This document summarizes domestic violence, including definitions, types, statistics, and suggestions to address the issue. It defines domestic violence as threatening behavior or abuse between intimate partners or family members. The types of abuse discussed are emotional/psychological, physical, sexual, and violence against children. Statistics on domestic violence reports in Malaysia from 2000-2011 are provided. Causes discussed are cultural, economic, legal, and political factors. Suggestions to address domestic violence include criminalization, legislation, police action, cooperation between government and civil society, involvement of religious leaders, males, and media campaigns. The conclusion emphasizes that domestic violence is widespread and affects human rights and equality, and that while Malaysia has taken measures, more efforts are needed
14. "Any incident of
threatening
behavior, violence or
abuse
(psychological, physical,
sexual, financial or
emotional) between
adults who are or have
been intimate partners or
family
members, regardless of
27. Emotional abuse
includes verbal
abuse such as
yelling, name-
calling, blaming and
shaming. Isolation,
intimidation,
threats of violence
and controlling
behavior.
28.
29. Many female victims of domestic
violence become victims of their
own psychological realities
(Hurley, Sullivan &
McCarthy, 2007).
47. Violence
in domestic
abuse is
nothing more
than a tool
oftentimes used
by men to
control women.
48. Many men in our
society still support the
notion that it is okay to
use physical violence
toward a woman if her
behavior or freedom
threaten his power or
standing in the family
hierarchy
(Sartin et al., 2006).
63. 10% were sexually abused
15% were physically abused
64. 10% were sexually abused
15% were physically abused
62% were emotionally harmed
65. 10% were sexually abused
15% were physically abused
62% were emotionally harmed
36% were neglected
66. 10% were sexually abused
15% were physically abused
62% were emotionally harmed
36% were neglected
26% were abducted or involved
in an abduction attempt
67. 10% were sexually abused
15% were physically abused
62% were emotionally harmed
36% were neglected
26% were abducted or involved
in an abduction attempt
Most of these children were under
the age of five.
79. CAUSES OF DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE
CULTURAL ECONOMIC
Gender specific Women’s economic
socialization dependence on men
Cultural definitions of Limited access to cash
appropriate sex roles and credit
Expectations of roles Limited access to
within relationships education and training
for women
Acceptability of violence
as a means to resolve Limited access to
conflict employment in formal
and informal sectors
80. CAUSES OF DOMESTIC
VIOLENCE
LEGAL POLITICAL
Legal definitions of rape Domestic violence not
and domestic abuse taken seriously
Low levels of legal Limited organization
literacy among women of women as a political
force
Insensitive treatment of
women and girls by police Limited participation
and judiciary of women in organized
political system
Lesser legal status of
women either by written Risk of challenge to
law and/or by practice status quo/religious laws
84. Criminalization
"Criminalizing domestic violence has a powerful symbolic value as
it is a clear indication of society's abhorrence of abuse".
(Monitoring the Domestic Violence Act 1994
Malaysia, WAO, December 1997).
85. Criminalization
"Criminalizing domestic violence has a powerful symbolic value as
it is a clear indication of society's abhorrence of abuse".
(Monitoring the Domestic Violence Act 1994 Malaysia,
WAO, December 1997).
Legislation
Special laws should be drafted, having special
remedies and procedures.
86. Criminalization
"Criminalizing domestic violence has a powerful symbolic value as
it is a clear indication of society's abhorrence of abuse".
(Monitoring the Domestic Violence Act 1994
Malaysia, WAO, December 1997).
Legislation
Special laws should be drafted, having special
remedies and procedures.
Police Action
Some legislations allow the police to enter if
requested to do so by a person who apparently resides
on the premises or where the officer has reason to
believe that a person on the premises is under attack or
imminent attack.
87.
88. Cooperation At All Levels
More cooperative relationship
between governments and civil
society should be built to combat
violence.
89. Cooperation At All Levels
More cooperative relationship
between governments and civil
society should be built to combat
violence.
Media
Media can strategise plans to
influence the mindset of public.
Aggressively highlight issues
surrounding : continuously
advertising catchy and
innovative messages.
90.
91. Religious Leaders
Speaking out strongly against
Violence at mosques, churches, and
Hindu, Chinese and Sikh temples.
92. Religious Leaders
Speaking out strongly against
Violence at mosques, churches, and
Hindu, Chinese and Sikh temples.
Involvement Of Males
Increase gender sensitization efforts
and awareness campaigns and increase
the use of education as a tool to
educate and create awareness.
102. CONCLUSION
Violence is widespread and affects the
lives of countless human - obstacle for
human to achieve rights, empowerment,
equality etc.
103. CONCLUSION
Violence is widespread and affects the
lives of countless human - obstacle for
human to achieve rights, empowerment,
equality etc.
Domestic Violence must be addressed
with the same urgency as any other issue.
104. CONCLUSION
Violence is widespread and affects the
lives of countless human - obstacle for
human to achieve
rights, empowerment, equality etc.
Domestic Violence must be addressed
with the same urgency as any other issue.
Malaysia has been taking various
measures to eradicate Domestic
Violence, however initiatives need to be
steeped up.
105. REFERENCES
Payne, D. & Wermeling, L. (2009). ‘Domestic Violence and the Female
Victim: The Real Reason Women Stay!’. Journal of Multicultural,
Gender, and Minority Studies, 3(1). Retrieved from
www.emeraldinsight.com
Frantzen, D. & Miguel, C. S. (2009). ‘Mandatory arrest? Police response to
domestic violence victims’. Journal of Policing: An International
Journal of Police Strategies &Management, 32(2), pp. 319-337.
Retrieved from www.emeraldinsight.com/
Johnson, R. R. (2010). ‘Making domestic violence arrests: a test of expectancy
theory’. Journal of Policing: An International Journal of Police
Strategies & Management, 33(3), pp. 531-547. Retrieved from
www.emeraldinsight.com
106. REFERENCES
Hawke, A. (2000, June). Domestic Violence Againts Women and Girl.
INNOCENTI DIGEST, No 6. Retrieved from www.unicef-icdc.org