKPOOL (UK)

8. Extent of Forest Cover Loss in the last 100 years
Less than 6% of original forests remains
Source: Environmental Science for Social Change, 1999

9. Earthquake Potential
RING OF FIRE
MOUNTAINS
+
LOSS OF FOREST COVER
+
CLIMATE CHANGE
SENDONG
HIGH RAINFALL/TYPHOONS
+
SEISMIC ACTIVITY/ FAULT LINES
+
OPEN CAST MINING
+
INDUCED SESIMIC ACTIVITY
=
CUMULATIVE RISKS MAKE MINING IN
PHILIPPINE VERY HAZARDOUS

10. Agricultural Targets
A i lt lT t
• Make Philippines self sufficient in rice
by 2013 agreed with President
• Feed an estimated population of 130
million by 2030
Threat from climate change
Threat to water catchments from
mining and f
i i d forest ddestruction.
i
Threat of biofuel production taking
over agricultural land.

11. DENR
CONFLICTING FUNCTIONS
PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT
PROMOTE MINING AND LOGGING
PROGRAMMES
WE DON’T KNOW ANY OTHER COUNTRY
THAT DOES THIS

12. STRATEGIC ENVIRONMENTAL
ASSESSMENT (SEA)
BENEFITS OF SEA INCLUDE:
TO SUPPORT SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
TO IMPROVE THE EVIDENCE BASE FOR
STRATEGIC DECISIONS
TO FACILITATE AND RESPOND TO
CONSULTATION WITH STAKEHOLDERS
TO STREAMLINE OTHER PROCESSED SUCH AS
ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL IMPACT
ASSESSMENTS (ESIAs) OF INDIVIDUAL
DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS
http://WWW.SEA-INFO.NET/CONTENT/OVERVIEW.ASP?PID=94

13. 'I have never seen anything so
systematically destructive as the
mining programme in the Philippines.
The environmental effects are
catastrophic, as are the effects on
people’s livelihoods‘
Clare Sh t
Cl Short
.
2007 Report of the fact-finding mission to the Philippines to
investigate the impacts of large scale mineral extraction on
large-scale
communities, human rights and the environment. The
mission delegation included former UK International
Development Secretary Clare Short MP and ECCR Board
member Fr Frank Nally of the Society of St Columban.
http://www.eccr.org.uk/dcs/MininginthePhilippines-ConcernsandConflicts.pdf
Published 2007 Published 2009

15. Message from Clare Short former British
Minister for International Development (Dfid)
This second report Philippines: Mining or Food? highlights
the threat that mining poses to food security. Once self-
sufficient in rice, the Philippines is now the world’s biggest
, pp gg
importer and, with world rice prices tripling in 2008, it has
had to pay record prices. In a country where two-thirds of
the population live on only $2 a day, this means that more
Filipino families are being forced into poverty.
The problem is rooted in the failure of the Philippine
Government t maintain th h lth of it agricultural sector
G t to i t i the health f its i lt l t
and to conserve vital natural resources, such as tropical
forests and water, which contribute to national rice output.
The loss of watersheds, for example, has a direct impact on
the water supply for irrigation that is so vital for rice farmers.
Yet, the Government seems to regard forests purely as a
source of timber and as potential areas for mining.

18. Midsalip Case – Home Of The Subaanan and
Endangered Philippine Eagle
• 70% of Filipino’s depend on Agriculture
and Fishing for survival
• The Midsalip farmland is currently well
irrigated on rich volcanic soil with terraced
productive rice fields.
• The proposal is to destroy, the sacred Mt.
Sugarloaf/Pinukis mountain, through open
cast mining and deposit the mine waste,
soil & (tailings) in the rice fields
fields.
• People have made legal complaints and
now are pursuing a Writ of Kalikasan

20. TAMPAKAN
A Ri k f E
Risk for Ever
SMI -waste engineers state on page 42 of their
Appendix to the ESIA April 2011
“The mine has a high potential for loss of life and
high environmental damage if a failure of the
dams or waste rock storage facility occurs”.
The International reviewers agree.
However, we totally disagree that the mining
company can guarantee to design facilities to
avoid a disaster in perpetuity
perpetuity.

21. Tampakan Mine Project
p j
– Relates to all mining
activities and mine
facilities within
proposed mine
tenement boundary y
– Off-site infrastructure
will be subject to
separate regulatory
approvals

23. Tampakan Mine Project – Risks
• Mine will damage forests in water catchments, water supplies including
shallow aquifers, agricultural lands, fish ponds, Lake Buluan, marine
resources and increase risk of flooding
• The storage of 2.7 Billion tons of toxic mine rock waste and tailings and
27
a mine void 800 meter deep with thousands of gallons of toxic water in the
water catchment of 6 rivers and the source of most of them is far too great a
risk
• The Mal river will be the river worst affected. The headwaters will be very
badly damaged. Tailings dam is just above the (NIA) irrigation dam.
• High risk of acid drainage from waste rock and tailings which also contain
high levels of arsenic.
• Cancer - Toxic copper mine waste is associated with high levels of cancer
to communities nearby. (page 115 of Philippines Mining or Food? )
• Seismic ti it Unstable
S i i activity - U t bl area with Hi h S i i activity with many f lt
ith High Seismic ti it ith fault
lines some crossing other faults
• Induced Seismic activity - High risk of Induced Seismic activity caused by
open caste mining
mining.
• Conflict Zone 4 Militant groups against ICMM and EIR recommendations

24. Tampakan Mine Project – Risks contd.
• Human rights - Mining will damage the human rights
particularly those of its indigenous people but also many other stakeholders.
• Damage to Sustainability - Mining will undermine current sustainable
development/agricultural and ecotourism plans
• Laws - Provincial Governments are right to pass anti- open caste mining
laws to protect their ability to produce and secure food production through
protecting biodiversity for current and future generations
• Governments by law have to keep all forests intact to protect their people
from climate change. Rainfall in Central Mindanao is expected to decrease
by 20% within 20 years.
• Moratoriums - All mining companies should respect the Moratoriums in place
and cease all activities.
• SEA - If challenged, th P
SEAs h ll d then Provinces should call f an i d
i h ld ll for independent
d t
Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA)

27. Existing Land Use

28. Site Geology

29. Mal River Catchment
Confirm
location of
NIA Irrigation
weir

30. Project Layout – Year 10

31. 3D Layout (Year 20) -TSF and FWD

32. Responsible mining-Chamber of mines
Is it responsible to:
•Fail to consult the Secretary of the Department of
Agriculture who is responsible for agricultural and
fisheries production including irrigation schemes
likely to be a ected by t e mine.
ey affected the e
•Risk damaging the Philippines Government plans to
make the country self sufficient in rice by 2013 and
y y
feed a population of 130 million by 2030.
•Fail to accept that open cast mining, especially
under the current climatic an seismic conditions very
dangerous
•Ask the government to allow them exemption from
environmental laws eg Watercatchments, forests

33. •Fail to respect the Climate Change Commission
view that no further forests should be destroyed in
South C t b t
S th Cotabato as the forecast is that the area will
th f t i th t th ill
have 20% less water in 20 years time.
•Object to the President s proposal for Total
President’s
Economic Valuation (TEV) as it is done in Canada
• Ask the government and people to accept the risk
and cost of pollution from Mines in perpetuity
•Fail to consult all the stakeholders who use the
Fail stakeholders,
water resources including all who live along the
rivers and lakes.

34. Small scale miners are the problem ?
• No the biggest problems are caused by large scale
miners who damage water catchments, agriculture
catchments
and leave toxic materials, toxic water behind in
perpetuity and damage sacred mountains.
•The Philippines gains virtually nothing financially
from large scale miners and is left with clean up
g p
costs for ever.
•Small scale miners can cause problems p
p particularly
y
when they use mercury and illegally use heavy
equipment
•They need technical help and financial support.
•There is a lack of enforcement of laws.

35. MINING AND FOOD
RECOMMENDATIONS
• 1st TO GOVERNMENT
• 2nd TO MINING PROPONENTS
• 3rd TO DEVELOPMENT AGENCIES
• 4th TO INVESTOR COMMUNITY
• 5th FOR MINING-AFFECTED PEOPLE

36. Recommendations
• The following are a subset of the recommendations
pertaining to indigenous peoples
Survival of and respect
for Indigenous Peoples
g p
GOP* & Companies World Bank
Halt Extrajudicial Adhere to EIR findings
killings, Eliminate and ensure strict
use of paramilitaries adherence to IFC
& Tackle corruption EU guidelines
GOP Use good
NGOs and Govt’s
Halt the erosion of offices to
Ensure the
IPRA and FPIC. encourage
provision of
Support dialogue &
independent advice
traditional adherence to
Establish a credible
Indigenous legal
independent
structures protections
monitoring body
Ensure access to
*GOP: Government of the Philippines justice

37. GOVERNMENT
• 1.1 Prioritize Food Production &
protection of Human Rights:
Insist on Strategic Environmental
Assessments (SEAs)
• 1.2 Ministries concerned with food
security must prevail over
it t il
mining departments
• 1.3 Extractive Industries
Inter Ministerial Coordination
Committee plus Civil Society

38. To Government Depts
• Carry out SEAs before allowing mining
• Enforce all Lawsbest practise/TEV - No double
p
standards
• Apply Precautionary Principle
• Establish No Go Zones to protect people,
biodiversity and food supplies
• No mining in:
1. Agricultural lands,
2. Conflict Zones
3. Water catchments,
4. Small islands
5. Areas of high seismic activity

39. Figure 1: Codes of Conduct and Standards
Followed by Responsible Mining
EITI: The Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative Plus plus.
UNDRIP: The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples.
UNHCR The United Nations High Commission for Human Rights.
The Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights
IRMA: The Initiative for Responsible Mining Assurance.
UN Convention Against Corruption
UN Precautionary Principle
The Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights.
The Equator Principles.
The UN Aarhus Convention
The Extractive Industry Review.
Corporate Social Responsibility.
The UN Global Compact.
The Environmental Liability Directive
Directive.
IPIECA Guidance Document on Sustainable Social Investment.
The ECOWAS Directive on the Harmonization of Guiding Principles and Policies in the Mining Sector.
UN ILO Convention 169: Core Labor Standards.
The International Convention on Economic, Social and Civil Rights.
The International Convention on Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination.
Convention on the prevention and punishment of the crime of genocide.
Voluntary Principles on Security and Human Rights.
UN Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights
The OECD Guidelines for Multinational Enterprises.
The Akwé: Kon Guidelines

40. KEY ISSUES
• MINING AND FOOD SECURITY AND LACK OF
INTER-DEPT COORDINATION
• RESPONSIBLE MINING PLANS/ NONE SEEN
• ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTED AREAS: RIVERS,
AQUIFERS, FORESTS,
AQUIFERS FORESTS MARINE
• TAQMPAKAN: POTENTIALLY ONE OF THE
MOST DANGEROUS MINES IN THE WORLD
• CUMULATIVE RISKS AND IMPACTS -SEAs