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Oxygen Transport System
• As you breathe in oxygen goes into you lungs.
  From there it goes to the heart and mixes with
  the blood and gets pumped around the body
  to the working muscles by the heart.

• You can get more oxygen by:
                Breathing faster
               Breathing deeper
Oxygen debt (Credit extension)
• If you perform for long time intervals it is
  often difficult for your breathing to supply
  enough oxygen to working muscles. This leads
  to a build up of lactic acid in your muscles,
  which will eventually force you to slow down.
  This is because your muscles will have fatigue.
  Lactic acid can only be removed with oxygen
  and until more oxygen arrives by deep and
  frequent breathing you will suffer from oxygen
  debt.
Warm Up
Stage                        Description                   Explanation
1. Jogging                   Jogging twice round the       To raise body temperature
                             pitch, changing direction,    and increase heart rate
                             side stepping, jumping ,      ready for the activity.
                             running. Game movements.

2. Stretching                Stretching quad and           To increase muscle
                             hamstring, holding each       suppleness and to prevent
                             stretch for 30 seconds.       an injury

3. Skill related practices   Passing/volleying ball with   To gain confidence with the
                             partner, dribbling and        ball and practice the skills
                             shooting into the goal.       used in the game.
Cool Down
Stage           Description                           Explanation
1. Jogging      Slow jog once round the pitch         To gently lower body
                                                      temperature/Heart rate

2. Stretching   Stretching muscles used in the game   To reduce muscle feeling
                                                      stiff the next day
Tendon – a connective tissue attaching muscle to bone.
   When a muscle contracts to move a joint, it is the
           tendon which pulls on the bone.
Ligaments - are strong bands which connect bones to bones at
  the joint. They're elasticated to allow the movement of that
  joint, but are strong enough to stop movement outside the
                           normal range.
Cartilage - is a soft cushioning substance which covers
the ends of the bones. It acts as a shock absorber and
       reduces the rubbing of the bone surfaces.
Joints
Where two or three bones meet, we
             have joints.
1.Hinge joints are found at the elbow
and at the knee and allow movement
   in one dimension, or direction.
2.Ball and socket joints are found at
 the shoulder and the hip and allow
   movement in three directions.
Muscles
The muscles of the body allow movement to
 occur at joints. To allow movement at a joint
 muscles works in pairs. Examples of this can
      be found in the elbows and knees.
           Elbow – bicep and tricep
        Knees – hamstring and quad
 These muscles contract and relax to create
                   movement.
Muscles controlling the elbow
• The muscles which control the movement of
  the elbow, are the triceps and the biceps. The
  bicep contracts or shortens, pulling the lower
  arm up, and causing the elbow to bend. At
  this time the tricep relaxes or lengthens. To
  straighten the elbow it is then the tricep
  which contracts or shortens in order to pull
  the lower arm down, and at this time the
  bicep relaxes.
Muscles controlling the knee
• If we look at the knee we can see the
  hamstring and the quad controlling the
  movement. The hamstring contracts, pulling
  the lower leg up and causing the knee to
  bend. At this time, the quad relaxes. To
  straighten the knee, the quad contracts, and
  pulls the lower leg down. At this time the
  hamstring is relaxed.

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Revision

  • 1. Oxygen Transport System • As you breathe in oxygen goes into you lungs. From there it goes to the heart and mixes with the blood and gets pumped around the body to the working muscles by the heart. • You can get more oxygen by: Breathing faster Breathing deeper
  • 2. Oxygen debt (Credit extension) • If you perform for long time intervals it is often difficult for your breathing to supply enough oxygen to working muscles. This leads to a build up of lactic acid in your muscles, which will eventually force you to slow down. This is because your muscles will have fatigue. Lactic acid can only be removed with oxygen and until more oxygen arrives by deep and frequent breathing you will suffer from oxygen debt.
  • 3. Warm Up Stage Description Explanation 1. Jogging Jogging twice round the To raise body temperature pitch, changing direction, and increase heart rate side stepping, jumping , ready for the activity. running. Game movements. 2. Stretching Stretching quad and To increase muscle hamstring, holding each suppleness and to prevent stretch for 30 seconds. an injury 3. Skill related practices Passing/volleying ball with To gain confidence with the partner, dribbling and ball and practice the skills shooting into the goal. used in the game.
  • 4. Cool Down Stage Description Explanation 1. Jogging Slow jog once round the pitch To gently lower body temperature/Heart rate 2. Stretching Stretching muscles used in the game To reduce muscle feeling stiff the next day
  • 5. Tendon – a connective tissue attaching muscle to bone. When a muscle contracts to move a joint, it is the tendon which pulls on the bone.
  • 6. Ligaments - are strong bands which connect bones to bones at the joint. They're elasticated to allow the movement of that joint, but are strong enough to stop movement outside the normal range.
  • 7. Cartilage - is a soft cushioning substance which covers the ends of the bones. It acts as a shock absorber and reduces the rubbing of the bone surfaces.
  • 8. Joints Where two or three bones meet, we have joints. 1.Hinge joints are found at the elbow and at the knee and allow movement in one dimension, or direction. 2.Ball and socket joints are found at the shoulder and the hip and allow movement in three directions.
  • 9. Muscles The muscles of the body allow movement to occur at joints. To allow movement at a joint muscles works in pairs. Examples of this can be found in the elbows and knees. Elbow – bicep and tricep Knees – hamstring and quad These muscles contract and relax to create movement.
  • 10. Muscles controlling the elbow • The muscles which control the movement of the elbow, are the triceps and the biceps. The bicep contracts or shortens, pulling the lower arm up, and causing the elbow to bend. At this time the tricep relaxes or lengthens. To straighten the elbow it is then the tricep which contracts or shortens in order to pull the lower arm down, and at this time the bicep relaxes.
  • 11. Muscles controlling the knee • If we look at the knee we can see the hamstring and the quad controlling the movement. The hamstring contracts, pulling the lower leg up and causing the knee to bend. At this time, the quad relaxes. To straighten the knee, the quad contracts, and pulls the lower leg down. At this time the hamstring is relaxed.