5. Economic importance-Useful aspect
Products in our day to day life are the result of
bacteria
Curd
Cheese
Antibiotics
Streptomycin
Amoxicillin
Dr Nidhi Sharma
7. Food poisoning (Botulism)-
Clostridium botulinum
Diseases in plants
Citrus canker- Xanthomonas
citri
Dr Nidhi Sharma
8. Viruses
Causes diseases only in plants &
humans
In humans –e.g. cough & cold
(caused by 100 different
viruses), measles, mumps, AIDS
etc
In plants- e.g. yellow vein mosaic
of bhindi, Papaya mosaic, leaf
roll of papaya etc
Dr Nidhi Sharma
9. FUNGI
Non green plants
Grow on dead & decaying organic matter and absorb
food from it
Microscopic form to large ones with big fruiting bodies
Common example is mushroom
Microscopic form Macroscopic form
Dr Nidhi Sharma
10. Forms which you have seen
Edible mushroom
Poisonous mushroom like toadstool
Bread mould-Aspergillus, Penicillium, Mucor etc
On the leaves of sarso, muli etc as black rounded
spots
Yeast –baking, brewing (bread, beer, wine)
Antibiotics- Penicillin & Cephalosporin
Cheese- Roquefort & Camembert
Dr Nidhi Sharma
11. Economic importance- useful aspect
In market different
forms of mushroom are
available which are
edible
Packed button mushroom
Truffles
Dr Nidhi Sharma
13. Economic importance- useful aspect
Ganoderma lucidum
tea, powder, tooth paste
Used in cancer treatment
Dr Nidhi Sharma
14. Economic importance- harmful aspect
Crop diseases- e.g.
potato blight (cause of
irish famine in 1845)
Dandruff in human
beings-Malassezia furfur
Dr Nidhi Sharma
16. ALGAE
Largest producer of
carbohydrate
Range from microscopic
to giant forms
Some forms are edible
like Ulva (sea lettuce)
Agar agar extracted
from algae Gelidium-
used as a solidifying
agent in culture medium
Dr Nidhi Sharma
17. Sometimes colour
of sea & snow
shows the colour of
algae
(Chamydomonas
nivalis)
Dr Nidhi Sharma
18. Causes water bloom
(Forms a layer on the
surface of dirty water)
Dr Nidhi Sharma
19. BRYOPHYTA
Marcantia
Amphibious
plant
Grows on land
Anthoceros
as well as water
Dr Nidhi Sharma
21. GYMNOSPERMS
Do not produce flowers but
form seeds
Seeds are naked. Fruits not
formed
E.g. Cycas, Pinus, Ephedra
Terpentine oil is extracted from
Pinus
Chilgoza is the seed of Pinus
gerardiana
Cycas (sago palm) is a source
of sago
Ephedra is a source of medicine
Ephedrine
Dr Nidhi Sharma
23. BRANCHES OF BOTANY
Taxonomy- science that finds, describes, classifies,
identifies, and names plants on the basis of
external features, internal features & showing
relatedness
Anatomy- study of the internal structure of plants.
Embryology- the science of the origin and
formation of new plants
Genetics- studies heredity and variation in plants.
Dr Nidhi Sharma
24. Ecology- deals with the distribution and abundance of
plants, the interactions among and between members of
plant species and their interaction with their environment.
Physiology- concerned with the functioning or physiology
of plants.
Biochemistry- Deals with the structure, function and
interaction of cellular components such as proteins,
carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids and other
biomolecules
Dr Nidhi Sharma
25. APPLIED BRANCHES
Microbiology- The study of microorganisms.
Plant pathology- The scientific study of disease and its
causes, processes and effects in plants
Experimental embryology
Environmental sciences
Molecular genetics
Biotechnology- Application of scientific and technical
advances in life science to develop commercial products
Soil science- Study of soil, its formation, classification,
physical, chemical, biological and fertility properties of
soils Dr Nidhi Sharma