stress management
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The document discusses stress and stress management. It defines stress as a physiological and psychological state of disruption caused by stressors or events, real or imagined, that can elicit a state of stress. Stress can be eustress, which enhances quality of life, or distress, which diminishes quality of life. The document covers the causes of stress, how stress leads to disease, types of stress, coping techniques, and stress management strategies including exercise, diet, social support, relaxation, and cognitive approaches.
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stress management
- 1. Stress & Stress Management: DEALING WITH THE DEMANDS OF LIFE AND WORK PREPARED FOR UHS 2062 LECTURES, UTM SKUDAI, MALAYSIA. SRSIWOK@ GMAIL.COM © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 2. Introduction Stress influence our behaviour and thus our relations with others at work Stress has serious health implications if not properly managed. To properly manage stress, it has to be identified, understood, and learn ways to handle it. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 3. What Is Stress? Stress Physiological disruption and psychological state of Stressor Factors or events, real or imagined, that elicit a state of stress Eustress Stress that enhances quality of life Distress Stress that diminishes quality of life © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 4. What We Will Cover Causes of Stress -How Stress Leads To Disease -Types of Stress -Coping Techniques - © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 5. Stress Response Physiological and psychological responses to positive or negative events that are disruptive, unexpected, or stimulating Learned and conditioned habits adopted early in life Basic human survival mechanism © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 6. Fight or Flight Response Physiological changes that prepare the body for confrontation or avoidance Brain Sympathetic nervous system Adrenal glands © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 7. Resolving Stress Adaptive Stress Response Chronic Stress Response © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 8. General Adaptation Syndrome: Three Stages of Alarm—the fight or flight response Stress Resistance—the body attempts to reestablish equilibrium Exhaustion—the physical and psychological resources used to deal with stress are depleted © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 9. The Stress Response © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 10. Physical Toll of Stress Hypertension Stroke Heart disease Kidney disorders Depression © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Alcoholism Gastrointestinal problems Autoimmune disorders Sexual dysfunctions
- 11. Effects of Stress Stress and immunity Chronic stress may cause the immune system to be under- or overactive Stress and cardiovascular disease Type A personality: Competitive, ambitious impatient Associated with heart attacks Type B personality: Relaxed, patient © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 12. Benefits of Stress Moderate levels Motivating Energizing Productive © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 13. Yerkes-Dodson law © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 14. Student Stressors: Interpersonal Homesickness One of the most common problems facing college students Often doesn’t hit until a few weeks or a month after the big move © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved. Relationship problems Very common stressor Difficulty maintaining long-distance relationships Loosing touch with old friends
- 15. Student Stressors: Balancing Work and School © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 16. Student Stressors: Academic Test anxiety Speech Math anxiety anxiety © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 17. Student Stressors: Internal Procrastination Perfectionism Problems with goal setting and time management © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 18. Other Stressors Job stressors Conflict with coworkers Unrealistic work loads Tight deadlines and last minute projects Technological stressors Environmental stressors © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 19. Stress and Gender © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 20. What Makes Stress Worsen Lack of control Lack of predictability Lack of social affiliation-no one to talk with No outlet for frustration caused by stressor Interpret things as getting worse with no way to change it University Dr. Robert Sapolsky, Stress Researcher, Stanford © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 21. How Americans Cope with Stress © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 22. How can one manage stress better? 1. Become aware of the stressors and the emotional and physical reactions 2. Recognizing what can be changed 3. Reduce the intensity of the emotional reactions to the stress 4. Learning to moderate our physical reserves 5. Maintaining our emotional reserves © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 23. Physical Aspects of Stress Management Sleep Exercise Nutrition © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 24. Management of Stress Exercise Laughter Diet Stop smoking Sleep Support network Self empowerment Improve coping skills © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 25. Social Aspects of Stress Management Make time to have fun and play Laughter is effective Human contact through social connections Pets can reduce stress © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 26. Psychological Aspects of Stress Management Relaxation and deep breathing Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) Guided imagery and visualization Meditation Hypnosis Biofeedback © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 27. © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 28. Environmental Aspects of Stress Management Reduce noise levels Amount/type of light Meaningful and challenging experiences Aesthetic quality of inhabited space Color Plants Photos Smell © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 29. Cognitive Aspects of Stress Management Time management Assess your habits Use a planner Set goals and prioritize Stress inoculation Cognitive self-talk Conquering procrastination Combating perfectionism © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
- 30. References : Aamodt, M.G (2007). Industrial /organizational psychology. An applied approach. Belmont, CA: Thomson. Huffman, K ( 2007). Psychology in Action (8 th ed). New Jersey: Wiley Arnold, J. (2005). Work Psychology. Understanding Human Behaviour in the WorKplace. England: Pearson Education Ltd Kosslynn, S. M. & Rosenberg, R. S (2006). Psychology in Action (3rd. Ed). Boston: Pearson International © 2009 McGraw-Hill Higher Education. All rights reserved.
Hinweis der Redaktion
- Figure 3-1 Resolving stress
- Figure 3-2 The stress response: physiological reactions to a stressor.
- Image source: The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc./Gary He, photographer
- Figure 3-3. The Yerke-Dodson Law. Too little or too much stress bell curve model
- Figure 3-4 Percentages of college students who also work at paying jobs. Bureau of Labor Statistics, March 2005
- Figure 3-5 Stress and Gender (USA Today, 23 Feb 2006)
- Figure 3-6 How Americans Cope with Stress
- Image source: JupiterImages
- Image source: Royalty-Free/Corbis