Highly sophisticated technique used to test embryos for particular chromosomal or genetic abnormalities. It empowers the choice of unaffected embryos before implantation and pregnancy.

1. Pre-Implantation Genetic Diagnosis
During IVF

2. What is PGD?
Highly sophisticated technique used to test embryos for particular
chromosomal or genetic abnormalities. It empowers the choice of
unaffected embryos before implantation and pregnancy.
PGD refers to genetic profiling of
embryos before implantation and
even once in awhile of oocytes
before fertilization. It is one of the
kinds of innovative methodology
that permits testing and screening
of embryos for genetic abnormalities
before embryo being transferred and
implanted.

3. Background of PGD
PGD was initially reported in 1990.
The technique is the combination
of advances made in Assisted
Reproductive Technology
and in molecular genetics.

4. Why PGD?
Implantation failure is far more likely to be because of incompetence
of embryos (70-75%) as compared to lack of uterine receptivity (25-
30%).
The chromosomes numbers in a cell is specified as its ploidy. (A cell
with an ordinary number of chromosomes is specified to as euploid,
however onewith random chromosome number is aneuploid).
Risk of having a child with an inherited genetic condition
One or both the partners have single- gene disorder
Frequent spontaneous abortions
Previous chromosomal abnormality in a pregnancy

5. Why PGD with IVF?
Aneuploidies (chromosome anomalies) are connected with
implantation of failure, miscarriage, and the conception of kids with
various congenital abnormalities.
PGD (Pre-implantation Genetic Diagnosis) gives a method for testing
to these chromosome irregularities and selecting the best embryos for
transfer.

6. PGD Indications
When there is a doubt of chromosomal disorders such as
inversions, chromosome deletions, chromosomal rearrangements,
and translocations.
Serious monogenic diseases such as
fragile X syndrome, cystic fibrosis,
myopathies, and sickle cell anemia.

7. Stages of PGD
1. One who is considering this treatment should first discuss options
availablewith their GP.
2. For genetic testing, specialist artificially stimulated the ovaries in order to
produce various eggs at a time.
3. Embryos are collected from the ovaries through egg retrieval process.
4. During PGD, fertilization will be performed either by IVF (In Vitro
Fertilization) and ICSI (Intra-cytoplasmic Sperm Injection)
5. Successfully fertilized eggs are developed in lab for 2-3 days until the cells
have divided into 8 cells. One or two cells are then removed from the
embryos to test and the removal of these cells should not harm the
embryo.
6. The cells are tested for genetic abnormalities and only those embryos, do
not have particular genetic condition will be transferred into the female’s
uterus.

9. How accurate is PGD?
The accuracy of PGD treatment will vary and possibility is always
there that testing may not be 100% reliable or conclusive. However, for
most of the couples, it is 98-99% accurate. As per the limitations of
present PGD technology, it is often suggested that couples undertake
prenatal testing.

10. For more information, contact us…
NEWLIFE FERTILITY CLINIC
Email : info@newlifeindia.com
Website : www.newlifeindiaclinic.com
Mobile No.: (+91) 9953648125
(+011)26234270