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NCCT Centre for Advanced Technology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------    SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT * EMBEDDED SYSTEMS #109, 2nd Floor, Bombay Flats, Nungambakkam High Road,  Nungambakkam, Chennai - 600 034.  Phone - 044 - 2823 5816, 98412 32310 E-Mail: ncct@eth.net, esskayn@eth.net, URL: ncctchennai.com   Dedicated to Commitments, Committed to Technologies
NEURAL NETWORKS & ITS APPLICATIONS NCCT Where Technology and Solutions Meet
INTRODUCTION ,[object Object],  NCCT
About NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
WHAT WILL WE DISCUSS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
MACHINE LEARNING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],LEARNING   NCCT
BRAIN AND MACHINE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Contrast in Architecture ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Features of the Brain ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
The Biological Inspiration ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHAT ARE NEURAL NETWORKS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WHAT ARE NEURAL NETWORKS
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WHAT ARE NEURAL NETWORKS
BIOLOGICAL NEURAL NETWORK   NCCT
The Neuron as a Simple Computing Element DIAGRAM OF A NEURON
Analogy between Biological and  Artificial Neural Networks
ARCHITECTURE OF A TYPICAL ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
USES OF NEURAL NETWORK ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
WHY NEURAL NETWORKS ? ,[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
SIMPLE EXPLANATION  HOW NEURAL NETWORK WORKS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
SIMPLE EXPLANATION  HOW NEURAL NETWORK WORKS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],The structure of a neural network looks something like th is image
SIMPLE EXPLANATION  HIDDEN LAYER   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],More on the Hidden Layer
SIMPLE EXPLANATION  HIDDEN LAYER   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],More on the Hidden Layer
HEBBIAN LEARNING ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
CAN A SINGLE NEURON LEARN A TASK? ,[object Object],[object Object]
THE PERCEPTRON ,[object Object],[object Object]
SINGLE-LAYER TWO-INPUT PERCEPTRON
[object Object],[object Object],How does the perceptron learn its classification tasks?
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],How does the perceptron learn its classification tasks?
THE PERCEPTRON LEARNING RULE where  p  = 1, 2, 3, . . .    is the learning rate, a positive constant less than unity. The perceptron learning rule was first proposed by Rosenblatt in 1960.  Using this rule we can derive the perceptron training algorithm for classification tasks.
STEP 1: INITIALISATION Set initial weights  w 1,  w 2,…,  wn  and threshold     to random numbers in the range [  0.5, 0.5].  PERCEPTRON’S TRAINING ALGORITHM STEP 2: ACTIVATION Activate the perceptron by applying inputs  x1(p), x2(p),…, xn(p) and desired output Yd (p).  Calculate the actual output at iteration p = 1 where n is the number of the perceptron inputs,  and step is a step activation function.
STEP 3: WEIGHT TRAINING Update the weights of the  perceptron where  is the weight correction at iteration p. The weight correction is computed by the delta rule: where STEP 4: ITERATION Increase iteration p by one, go back to Step 2 and repeat the process until convergence. PERCEPTRON’S TRAINING ALGORITHM
[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],NEURON COMPUTATION
ACTIVATION FUNCTIONS
EXAMPLE A neuron uses a step function as its activation function q = 0.2 and W1 = 0.1, W2 = 0.4,  What is the output with the  following values of x1 and x2: 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 Y x2 x1
NETWORK STRUCTURE ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
NETWORK ARCHITECTURES   ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Neurons are organized in a Cyclic Layers
NETWORK ARCHITECTURES SINGLE LAYER FEED FORWARD  Input layer of source nodes Output layer of neurons   NCCT
NETWORK ARCHITECTURES MULTI LAYER FEED-FORWARD   INPUT LAYER OUTPUT LAYER HIDDEN LAYER 3-4-2 NETWORK   NCCT
[object Object],RECURRENT NETWORK INPUT HIDDEN OUTPUT z -1 z -1 z -1
NEURAL NETWORK ARCHITECTURES
NEURAL NETWORK APPLICATIONS ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
FACE RECOGNITION 90% accurate learning head pose, and recognizing 1-of-20 faces
HANDWRITTEN DIGIT RECOGNITION
Projects @ NCCT Redefining the Learning Specialization, Design, Development and Implementation with Projects Experience the learning with the latest new tools and technologies…
Projects @ NCCT Project Specialization Concept ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
Projects @ NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Projects @ NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Projects @ NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
Projects @ NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],  NCCT
Projects @ NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Projects @ NCCT ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Placements @ NCCT NCCT has an enormous placement wing, which enrolls all candidates in its placement bank, and will keep in constant touch with various IT related industries in India / Abroad, who are in need of computer trained quality manpower Each candidate goes through complete pre-placement session before  placement made by NCCT  The placement division also helps students in getting projects and organize guest lectures, group discussions, soft learning skills, mock interviews, personality development skills, easy learning skills, technical discussions, student meetings, etc.,   For every student we communicate the IT organizations, with the following documents *  Curriculum highlighting the skills *  A brief write up of the software knowledge acquired at NCCT, syllabus    taught at NCCT *  Projects and Specialization work done at NCCT *  Additional skills learnt
  NCCT THE FOLLOWING SKILL SET IS SECURE
NCCT Quality is Our Responsibility Dedicated to Commitments and Committed to Technology

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NEURAL NETWORK APPLICATIONS

  • 1. NCCT Centre for Advanced Technology ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT * EMBEDDED SYSTEMS #109, 2nd Floor, Bombay Flats, Nungambakkam High Road, Nungambakkam, Chennai - 600 034. Phone - 044 - 2823 5816, 98412 32310 E-Mail: ncct@eth.net, esskayn@eth.net, URL: ncctchennai.com Dedicated to Commitments, Committed to Technologies
  • 2. NEURAL NETWORKS & ITS APPLICATIONS NCCT Where Technology and Solutions Meet
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  • 16. The Neuron as a Simple Computing Element DIAGRAM OF A NEURON
  • 17. Analogy between Biological and Artificial Neural Networks
  • 18. ARCHITECTURE OF A TYPICAL ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK
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  • 31. THE PERCEPTRON LEARNING RULE where p = 1, 2, 3, . . .  is the learning rate, a positive constant less than unity. The perceptron learning rule was first proposed by Rosenblatt in 1960. Using this rule we can derive the perceptron training algorithm for classification tasks.
  • 32. STEP 1: INITIALISATION Set initial weights w 1, w 2,…, wn and threshold  to random numbers in the range [  0.5, 0.5]. PERCEPTRON’S TRAINING ALGORITHM STEP 2: ACTIVATION Activate the perceptron by applying inputs x1(p), x2(p),…, xn(p) and desired output Yd (p). Calculate the actual output at iteration p = 1 where n is the number of the perceptron inputs, and step is a step activation function.
  • 33. STEP 3: WEIGHT TRAINING Update the weights of the perceptron where is the weight correction at iteration p. The weight correction is computed by the delta rule: where STEP 4: ITERATION Increase iteration p by one, go back to Step 2 and repeat the process until convergence. PERCEPTRON’S TRAINING ALGORITHM
  • 34.
  • 36. EXAMPLE A neuron uses a step function as its activation function q = 0.2 and W1 = 0.1, W2 = 0.4, What is the output with the following values of x1 and x2: 1 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 Y x2 x1
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  • 39. NETWORK ARCHITECTURES SINGLE LAYER FEED FORWARD Input layer of source nodes Output layer of neurons NCCT
  • 40. NETWORK ARCHITECTURES MULTI LAYER FEED-FORWARD INPUT LAYER OUTPUT LAYER HIDDEN LAYER 3-4-2 NETWORK NCCT
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  • 44. FACE RECOGNITION 90% accurate learning head pose, and recognizing 1-of-20 faces
  • 46. Projects @ NCCT Redefining the Learning Specialization, Design, Development and Implementation with Projects Experience the learning with the latest new tools and technologies…
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  • 54. Placements @ NCCT NCCT has an enormous placement wing, which enrolls all candidates in its placement bank, and will keep in constant touch with various IT related industries in India / Abroad, who are in need of computer trained quality manpower Each candidate goes through complete pre-placement session before placement made by NCCT The placement division also helps students in getting projects and organize guest lectures, group discussions, soft learning skills, mock interviews, personality development skills, easy learning skills, technical discussions, student meetings, etc., For every student we communicate the IT organizations, with the following documents * Curriculum highlighting the skills * A brief write up of the software knowledge acquired at NCCT, syllabus taught at NCCT * Projects and Specialization work done at NCCT * Additional skills learnt
  • 55. NCCT THE FOLLOWING SKILL SET IS SECURE
  • 56. NCCT Quality is Our Responsibility Dedicated to Commitments and Committed to Technology