Presentation given by Jennifer Lloyd at the The paper was presented at the AIC & ICOM CC Photographs Conservation Joint Meeting presentation (American Institute of Conservation & International Council of Muesums, International Committee for Conservation).

1. Digitisation of panoramic negatives Jennifer Lloyd
Manager
Preservation Services

2. Sketchbook of scenes of Sydney, Broken Bay, Newcastle
and region, New South Wales, 1817-1840 [picture]
Edward Close
http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-an4563834
1817 - 1840
Panoramas were first drawn
and painted

3. Section of the rotunda, Leicester Square, in which is exhibited the Panorama:
the British Museum, London; AN862225
circa 1791

4. http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-an3366506-s47
Photographs
stuck together
end to end
http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-an3366506-s47-b1

5. The Cirkut Camera
– with panoramic
attachment
http://piercevaubel.com/cam/catalogs/1906centurylp253.htm
Fan which controlled rate
of rotation of the camera
on the tripod
Slit in the panoramic
attachment to expose the
flexible film which wound
past
Tripod

6. Flexible film
• 360 degree panoramas
• people appearing in
panoramas more than once
http://nla.gov.au/nla.pic-vn6157266
Farmers and Graziers Company
1925

7. Library of Congress – American Memory
http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/collections/panoramic_photo/pnpizza.html

12. The Enemark Project
• Publication – pilot project to digitise 30
negatives
• Stored in off-site nitrate store at 8°C
• not catalogued
• many in each box
• difficult to handle and provide access
• no surrogate

13. Pilot project
– developed digitisation standards for large
negatives
– identified problems with existing workflows and
equipment
– took a lot of time
– improved preservation and provided access to
these items
– What about the rest?
• increased use because of publication?

14. • Eastman non-curling film
cartridge for Cirkut
cameras
• 8 feet of film per box

15. • The negatives were unrolled
and then laid out flat with
woven polyester tissue
interleaved between each
negative

16. • They were then put under weights
for two weeks

17. Workflow for Enemark project

19. The Panorail

20. The Panorail in action!

22. Panorama of Edina, Ebenezer Vickery's house
Waverley, New South Wales

23. Capture standards and resulting size of digital file
Neg size Standard Typical file size
35mm colour
negative
16 bits per pixel, RGB, 2000ppi 25MB
4 x 5” colour
transparency
16 bits per pixel, RGB, 2000 ppi 400MB
Slice of panorama 16 bits per pixel, Greyscale, 1000ppi 275MB
Full panorama 16 bits per pixel, Greyscale, 1000ppi 275MB – 2GB
(dependent on length)

28. Thanks
To the staff in Preservation Services, Digitisation and
Photography and Pictures at the National Library.
To the National Library for funding my attendance at
this conference
Questions?